Study on Surface Metallurgy High Speed Steel Using Double Glow Plasma Technique

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1708-1711
Author(s):  
Jin Yong Xu ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Mei Fa Huang ◽  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Zhong Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Alloyed Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Surface Carbide ◽  
Glow Plasma ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

Mo-Cr diffusion layer on carbon steels are prepared by double glow plasma surface metallurgy and then treated by ultra-saturated carbonization, quenching and tempering. The content of component is roughly that of high-speed steels (HSS). The results showed that the depth of coating is over 100μm and the content of Mo, Cr alloyed layer is about 20% and 10% respectively. Surface carbon content is over 2.0% after ultra-saturated carbonization. The carbides of the alloyed layer are fine and dispersed, without coarse eutectic ledeburite. X-ray diffraction showed that the carbides are M6C, M2C, M23C6 etc. SEM analyse indicated that the dimension of surface carbide is less 1μm. The abrasion experimental results showed that the relative wear resistance of the treated sample was 2.38 times as that of quenched GCr15.

Hardening of Selective Laser Melted M2 Steel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Yishu Zhang ◽  
Haoxing You ◽  
Richard Smith ◽  
Richard D. Sisson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Steel Part ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Near Net Shape

Abstract Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing technique that can be used to make the near-net-shape metal parts. M2 is a high-speed steel widely used in cutting tools, which is due to its high hardness of this steel. Conventionally, the hardening heat treatment process, including quenching and tempering, is conducted to achieve the high hardness for M2 wrought parts. It was debated if the hardening is needed for additively manufactured M2 parts. In the present work, the M2 steel part is fabricated by SLM. It is found that the hardness of as-fabricated M2 SLM parts is much lower than the hardened M2 wrought parts. The characterization was conducted including X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to investigate the microstructure evolution of as-fabricated, quenched, and tempered M2 SLM part. The M2 wrought part was heat-treated simultaneously with the SLM part for comparison. It was found the hardness of M2 SLM part after heat treatment is increased and comparable to the wrought part. Both quenched and tempered M2 SLM and wrought parts have the same microstructure, while the size of the carbides in the wrought part is larger than that in the SLM part.

The Effect of Magnetron Co-Sputtering Parameters on the Microhardness of TiZrN Thin Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 407-410
Author(s):  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Wei Qin ◽  
Guo Dong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Mixed Crystals ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Doping Amount ◽  
X Ray

TiZrN thin films have been prepared on high speed steel by using magnetron sputtering. Doping amounts of Zr were adjusted by changing the sputtering time of the Zr target. X-ray diffraction analyses show that TiZrN coatings consist of mixed crystals of TiN, TiZrN phases. The film microhardness first increases and then decreases with the increasing of Zr doping amount. With the same Zr doping amount, the microhardness of the samples will improve with the increasing of doping times.

Influence of nitrogen implantation on the properties of Ti and substoichiometric TiNx films deposited on high speed steel

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2117-2122 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. Rodrigo ◽  
C. Jiménez ◽  
L. Váquez ◽  
F. Alonso ◽  
M. Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Reactive Sputtering ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nitrogen Implantation ◽  
X Ray

Ti and TiNx (x < 1) thin films have been deposited on high speed steel (HSS) substrates by reactive sputtering and then N+ implanted. The increase of the N/Ti ratio of the films during deposition is related to a decrease in their roughness, and N+ implantation produces another additional slight decrease of the roughness. The hardness of samples increases with the nitrogen content in the as-deposited samples; nevertheless, N+-implanted Ti coatings show lower values of hardness than reactive sputtered TiNx films. α–Ti, ε–Ti2N, and δ–TiN phases were identified by grazing x-ray diffraction.

