Co-Firing Behavior of Co2Z Hexagonal Ferrite/Ag Internal Electrode for MLCIs

2007 ◽  
Vol 280-283 ◽  
pp. 155-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Lin Miao ◽  
Mao Wang ◽  
Zhen Xing Yue ◽  
Ji Zhou ◽  
Xue Min Cui
Keyword(s):  
Silver Electrode ◽  
Hexagonal Ferrite ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Remarkable Effect ◽  
Sintering Additive ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Silver Grains ◽  
Shrinkage Behavior

This paper presents the shrinkage behavior, phase transformation and interfacial character of the hexagonal ferrite/silver electrode composite. The shrinkage analysis shows apparent sintering mismatch between hexagonal ferrite ceramic and silver electrode material and improvement of the co-fired characteristics was obtained by adding appropriate amount of sintering additive. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicate that silver grains distribute uniformly in the composite. Drawn from the back-scattered (BS) electron image, no silver dispersed into the ferrite grains and there’re no obvious chemical reactions between Co2Z hexagonal ferrite and silver, which can be confirmed by X-ray diffraction spectrum. Silver induction exerts remarkable effect on the electronic properties of the composite and could increase the dielectric constant and dielectric loss to a certain extent.

X-ray diffraction and magnetic studies of altered ilmenite and pseudorutile

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (329) ◽  
pp. 659-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Wort ◽  
M. P. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Magnetic Studies ◽  
Subsequent Work ◽  
Secondary Alteration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Magnetic Spin

SynopsisIT was not until 1966 that pseudorutile was first defined. Earlier, its X-ray diffraction spectrum had been confused with that of futile and, to a lesser degree, with those of hematite and ilmenite. Subsequent work has shown that pseudorutile has a world-wide distribution in detrital ilmenite-bearing heavy mineral deposits. The present work has confirmed its magnetic susceptibility and density. In addition pseudorutile is shown to be a magnetic spin glass with a peak susceptibility at 23 °K.Altered ilmenites, in which pseudorutile occurs as a secondary alteration product, display a range of chemical composition and magnetic susceptibility. The most highly magnetic fractions are not necessarily those containing the least-altered ilmenite, and in material from Capel, Western Australia, the most highly magnetic fractions were those containing grains of ferrimagnetic ferrian ilmenite.Quantitative X-ray diffraction has shown that West Australian altered ilmenite contains significant amounts of amorphous ilmenite, pseudorutile, and rutile. The magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic fractions of altered ilmenite from Capel, Western Australia, can be calculated from normative compositions based on chemical analyses.

Study of an Energetic-oxidant Co-crystal: Preparation, Characterisation, and Crystallisation Mechanism

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Gao ◽  
Wei Jiang ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Gazi Hao ◽  
Lei Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
Solvent Evaporation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

<p>An energetic co-crystal consisting of the most promising military explosive 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) and the most well-known oxidant applied in propellants ammonium perchlorate has been prepared with a simple solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the morphology of co-crystal differs greatly from each component. The X-ray diffraction spectrum, FTIR, Raman spectra, and differential scanning calorimetry characterisation further prove the formation of the co-crystal. The result of determination of hygroscopic rate indicated the hygroscopicity was effectively reduced. At last, the crystallisation mechanism has been discussed.</p>

Competitive Growth of ZnO and ZnS Micro-Nano Structures

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1574-1578
Author(s):  
Wei Wei He ◽  
Jun Sang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Hong Xiao Zhao ◽  
Hui Min Jia
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Nanostructures ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
Competitive Growth ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Facile Hydrothermal Method ◽  
Photo Degradation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nano Structures ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Zno Semiconductor

