Apatite-Forming Ability of Organic-Inorganic Hybrids Prepared from Calcium Silicate and Glucomannan

So-called bioactive ceramics are used for bone-repairing owing to attractive features such as direct bone-bonding in living body. However, there is limitation on clinical applications due to their inappropriate mechanical properties performances such as higher brittleness and lower fracture toughness than natural bone. To overcome this problem, hybrid materials have been developed by modification of calcium silicate, that is basic component of bioactive ceramics, with organic polymer. It is known that bioactive ceramics bond to bone through bone-like apatite layer which is formed on their surfaces by chemical reaction with body fluid. We attempted preparation of bioactive organic-inorganic hybrids from Glucomannan that is a kind of complex polysaccharide, and calcium silicate. Hybrids were prepared from glucomannan and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS). They were treated with 1M (=mol·m-3) CaCl2 aqueous solution for 24 hours. Then ability of apatite formation on the hybrids was examined in vitro using simulated body fluid (SBF, Kokubo solution). Surface structure of the specimens was examined by thin-film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation. The hybrids with TEOS:Glucomannan= 1:1 to 4:1 in mass ratio formed the apatite in SBF within 3 or 7 d, when they were previously treated with CaCl2 solution.

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In vitro apatite formation on organic polymers modified with a silane coupling reagent

Journal of The Royal Society Interface ◽

10.1098/rsif.2005.0048 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 335-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Yuki Shirosaki ◽

Masaaki Kubo ◽

Seisuke Takashima ◽

Kanji Tsuru ◽

Satoshi Hayakawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Density Polyethylene ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Contact Angles ◽

Organic Polymer ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Organic Polymers ◽

Coupling Reagent ◽

Silane Coupling

γ-Methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (γ-MPS) was grafted to high-density polyethylene, polyamide and silicone rubber substrates by the emulsion polymerization procedure in order to provide these organic polymers with in vitro apatite-forming ability. The contact angles towards distilled water of the γ-MPS-grafted specimens were lower than those of the original organic polymer specimens, indicating that the grafted substrates were more hydrophilic. The in vitro apatite formation in a simulated body fluid (Kokubo solution) was confirmed for several of the γ-MPS-grafted specimens.

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A Study of Bone-Like Apatite Formation on β-TCP/PLLA Scaffold in Static and Dynamic Simulated Body Fluid

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.483 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 330-332 ◽

pp. 483-486

Author(s):

Yun Qing Kang ◽

Guang Fu Yin ◽

Ke Feng Wang ◽

Lin Luo ◽

Li Liao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Composite Scaffold ◽

Pore Wall ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Good Ability ◽

Ft Ir

The ability of apatite to form on the surface of biomaterials in simulated body fluid (SBF) has been widely used to predict the bone-bonding ability of bioceramic and bioceramic/polymer composites in vivo. Porous β-tricalcium phosphate/poly(L-lactic acid) (β-TCP/PLLA) composite scaffold was synthesized by new method. The ability of inducing calcium phosphate (Ca-P) formation was compared in static simulated body fluid(sSBF) and dynamic simulated body fluid (dSBF). The Ca-P morphology and crystal structures were identified using SEM, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The results showed that the typical features of bone-like apatite formation on the surface and the inner pore wall of β-TCP/PLLA. Ca-P formation on scaffold surfaces in dSBF occurred slower than in sSBF and was more difficult with increasing flow rate of dSBF. The ability of apatite to form on β-TCP/PLLA was enhanced by effect of each other that has different degradable mechanism. Porous β-TCP/PLLA composite scaffold indicates good ability of Ca-P formation in vitro.

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In Vitro Bioactivity of Composite of Nanophase Titania/Bioactive Glass-Ceramic in Simulated Body Fluid

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.288-289.171 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 288-289 ◽

pp. 171-174

Author(s):

Hui Wang ◽

Bang Cheng Yang ◽

Qi Feng Yu ◽

Dayi Wu ◽

Xing Dong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Simulated Body Fluid ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Glass Ceramic ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Biomechanical Compatibility

Titania ceramics is lack of bone-bonding ability even if it has excellent biocompatibility. Recently, it is even found that the nanophase titania ceramics could enhance the proliferation of osteoblasts. If the bone-bonding ability of this material is improved, it would be a potential bone replacement material. Bioactive glass-ceramic (BGC) is provided with the best bioactivity in biomaterials. In this study, the apatite formation ability and the mechanic properties of titania ceramic were investigated by the accession of BGC. Four samples: TiO2 ceramic, TiO2 +10%BGC, TiO2 +20%BGC and BGC were prepared respectively. These ceramics were exposed to a simulated body fluid (SBF) for 7, 14 and 21d. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDX) and thin film X-ray diffraction (TF-XRD) results showed that the apatite formation of the ceramics was improved by adding BGC into nanophase titania ceramic. The mechanical analysis showed the biomechanical compatibility was also improved by adding BGC into nanophase titania ceramic.

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Apatite Formation on Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Containing Sulfonic Group

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.725 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 284-286 ◽

pp. 725-728 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Toshiki Miyazaki ◽

Moriyoshi Imamura ◽

Eiichi Ishida ◽

Masahiro Ashizuka ◽

Chikara Ohtsuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Polymer ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

Acrylic Polymer ◽

Sulfonic Group ◽

Essential Condition ◽

Living Body ◽

Artificial Materials ◽

Acid Sodium Salt ◽

Bone Repairing

Apatite formation in living body is essential condition for artificial materials to exhibit bone-bonding ability, i.e. bioactivity. It has been recently revealed that sulfonic group triggers apatite nucleation in body environment. Organic-inorganic hybrids consisting of organic polymer and the sulfonic group are therefore expected to be useful for novel bone-repairing materials exhibiting flexibility as well as bioactivity. In the present study, organic-inorganic hybrids were prepared from vinylsulfonic acid sodium salt and hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA), a kind of acrylic polymer. Bioactivity of the hybrids was assessed in vitro by examining their acceptance of apatite formation in simulated body fluid (SBF, Kokubo solution). The obtained hybrids showed the apatite deposition after soaking in SBF within 7 d.

