An Upsetting - Ironing Type Tribo-Meter for Evaluating Tribological Performance of Lubrication Coatings for Cold Forging

2013 ◽  
Vol 535-536 ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Hirose ◽  
Zhi Gang Wang ◽  
Shinobu Komiyama
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Complex Shape ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Lubrication Performance ◽  
Processing Modes ◽  
Surface Expansion ◽  
The Difference

In recent years, many attempts are being made to develop new lubrication coatings for cold forging. In general, an alternative coating is designed based on the results of the evaluation methods that simulate the frictional condition of cold forging. Various evaluation methods have been proposed and used to design an alternative coating according to the processing purpose. However a lot of parts are manufactured by the multistage forging machine such as parts forming machine, complex shape being produced recently by combined processing. A lubrication coating in such an environment is exposed to repeatedly in a variety of processing modes, and received serious damage. At present the performance of an alternative coating isn’t enough to satisfy needs of market in such a multistep forging. Development of lubricant that can satisfy such demands needs a new evaluation method. This comes the purpose of this study. An newly devised tribometer consists of an ironing process after upsetting process. We designed this test method by using finite element(FE) analysis. In upsetting, damage to the lubrication coating is given by the expansion of free surface. In ironing, the performance of lubrication coating destroyed by upsetting is evaluated. By using the upsetting-ironing type tribometer, the lubrication performance under a large surface expansion and a high pressure can be evaluated. In addition, the degree of coating damage can be adjusted by changing upset ratio and height of billet. The difference in the lubrication performance of the bonderised and the prototype alternative coating was examined by this evaluation method.

Evaluation Methods Research Based on the Concrete with Rheological Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 170-175
Author(s):  
Jia Chao Lin ◽  
Yu Xin Gao ◽  
Wei Qin Li ◽  
Xiong Wu ◽  
Yi Xiong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Test Method ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Concrete Quality

As the high-rise building springs, pumping height of concrete becomes higher, which leads to futility of common property indexes to evaluate the concrete pumpability. This paper proposed a test method on concrete rheological properties to quantize its pumpability and established evaluation method on concrete pumpability to make some exploration regarding the scientifically reasonable control on concrete quality.

scholarly journals A Study on the Application of Coordinated TOPSIS in Evaluation of Robotics Academic Journals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Yu ◽  
Wenhua Yang ◽  
Yunlong Duan ◽  
Xinwen Long
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Topsis Method ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Purpose Of Evaluation

While TOPSIS is a widely used evaluation method, it lacks evaluation from the perspective of indicator coordination. Based on the analysis of TOPSIS evaluation methods, this paper proposes a new assessment method, coordinated TOPSIS, which takes into account the advantages of TOPSIS evaluation methods and the coordination level of evaluation indicators. Taking the robotics academic journals as an example, the TOPSIS evaluation and the coordinated TOPSIS evaluation results are compared. The research shows that the weights of the coordinated TOPSIS method can be manually adjusted according to the purpose of evaluation and have a good flexibility; the TOPSIS evaluation results and coordinated TOPSIS evaluation results have a high degree of correlation, but the difference from the perspective of the ranking is big; the coordinated TOPSIS is very suitable for evaluation field that needs to consider the coordinated development, and it can be replicated.

Robust Test Method of TSOP PEMs for Space Application

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Iwai ◽  
Koichi Shinozaki ◽  
Daiki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reliability Evaluation ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Thermal Shock Test ◽  
Space Application ◽  
Space Applications ◽  
Limit Test ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Compared with space parts, consumer parts are highly functional, low cost, compact and lightweight. Therefore, their increased usage in space applications is expected. Prior testing and evaluation on space applicability are necessary because consumer parts do not have quality guarantees for space application [1]. However, in the conventional reliability evaluation method, the test takes a long time, and the problem is that the robustness of the target sample can’t be evaluated in a short time. In this report, we apply to the latest TSOP PEM (Thin Small Outline Package Plastic Encapsulated Microcircuit) an evaluation method that combines preconditioning and HALT (Highly Accelerated Limit Test), which is a test method that causes failures in a short time under very severe environmental conditions. We show that this method can evaluate the robustness of TSOP PEMs including solder connections in a short time. In addition, the validity of this evaluation method for TSOP PEM is shown by comparing with the evaluation results of thermal shock test and life test, which are conventional reliability evaluation methods.

Difference in taste of Japanese sugars

2015 ◽  
pp. 624-627
Author(s):  
Kiyoaki Miyasaka ◽  
Mizuki Mutsuura ◽  
Kohei Miyazaki ◽  
Masahiro Okuno ◽  
Masami Mizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
New Products ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
White Crystal ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Light Brown Crystal ◽  
Brown Crystal ◽  
Home Cooking ◽  
The Difference

Japanese traditional cuisine “Washoku” was registered as one of the intangible cultural heritages in December 2013. “Washoku” contains and requires large amount of sugar, therefore, sugar is an important seasoning in taste. Japanese have been using many kinds of sugar such as Granulated sugar, White soft sugar, Brown soft sugar, White crystal sugar and Light brown crystal sugar according to application, for both home cooking and processed foods. Mitsui Sugar is focusing on the difference in taste of sugars to develop new attractive sugar products. With a sensory evaluation method, trained panelists could recognize the difference between these sugars though it is quite difficult to explain. Therefore one attempte624-627d to detect the taste difference in these sugars by using a taste sensing system. The system comes with a human taste model membrane and can analyze the density and balance of several tastes such as sweetness, bitterness, umami** and saltiness. The accuracy of the sensing system was evaluated by comparing the results against the sensory evaluation method by trained panelists. The sensing system was able to detect the difference in taste of Japanese sugars, and the results from the sensing system seemed to match with the ones from the sensory evaluation method. The results were plotted on a taste map. This map will be helpful not only in showing the difference between the sugars, but also in explaining the characteristics of the new products.