Analysis on Residual Stress in TiN Coating with Different Thicknesses

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 1306-1311
Author(s):  
Chuan Liang Cao ◽  
Xiang Lin Zhang ◽  
Hai Yang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Phase Variation ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Tin Coatings

TiN coating is often coated on fine blanking tools made of with the powder metallurgy high speed steel S790 by Multi-arc ion plating. The phase variation, residual stress and microhardness of TiN coatings were respectively analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction(XRD) and Vickers hardness tester in this research. The result shows that: there is obvious preferred orientation in the crystal surface (1 1 1) and (2 2 2) of TiN coating, the residual stress of TiN coating ranges from -2 347 MPa to -1 920 MPa, and that of the substrate from -154.9 MPa to -69.21 MPa, both of which decrease with the increasing of coating thickness. The TiN coating on the S790 substrate was annealed at temperature 500°C for one hour. It was revealed that the stress state of TiN coating was better and thus the properties of the TiN coating were improved.

In-situ Investigation during Tempering of a High Speed Steel with X-ray Diffraction

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Wießner ◽  
Siegfried Kleber ◽  
Alfred Kulmburg
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Investigation

An Overview of the Microstructures Present in High-Speed Steel -Carbides Crystallography

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 48-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Serna ◽  
Edilson Rosa Barbarosa Jesus ◽  
E. Galego ◽  
Luís Gallego Martinez ◽  
H.P.S. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
First Principles ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Spray Forming ◽  
Steel Matrix ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

The aim of the work was to prepare an overview about the microstructures present in high-speed steel, focused on the crystallography of the carbides. High-speed steels are currently obtained by casting, powder metallurgy and more recently spray forming. High-speed steels have a high hardness resulting from a microstructure, which consists of a steel matrix (martensite and ferrite), in which embedded carbides of different crystal structure, chemical composition, morphology and size, exist. These carbides are commonly named MxC, where M represents one or more metallic atoms. These carbides can be identified by X-ray diffraction considering M as a unique metallic atom. In this work, it is discussed, in basis of the first principles of physics crystallography, the validation of this identification when it is considered that other atoms in the structure are substitutional. Further, it is discussed some requirements for data acquisition that allows the Rietveld refinement to be applied on carbide crystallography and phase amount determination.

Diffusion and Transformation of Eutectic Carbides in High-Speed Steels during Heat Treatment

2009 ◽  
Vol 283-286 ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Chaus ◽  
Matej Beznák
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Final Heat Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eutectic Carbides ◽  
Structure And Phase Transformations ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

The structure and phase composition of high-speed steels of different grades after casting, annealing, and subsequent final heat treatment (quenching and tempering) have been studied focusing on diffusion processes. In order to investigate kinetics of both the structure and phase transformations in eutectic carbides upon heat treatments, different techniques of optical microscopy, electron microscopy (both scanning and transmission ones), X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis have been used.

Diffusion and Structural Changes in High-Speed Steels Alloyed with Boron

2009 ◽  
Vol 283-286 ◽  
pp. 279-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Chaus
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Final Heat Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Eutectic Carbides ◽  
Structure And Phase Transformations ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Quenching And Tempering

The structure and phase composition of high-speed steels of different grades additionally alloyed with boron after casting, annealing, and subsequent final heat treatment (quenching and tempering) have been studied focusing on diffusion processes. In order to investigate kinetics of both the structure and phase transformations in eutectic carbides upon heat treatments, different techniques of optical microscopy, electron microscopy (both scanning and transmission ones), X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis have been used.

Development of the Chromium-Rich High-Speed Steel: As-Cast Microstructure

2020 ◽  
Vol 400 ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Alexander S. Chaus ◽  
Martin Sahul ◽  
Róbert Sobota
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Matrix Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alloying Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alloying System ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Cast Microstructure

The present study has been undertaken to replace W by Cr in as-cast HSSs using B as alloying element. For this reason, a special alloying system was suggested. The basic steel containing approximately 12 wt. % of Cr was alloyed with B, V, V and Mo in different proportions. The microstructure of the steels was studied using electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. It was shown that the matrix structure, as well as the origin and morphology of the carbides or carboborides formed during solidification greatly depended on the alloy chemical composition.

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