Investigation of the Hot Deformation Behavior of an Al-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy under Plane Strain Condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 611-612 ◽  
pp. 76-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Taendl ◽  
Martina Dikovits ◽  
Cecilia Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Plane Strain ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Zr Alloy

This study investigates the hot deformation behavior of a new Al-Mg-Sc-Zr alloy under plane strain conditions. Flow curves corrected for deformation heating were calculated for strain rates between 0.01 and 10s-1 in a temperature range of 200 to 400°C. To evaluate the deformation behavior, strain rate sensitivity as well as flow localization parameter maps were calculated for strains of 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6. In addition, microstructural investigations and hardness measurements were performed for selected samples. It was shown that the flow stress decreased with deacreasing strain rate and increasing temperature. The best formability was observed for high strain rates and low temperatures as well as for low strain rates and high temperatures. In these cases no flow instabilities were observed.

Modeling the Hot Deformation Behavior of 1565ch Aluminum Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 684 ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Rushchits ◽  
E.V. Aryshensky ◽  
S.M. Sosedkov ◽  
A.M. Akhmed'yanov
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Static Recrystallization ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Strain Resistance ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Zirconium Addition

The deformation behavior of 1565ch alloy under the plane-strain conditions in the temperature range of 350–490 оС and strain rates range of 0,1–10 s-1 is studied. The expression for steady flow stress as the functions of temperature of deformation and strain rate is obtained. It is established that 1565ch alloy with zirconium addition shows higher strain resistance and less tendency to dynamic and static recrystallization than AMg6.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Content on Hot Deformation Behavior and Grain Growth in Nuclear Grade 316LN Stainless Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-wei Guo ◽  
Zhen-hua Wang ◽  
Ze-an Zhou ◽  
Shu-hua Sun ◽  
Wan-tang Fu
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Strain Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Processing Maps ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior

316LN stainless steel with 0.08%N (08N) and 0.17%N (17N) was compressed at 1073–1473 K and 0.001–10 s−1. The hot deformation behavior was investigated using stress-strain curve analysis, processing maps, and so forth. The microstructure was analyzed through electron backscatter diffraction analysis. Under most conditions, the deformation resistance of 17N was higher than that of 08N. This difference became more pronounced at lower temperatures. The strain rate sensitivity increased with increasing temperature for types of steel. In addition, the higher the N content, the higher the strain rate sensitivity. Hot deformation activation energy increased from 487 kJ/mol to 549 kJ/mol as N concentration was increased from 0.08% to 0.17%. The critical strain for initiation of dynamic recrystallization was lowered with increasing N content. In the processing maps, both power dissipation ratio and unstable region increased with increasing N concentration. In terms of microstructure evolution, N promoted dynamic recrystallization kinetic and decreased dynamic recrystallization grain size. The grain growth rate was lower in 17N than in 08N during heat treatment. Finally, it was found that N favored twin boundary formation.

scholarly journals Hot Deformation Behavior and Constitutive Modeling of H13-Mod Steel

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changmin Li ◽  
Yuan Liu ◽  
Yuanbiao Tan ◽  
Fei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Equation ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Stress Strain

The H13-mod steel optimized by composition and heat treatment has reached the performance index of the shield machine hob. The hot deformation behavior of the H13-mod steel was investigated by compression tests in the temperature range from 900 to 1150 °C and the strain rate range from 0.01 to 10 s−1. The true stress-strain curve showed that the rising stress at the beginning of deformation was mainly caused by work hardening. After the peak stress was attained, the curve drop and the flow softening phenomenon became more obvious at low strain rates. The flow behavior of the H13-mod steel was predicted by a strain-compensated Arrhenius-type constitutive equation. The relationship between the material constant in the Arrhenius-type constitutive equation and the true strain was established by a sixth-order polynomial. The correlation coefficient between the experimental value and the predicted value reached 0.987, which indicated that the constitutive equation can accurately estimate the flow stress during the deformation process. A good linear correlation was achieved between the peak stress (strain), critical stress (strain) and the Zener‒Hollomon parameters. The processing maps of the H13-mod steel under different strains were established. The instability region was mainly concentrated in the high-strain-rate region; however, the microstructure did not show any evidence of instability at high temperatures and high strain rates. Combined with the microstructure and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) test results under different deformations, the optimum hot working parameters were concluded to be 998–1026 °C and 0.01–0.02 s−1 and 1140–1150 °C and 0.01–0.057 s−1.