In this paper, a facile hydrothermal method has been developed for preparation of micro/nano structures of ZnS microspheres and ZnO microrods. The morphologies and crystalline structures were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD). In the co-existence of cysteine and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA), we observed the competitive growth of ZnS and ZnO microstructures, and found that higher temperature was benefited for the formation of ZnS structures. This method may be applied for synthesis of other metal compound micro-nano structures with other metal ions. ZnS and ZnO semiconductor nanostructures as often-used photo-catalyst, we also compared their catalytical activity toward to the photo-degradation of methylene blue.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous Al2O3: Influences of pH Values and Aluminum Precursors

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 396-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Glucose Water ◽  
Sulfate Crystal ◽  
Aluminum Precursors

The influences of pH values and aluminum precursors of “glucose-water-aluminum salt” reaction system on the hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous Al2O3 were investigated. With the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron diffraction spectrum (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) characterizations, we found that, under hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C for 20 h, aluminum nitrate (Al(NO3)3) could be used as the precursor to synthesize the spherical flower-like Al2O3 by using the synthesis solutions with different pH values in a certain scope; using aluminum chloride (AlCl3) as precursor, we can only get a small amount of Al2O3 composed of micro-spheres and sheets; while adopting aluminum sulfate (Al2(SO4)3) as precursor, a small amount of cubic-shape aluminum sulfate crystal can be obtained.

Study on Photocatalytic Properties of Vanadium Doped Rutile TiO2

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Dao Xin Wu ◽  
Hai Xia Tong ◽  
Chang Bin Xia
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescence Spectra ◽  
Diffuse Reflection ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Tetrabutyl Titanate ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photodegradation Efficiency ◽  
Rutile Titania

Vanadium doped rutile titania was prepared by low temperature hydrolysis using Tetrabutyl titanate as raw material. Powers were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD)、diffuse reflection spectra(DRS)、fluorescence spectra (FS). At 1073K, Doped concentration have been in a certain range, Vanadiumcould be doped into the lattice of rutile TiO2in the way of replacement, which would cause no change in rutile TiO2crystalline state with sunlight as the light source, pH=6.0, catalyst concentration was 1.0g.L-1, concentration of methyl orange was 5.0mg.L-1. It has been shown that Vanadium doped TiO2powders(1.0%,1073K) has been the most photodegradation efficiency, and the degradation efficiency was 97.2% after 6h.

Viscosity and Structure of KDP Aqueous Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 1776-1782
Author(s):  
Yu Lin Wu ◽  
Yi Su ◽  
Yao Liu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Empirical Formula ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Solution Viscosity ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fitting In ◽  
Kdp Crystals

The corresponding relationship among KDP solution viscosity, concentration and temperature was researched respectively, to explore the empirical formula of the viscosity of KDP solution. The experimental results showed that the viscosity increased with the increase of ionic strength and reciprocal of temperature. Viscosity had exponent relation to ionic strength and reciprocal of temperature, fitting in well with the empirical formula: See formula in paper. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that with the increasing amount of KDP, a new peak emerging in the diffraction spectrum accorded with molecular structure of KDP crystals, and some peaks which accorded with the structural features of water molecules gradually disappeared. It showed that with the increase of the amount of KDP, the internal structure of KDP solution had changed.

Optical and Structural Properties of PVP/Bi2S3 Nanoparticles by Chemical Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 248-252
Author(s):  
K. Kavi Rasu ◽  
Dhandapani Vishnushankar ◽  
V. Veeravazhuthi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ir Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Uv Visible

Bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) and Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) encapsulated Bi2S3 Nanoparticles are synthesized from aqueous solutions at room temperature. Synthesized samples are subjected to UV-Visible Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDAX), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and FT-IR studies and their results are compared. X-ray diffraction spectrum reveals the crystalline nature of the synthesized samples. Grain size value of PVP/ Bi2S3 nanoparticles show a decrease when compared to Bi2S3 nanoparticles and this ensures the good encapsulant effect of PVP on Bi2S3 nanoparticles. SEM images show that all the particles in the synthesized sample are nearly equal in size. From the TEM image we conclude that the particle size lies between 30nm to 70nm. Finally the samples are subjected to EDAX studies for determining their composition.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Bioactive Silver Nanoparticles by a Pseudomonas Strain Associated with the Antarctic Psychrophilic Protozoon Euplotes focardii

