Phase Behaviors of Talc Minerals in Carbothermal Reduction Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Wen Juan Li ◽  
Zhao Hui Huang ◽  
Zi He Pan ◽  
Yan Gai Liu ◽  
Ming Hao Fang
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Phase Behaviors

In this paper, we focus on the phase behaviors of talc minerals by carbothermal reduction (CR) method. The effects of temperature and carbon addition are both discussed in our work. In the experiment, acid-leaching talc was employed as raw material, carbon coke powders were adopted as reducing agent. The XRD results show that: When acid-leaching talc was used as raw material, quartz and few enstatite can be obtained at 1300 °C, with the temperature increasing, the diffraction intensities of enstatite increased. At 1550 °C, enstatite transformed to magnesium silicate and obvious β-SiC can be detected. At 1600 °C, the main phases in the final product are magnesium silicate and β-SiC. The SEM results reveal that the preferred, as-fabricated silicon carbide has morphology of irregular shape. Relatively pure β-SiC can be obtained by using acid-leaching talc mixed together with excess 50% of theoretical quantity of carbon powder sintered at 1550 °C for 4 h.

scholarly journals Recycling of Alkaline Batteries via a Carbothermal Reduction Process

Batteries ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selçuk Yeşiltepe ◽  
Mehmet Buğdaycı ◽  
Onuralp Yücel ◽  
Mustafa Şeşen
Keyword(s):  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alkaline Batteries ◽  
Primary Battery ◽  
Battery Recycling ◽  
Steel Container ◽  
Manganese Monoxide

Primary battery recycling has important environmental and economic benefits. According to battery sales worldwide, the most used battery type is alkaline batteries with 75% of market share due to having a higher performance than other primary batteries such as Zn–MnO2. In this study, carbothermal reduction for zinc oxide from battery waste was completed for both vacuum and Ar atmospheres. Thermodynamic data are evaluated for vacuum and Ar atmosphere reduction reactions and results for Zn reduction/evaporation are compared via the FactSage program. Zn vapor and manganese oxide were obtained as products. Zn vapor was re-oxidized in end products; manganese monoxide and steel container of batteries are evaluated as ferromanganese raw material. Effects of carbon source, vacuum, temperature and time were studied. The results show a recovery of 95.1% Zn by implementing a product at 1150 °C for 1 h without using the vacuum. The residues were characterized by Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) methods.

Synthesis of Biomorphic Silicon Carbide from Wood

2008 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwok Cheung Li ◽  
Dickon H. L. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Wood Sample ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Sic Ceramics ◽  
Gel Technique

AbstractWe have successfully produced biomorphic SiC ceramics from silica-infiltrated wood samples of balsa (Ochroma pyramidale) and flame tree (Delonix regia). This conversion of wood sample to a structure of SiC was performed by a sol-gel technique and a carbothermal reduction process. The biomorphic products were confirmed containing β-SiC and their structures were replica of the original structures of the raw wood samples. The biomorphic products from the denser flame tree (C-SiC) had higher specific strength than that from the biomorphic product from balsa (SiC).

Preparation of TiC by carbothermal reduction in vacuum and acid leaching using blast furnace slag bearing titania

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilong Hu ◽  
Ruirui Wei ◽  
Zhengfeng Qu ◽  
Fangqing Yin ◽  
Yuzhou Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Acid Leaching ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
Bf Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag

AbstractA combined process of carbothermal reduction in vacuum and acid leaching is proposed to produce TiC from titanium bearing blast furnace (BF) slag from Pan Steel in Panzhihua city in China. Thermodynamics calculation shows that TiC can be obtained in the appropriate temperature and pressure range. Moreover, the results of the experiment indicate that TiC can be prepared by the combined process. The optimized parameters include particle size of original slag ideally below 200 mesh, reduction temperature of 1400°C, pressure of 1~10 Pa and mass ratio of slag and reduction (carbon powder) of 100/38. The x value in TiC

Synthesis of Silicon Carbide Powders from Iron Tailings

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 237-240
Author(s):  
Xiao Meng Zhang ◽  
Li Hua Xu ◽  
Hong Shun Hao ◽  
Jian Ying Yang ◽  
Fang He
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Carbon Addition ◽  
Argon Flow Rate ◽  
Argon Flow ◽  
Main Impurity

Silicon carbide powders were prepared by the carbothermal reduction method. The starting powders used were iron tailings and graphite. The XRD results showed that the main crystal phase was SiC and the main impurity was FexSiy in as-fabricated silicon carbide. The SEM results revealed that the grains of SiC-phase in as-fabricated silicon carbide were flaky-like or globular-like. It is found that the carbon addition and the reaction temperature play a key role to obtain SiC-phase, while the holding time and argon flow rate had a little effect on the yield of SiC as the excessive carbon addition are used. The optimum sintering temperature, holding time, argon flowing rate, the ratio of n(C): n(SiO2) are 1500 °C, 8 h, 0.6 L/min, 5:1, respectively.