Hot Deformation Behavior and Stability Criteria of WE54 Magnesium Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1618-1623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Rieiro ◽  
Manuel Carsí ◽  
Oscar A. Ruano
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Logarithmic Curve ◽  
Efficiency Parameter

A precise description of the hot deformation behavior as well as determination of the stability conditions as influenced by temperature and strain rate is fundamental for the simulation of metal forming processes. In this work, a revision of various stability criteria of magnesium alloy WE54 is conducted. The study corresponds to own work and that of Lentz et al. and is based on compression tests at high temperature and high strain rates. Stability and processing maps were obtained using a variety of stability criteria, some based on the efficiency parameter η and others on the strain rate sensitivity parameter, m. This parameter is usually determined by fitting the curves strain rate, ε, versus stress, σ, by means of a potential equation named “power law” or by a polynomial of second or third degree, and calculating the slope of the logarithmic curve at each point using successive derivatives. This procedure is compared with one developed by us where all experimental points are fitted to a single hyperbolic sine equation of Garofalo type and then m and η are calculated for each ε and T using this equation. The maps obtained by one or the other method differ considerably. The predictions of these maps were contrasted with microstructural observations and conclusions on the deformation behavior of the alloy are reached.

HOT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF IN SITUTIB2 REINFORCED 6351 AL COMPOSITES DURING COMPRESSION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1432-1437
Author(s):  
SHENGLI GUO ◽  
DEFU LI ◽  
DONG CHEN ◽  
HAOWEI WANG
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Dynamic Recovery ◽  
Matrix Alloy ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Mixed Salt ◽  
Increasing Temperature

The hot deformation behavior of in situ TiB 2 reinforced 6351 Al composites synthesized by mixed salt reaction method was investigated by compression tests in the temperature range of 300-550°C and strain rate range of 0.001-10 s-1. The microstructure evolution during compression was observed by employing transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that, the flow stress decreases with decreasing strain rate and increasing temperature, and the activation energy is about 169.98 kJ/mol. Microstructure observation indicates that the complex dislocation structures were formed around the TiB 2 particulate at the lower temperature and the lower strain rate and their density is reducing with increasing temperature. Dynamic recovery and recrystalized structures were observed in the lower and higher deformation temperature, respectively. At the higher strain rate, the interface separation between TiB 2 particulate and Al matrix alloy and TiB 2 particulate cracking were found in this study. The main restoration mechanisms of TiB 2/6351 composites during hot deformation are dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization.

scholarly journals Research on the Hot Deformation Behavior of the Casting NiTi Alloy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6173
Author(s):  
Chengchuang Tao ◽  
Hongjun Huang ◽  
Ge Zhou ◽  
Bowen Zheng ◽  
Xiaojiao Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Niti Alloy ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Instability Criterion ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Dynamic Material Model ◽  
Ti2ni Phase

The hot deformation behavior and processing maps of the casting NiTi alloy were studied at the deformation temperature of 650–1050 °C and the strain rate of 5 × 10−3–1 s−1 by Gleeble-3800 thermal simulating tester. The variation of the strain rate sensitivity exponent m and the activation energy Q under different deformation conditions (T = 650–1050 °C, ε˙ = 0.005–1 s−1) were obtained. The formability of the NiTi alloy was the best from 800 °C to 950 °C. The constitutive equation of the casting NiTi alloy was constructed by the Arrhenius model. The processing map of the casting NiTi alloy was plotted according to the dynamic material model (DMM) based on the Prasad instability criterion. The optimal processing areas were at 800–950 °C and 0.005–0.05 s−1. The microstructure of the casting NiTi alloy was analyzed by TEM, SEM and EBSD. The softening mechanisms of the casting NiTi alloy were mainly dynamic recrystallization of the Ti2Ni phase and the nucleation and growth of fine martensite.