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A study on using expanded perlite with hydroxyapatite: Reinforced bio-composites

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part H Journal of Engineering in Medicine ◽

10.1177/0954411921996565 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095441192199656

Author(s):

Erdoğan Karip ◽

Mehtap Muratoğlu

Keyword(s):

Body Fluid ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Cold Isostatic Pressing ◽

Expanded Perlite ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Pressing Method ◽

X Ray ◽

Infra Red ◽

Ft Ir

People are exposed to different kinds of diseases or various accidents in life. Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely employed for bone treatment applications. In this study, HA was extracted from sheep bones. Bio-composites were doped with 1, 5, and 10 wt.% of expanded perlite and 5 wt.% of ZrO2–MgO-P2O5. The bio-composites were prepared by the cold isostatic pressing method (250 MPa) and sintered at 900°C for 1 h. In order to evaluate the characteristics of the bio-composites, microhardness, density, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses were carried out on them. Additionally, the specimens whose characteristics were determined were kept in synthetic body fluid (SBF), and their in vitro behavior was examined. As a result, it was observed that microhardness increased as both the weight and the grain size of the expanded perlite were increased. Calcium silicate, tri-calcium phosphate, and hydroxyapatite were observed in the XRD analysis of all samples, and the formation of apatite structures was increased by addition of ZrO2–MgO–P2O5.

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THE STUDY ON GRANTING BIOACTIVITY OF Ti ALLOY BY SURFACE TREATMENT

Surface Review and Letters ◽

10.1142/s0218625x1001362x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 17 (02) ◽

pp. 153-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

N. R. HA ◽

Z. X. YANG ◽

G. C. KIM ◽

K. H. HWANG ◽

D. S. SEO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Body Fluid ◽

Surface Effect ◽

In Vitro Test ◽

Ti Alloy ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Chemical Surface ◽

Vitro Test

Titanium alloys are superior of biocompatibility, mechanical properties and chemical stability. The biocompatibility of Ti alloy is related to the surface effect between human tissue and implant. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the bioactivity of Ti alloy by alkali and acid chemical surface treatment; and the biocompatibility of Ti alloy was evaluated by in vitro test. Higher bone-bonding ability and bioactivity of the substrate were obtained by the formation of apatite layers on the Ti alloy in simulated body fluid. The microstructures of apatite layer were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the formed phases were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD).

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Synthesis, characterization and formulation of sodium calcium silicate bioceramic for drug delivery applications

Science and Engineering of Composite Materials ◽

10.1515/secm-2014-0057 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 375-380

Author(s):

P. Manohar Reddy ◽

Ravy Lakshmi ◽

Febin Prabhu Dass ◽

Swamiappan Sasikumar

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Calcium Silicate ◽

Release Kinetics ◽

Release Profile ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Drug Release Profile ◽

Sodium Calcium ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Model Drug

AbstractSodium calcium silicate (Na2CaSiO4) is a bioactive silicate with Na2O, CaO and SiO2 as its basic components, which is similar to that of the composition of bioactive glasses. In the present study, pure sodium calcium silicate was synthesized by rapid combustion technique, and the synthesized sample was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction to check the phase purity. The scaffolds were prepared by varying the ratio of sodium calcium silicate and polyvinyl alcohol, and the apatite-formation ability of the scaffolds was examined by soaking them in a simulated body fluid. The results revealed the formation of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the scaffold after 5 days, which is found to be rapid when compared with the bioactivity of the calcium silicates and calcium magnesium silicates. The scaffolds were also loaded with ciprofloxacin as a model drug and analyzed for its drug release profile using UV spectrophotometer. The release profile did not vary with the change in bioceramic-to-biopolymer ratio, and 60% of the drug was released in 10 days, which is within the appreciable range for a targeted drug delivery system. Moreover, the experimental and simulated values of the release kinetics were compared by applying the existing mathematical model.

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In vitro degradation and apatite formation of magnesium and zinc incorporated calcium silicate prepared by sol-gel method

Materials Technology ◽

10.1080/10667857.2020.1762352 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

J. Ma ◽

C. Z. Wang ◽

B. X. Huang ◽

X. C. Zhao ◽

C. Z. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Calcium Silicate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Apatite Formation ◽

In Vitro Degradation ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method

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Bioactive Composite Materials for Bone Tissue Applications

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.985 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 514-516 ◽

pp. 985-989

Author(s):

B.J.M. Leite Ferreira ◽

M.G.G.M. Duarte ◽

M. Helena Gil ◽

Rui N. Correia ◽

J. Román ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Bone Tissue ◽

Tissue Repair ◽

Body Fluid ◽

In Vitro Bioactivity ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Biodegradable Composite ◽

Scanning Electron

Two materials with potential application in bone tissue repair have been developed: 1) a non-biodegradable composite based in a new methacrylic-co-acrylic matrix; and 2) a biodegradable composite based in a chitosan (Ch) matrix. Both matrices were reinforced with glass-ceramic particles of composition (mol%) 70 SiO2 – 30 CaO. The in vitro bioactivity of composites was assessed by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF) for periods of up to 7 days at 37º C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were used for deposit identification after different soaking periods. Calcium phosphate particulate deposits were detected after 3 days of immersion, followed by growth and maturation towards apatite.

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