scholarly journals On the Fictitious Grease Lubrication Performance in a Four-Ball Tester

Lubricants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Sravan K. Joysula ◽  
Anshuman Dube ◽  
Debdutt Patro ◽  
Deepak Halenahally Veeregowda
Keyword(s):  
Critical Factor ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Grease Lubrication ◽  
Additive Package ◽  
Variable Frequency Drive ◽  
Lubrication Performance

The extreme pressure (EP) behavior of grease is related to its additives that can prevent seizure. However, in this study following ASTM D2596 four-ball test method, the EP behavior of greases was modified without any changes to its additive package. A four-ball tester with position encoders and variable frequency drive system was used to control the speed ramp up time or delay in motor speed to demonstrate higher grease weld load and lower grease friction that were fictitious. A tenth of a second delay in speed ramp up time had showed an increase in the weld load from 7848 N to 9810 N for grease X and 6082 N to 9810 N for grease Y. Further increase in the speed ramp up time to 0.95 s showed that the greases passed the maximum load of 9810 N that was possible in the four-ball tester without seizure. The mechanism can be related to the delay in rise of local temperature to reach the melting point of steel required for full seizure or welding, that was theoretically attributed to an increase in heat loss as the speed ramp-up time was increased. Furthermore, the speed ramp up time increased the corrected load for grease X and Y. This resulted in lower friction for grease X and Y. This fictitious low friction can be attributed to decrease in surface roughness at higher extreme pressure or higher corrected load. This study suggests that speed ramp up time is a critical factor that should be further investigated by ASTM and grease manufacturers, to prevent the use of grease with fictitious EP behavior.

Research and Evaluation of Bionics Shape Design Based on Cases

2014 ◽  
Vol 551 ◽  
pp. 621-625
Author(s):  
Nan Chu Guo
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Shape Design ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Ideal Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Fuzzy Evaluation

The paper proposes an ideal approach of shape design by using shape evaluation methods accurately. The paper proposes and tests the comprehensive fuzzy evaluation method using a case of two clips based on genetic algorithm and quantitative methods. By using this evaluation method, the shape details of a product could be improved gradually.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Construction of a Climate Resilient City: An Empirical Study Based on the Difference in Differences Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2082
Author(s):  
Zifeng Liang
Keyword(s):  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Climate Resilience ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Facing climate risks has become a common problem for mankind and a topic of great importance for the Chinese government. To thoroughly implement the overall requirements for the construction of an ecological civilization and effectively improve the capacity of cities to adapt to climate change, China launched the pilot construction of “Climate Resilient Cities” in 2017. In this paper, 16 prefecture level cities in Anhui Province of China were selected as the research objects, and the multi-level grey system evaluation method was used to measure the climate resilience of these regions. We used the difference in differences method to evaluate the effect of the pilot policy of “Climate Resilient Cities.” The pilot policies of the “Climate Resilient Cities” showed a significant contribution to the regional climate resilience, and, after isolating the impact of other factors on the regional climate resilience, the pilot policies of the “Climate Resilient Cities” increased the climate resilience of the pilot cities by four percentage points. The pilot policies of the “Climate Resilient Cities” had a significant contribution to the urban infrastructure development and ecological space optimization, as well as non-significant impacts to the urban water security, emergency management capacity-building, and science and technology innovation initiatives.

Based on the Fuzzy Multi-Objective People Decision Method of Engineering Bidding Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 3147-3151
Author(s):  
Yun Na Wu ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Mandula Naren ◽  
He Ping Wang ◽  
Jian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Methods ◽  
Actual Case ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Bidding Price ◽  
Weight Method ◽  
Conducting Research

The construction project bidding is a feasible method in engineering transactions and the main competition form of the construction activities under the conditions of the market economy. The bid assessment is an important link of bidding, and whether bid evaluation method is scientific or not, is directly related to the success of the tender. In the engineering construction field, at present the current commonly used evaluation methods are the comprehensive evaluation method and the lowest bidding price evaluation method. Based on fuzzy set theory and multi-objective people decision theory, we introduce fuzzy multi-objective people decision-making evaluation methods. And conducting research to put forward the evaluation index and weight method to determine the bidding decision model. Finally we apply it to actual case to make out the more standardized and scientific bidding evaluation method.

scholarly journals Investigation of the sustained-release mechanism of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose skeleton type Acipimox tablets

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Wanying Liu ◽  
Qing Huo ◽  
Yue Wang ◽  
Na Yu ◽  
Rongjian Shi
Keyword(s):  
Sustained Release ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Hypolipidemic Agents ◽  
Sustained Release Tablets ◽  
The Difference

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the production of hypolipidemic agents in the form of Acipimox sustained-release tablets, using a wet pelleting process. The purpose of this research is to reduce the total intake time for patients and to lower the initial dose in such that the adverse reactions could be reduced. This study adopts the single-factor method and orthogonal experiments by using hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC K15M) as the main sustained-release prescription composition. The final prescription is Acipimox 20%, HPMC K15M 26.67%, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 30%, polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) 1%, ethyl cellulose 16.6%, lactose 4.67% and magnesium stearate 1%. The dissolution of tablets reached 85.88% in 8 h. The difference in the weight, hardness and friability of the tables met the requirements in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia; to test the stability, a temperature and illumination accelerated test method was used, the results indicate that the Acipimox sustained-release tablets should be sealed and stored in a dark, cool area. A preliminary study on the tablets’ releasing mechanism showed that their release curve fitted the Higuchi model (the formula is Mt/M∞ = 31.137 t1/2–3.605 (R2 = 0.9903)). The Acipimox tablets’ release principle is dominated by the diffusion mechanism.

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