Synthesis of 3C-silicon carbide 1D structures by carbothermal reduction process

2021 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 158243
Author(s):  
Mula Raju ◽  
Supriti Sen ◽  
Debasish Sarkar ◽  
Chacko Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process

scholarly journals Recovery of zinc from zinc oxide dust containing multiple metal elements by carbothermal reduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-49
Author(s):  
F.-G. Lei ◽  
M.-T. Li ◽  
C. Wei ◽  
Z.-G. Deng ◽  
X.-B. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Carbothermic Reduction ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Reduction Condition ◽  
Reduction Experiment ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Optimal Reduction

A carbothermal reduction process simulating EAF process is used to handle the zinc oxide dust, and the zinc in the dust can be extracted and recovered efficiently. The crude zinc and lead-tin alloy were obtained finally. The effects of temperature, holding time, and reductant dosage on zincvolatilization rate were investigated, and the ?Pelletizing -Calcination-Carbothermic reduction? experiment was conducted. The resultsfound the optimal reduction condition was as follows: the temperature of 1300?C, reductant dosage of 14.04% and holding time of 120 min. After the calcination at 900?C for 120 min, the removal rates of fluorine, chlorine and sulfur in the dust were 98.18%, 96.38% and 28.58% respectively, and the volatilization rate of zinc was 99.83% in reduction process. The zinc content of the crude zinc was 68.48%.

Phases Transformation of Boron Mud during Carbothermal Reduction Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 415-418
Author(s):  
Xiao Chao Li ◽  
Zhao Hui Huang ◽  
Yang Gai Liu ◽  
Ming Hao Fang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Firing Temperature ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Partial Reduction ◽  
Graphite Content ◽  
Compound Powder ◽  
Boron Mud

By using the industrial waste boron mud as raw material, graphite as reductant, coke particles as burying materials. During carbothermal reduction process, the Mg-Fe forsterite phase in boron mud row materials can transformed into forsterite and Fe2O3 at 1550°C and 1600°C for 3 h, and the Fe3C can be generated from the partial reduction of Fe2O3 with graphite, The main phase in samples calcined under 1650°C for 3 h contained forsterite, Fe2O3, Fe3C and β-SiC. The compound powder of Mg2SiO4 and β-SiC was prepared through the carbothermal reduction process. The effects of different graphite proportion (theoretical proportion, exceeding 10%, 50% and 100%) and firing temperature (1550°C, 1600°C and 1650°C) on the phase transformation and microstructure of the products were investigated by XRD, SEM and EDS. The results show that β-SiC powders were obtained at 1650°C for 3 h when graphite content was theoretical.

scholarly journals Calculation Model for Activity of FeO in Quaternary Slag System SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-FeO

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Li ◽  
Guojun Ma ◽  
Mengke Liu ◽  
Jingjing Zou
Keyword(s):  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Slag System ◽  
Copper Slag ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Al2o3 Content ◽  
Coexistence Theory ◽  
Slag Structure ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

According to the coexistence theory of slag structure, a calculation model for the activity of FeO in the quaternary system SiO2-CaO-Al2O3-FeO of depleted copper slag was established. The model was used to calculate and analyze the effects of temperature (T), basicity (B), and Al2O3 content on the activity of FeO (NFeO). The results show that temperature has little impact on NFeO. With increased basicity, NFeO first increased slightly, then increased sharply, and finally decreased. It is easier for CaO to combine with SiO2 than FeO to form calcium silicate, which replaces FeO in 2FeO·SiO2 and increases NFeO. However, when basicity is higher than 2.0, CaO not only reacts with SiO2, but also combines with FeO to form calcium ferrate compounds to decrease NFeO. In addition, the activity of FeO decreases with increased Al2O3 content because of the reaction between CaO and Al2O3. The results can be used as a theoretical basis to guide the carbothermal reduction process of copper slag.

Effect of Temperature on the Phase Behaviors of Zircon by Carbothermal Reduction-Nitridation

2011 ◽  
Vol 492 ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Yin ◽  
Zhao Hui Huang ◽  
You Guo Xu ◽  
Yue Tong Li ◽  
Yang Gai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy ◽  
Carbothermal Reduction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Phase Behaviors

Phase behaviors of zircon at different temperatures via carbothermal reduction-nitridation were investigated in this study. By using zircon as raw material, with carbon coke as reducing agent, the influence of reaction temperatures (1450, 1500, 1550 and 1600 °C, respectively) on phase behaviors and microstructure of the products was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results shows that by carbothermal reduction-nitridation, the main phases in the final products of zircon are m-ZrO2, c-ZrO2, β-SiC, ZrN and β-Si3N4at different temperatures for 4 hours.

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