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Sindhura John ◽  
Joseph Amruthraj Nagoth ◽  
Kesava Priyan Ramasamy ◽  
Alessio Mancini ◽  
Gabriele Giuli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Antarctic Marine ◽  
Distinctive Property ◽  
Crystalline Nature ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Antarctic

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by microorganisms recently gained a greater interest due to its potential to produce them in various sizes and morphologies. In this study, for AgNP biosynthesis, we used a new Pseudomonas strain isolated from a consortium associated with the Antarctic marine ciliate Euplotes focardii. After incubation of Pseudomonas cultures with 1 mM of AgNO3 at 22 °C, we obtained AgNPs within 24 h. Scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed spherical polydispersed AgNPs in the size range of 20–70 nm. The average size was approximately 50 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) showed the presence of a high intensity absorption peak at 3 keV, a distinctive property of nanocrystalline silver products. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy found the presence of a high amount of AgNP-stabilizing proteins and other secondary metabolites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a face-centred cubic (fcc) diffraction spectrum with a crystalline nature. A comparative study between the chemically synthesized and Pseudomonas AgNPs revealed a higher antibacterial activity of the latter against common nosocomial pathogen microorganisms, including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. This study reports an efficient, rapid synthesis of stable AgNPs by a new Pseudomonas strain with high antimicrobial activity.

A Direct Phasing Electron Image of Oxygen Atoms in a Ga-In-Sn-O Ceramic

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1057-1058
Author(s):  
W. Sinkler ◽  
L. D. Marks ◽  
D. Edwards ◽  
T. O. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Rietveld Refinement ◽  
Power Spectra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Phase Object ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Focus Image ◽  
Electron Image ◽  
Diffraction Effects ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

In solving complex inorganic structures, often the greatest challenge is to obtain good initial atom positions for Rietveld refinement using x-ray diffraction intensities. In this work, a technique is presented which combines direct phasing with HRTEM and exploits dynamical diffraction effects to obtain an image of oxygen atoms. The technique was used in the structure determination of a monoclinic (Ga0.7In0.3)2SnO5 phase to provide accurate first-guess positions for oxygen atoms for subesquent Rietveld refinement.The solution of the cation positions of the structure relied on HRTEM images. The image in Fig. 1, taken along the crystal’s short b-axis, has a defocus of approximately -50 nm based on the locations of minima in a weak amorphous component in the power spectra of the through-focus image series. Because this is near Scherzer defocus, one expects dark areas of the image to correspond a large projected potential (making the weak phase object approximation). This was used to get successful initial cation positions for a Rietveld refinement of powder x-ray diffraction data. The final refined structure is shown in Fig. 2, including the oxygen positions.

High-temperature powder x-ray diffraction of yttria to melting point

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Swamy ◽  
N. A. Dubrovinskaya ◽  
L. S. Dubrovinsky
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Unit Cell Parameter ◽  
Cell Parameter ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Diffraction Spectrum ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Thermal Expansion Data ◽  
X Ray

Powder x-ray diffraction data of yttria (Y2O3) were obtained from room temperature to melting point with the thin wire resistance heating technique. A solid-state phase transition was observed at 2512 ± 25 K and melting of the high-uemperature phase at 2705 ± 25 K. Thermal expansion data for α–Y2O3 (C-type) are given for the range 298–2540 K. The unit cell parameter increases nonlinearly, especially just before the solid-state transition. The x-ray diffraction spectrum of the high-temperature phase is consistent with the fluorite-type structure (space group Fm3) with a refined unit cell parameter a = 5.3903(6) Å at 2530 K. The sample recrystallized rapidly above 2540 K, and above 2730 K, all the diffraction lines and spots disappeared from the x-ray diffraction spectrum that suggests complete melting.

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