Hot Deformation Behavior of a 3rd Generation Advanced High Strength Steel with a Medium-Mn Content

2015 ◽  
Vol 651-653 ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Steineder ◽  
Martina Dikovits ◽  
Coline Beal ◽  
Christof Sommitsch ◽  
Daniel Krizan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
Rate Sensitivity ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Mn Content

Medium-Mn steels are one of the promising candidates to achieve the desired mechanical properties in the 3rd generation of cold rolled advanced high strength steels (AHSS) for automotive applications. Their duplex microstructure consists of a ferritic matrix with a substantial amount of metastable retained austenite, which transforms to strain-induced martensite upon forming. This strengthening mechanism, well known as the TRansformation Induced Plasticity (TRIP) effect, provides the steel an excellent combination of high strength and elongation with a product of RmxA80 up to 30.000 MPa%. As hot rolling is one of the crucial steps during their production, the hot deformation behavior of Medium-Mn steels has to be thoroughly evaluated during their development stage.Therefore, the present contribution studied the hot deformation response of a 0.1 %C 5.5 %Mn steel by means of hot compression tests using a Gleeble® 3800 device. The influence of different deformation temperatures (900-1100 °C) and strain rates (0.1-10 s-1) on the stress-strain behavior was investigated. The flow curves were analyzed and corrected by the effects of adiabatic heating.Furthermore, the strain rate sensitivity m of the material was determined by evaluating stress values at different strain rates for given temperatures and strains. The m-values can be used to predict the deformation behavior of the material within the investigated range of parameters.Lastly, the hot working behavior of an alternative steel concept for a 3rd Generation AHSS with significantly lower Mn-content was comparatively investigated.

The effects of temperature and strain rate on the hot deformation behavior of AISI H10 tool steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Maryam Kamali Ardakani ◽  
Maryam Morakabati
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallization ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Temperature Range

The hot deformation behavior of a H10 hot work tool steel was studied by performing hot compression tests over the temperature range of 900 to 1200 °C and strain rates of 0.001–1 s−1 and total strain of 0.7. At temperatures below 1100 °C, the grain size is fine and below 20 μm. In this temperature range, grain size increase with temperature due to dissolution of carbides. Then by increasing temperature to 1150 and 1200 °C, the grain size is increased significantly due to growth of grains. The study on the effect of strain rate showed that at constant temperature of 1000 °C, the grain size increased from 4.8 to 6 μm with increasing strain rate from 0.001 to 1 s−1. Also, this increase in the strain rate at temperature of 1100 °C lead to increase the grain size from 5.9 to 17 μm, due to the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization. At 1200 °C growth of grains causes to decrease grain size from 112 to 87 μm by increasing strain rate. According to the microstructural investigations, at the temperatures of 1000 and 1100 °C and strain rates of 0.01 and 0.1 s−1 dynamic recrystallization was the main softening mechanism. As a result, the most suitable range for hot deformation was obtained at the temperature range of 1000–1100 °C and strain rates of 0.01–0.1 s−1.

The Hot Deformation Behavior and Hot Processing Map of CL60 Rail Wheel Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 2006-2010
Author(s):  
Fei Zhao ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Yong Hai Ren
Keyword(s):  
Flow Stress ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Processing Maps ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Experimental Conditions

The hot deformation behavior of CL60 rail wheel steel has been studied by employing both processing maps and microstructural observations. Tests are performed at temperatures of 800—1100°C and strain rates of 0.1s-1—5s-1 and the flow stress data obtained from the tests are used to develop processing maps. The microstructural evolution of deformed samples is also examined on the basis of optical microscopic observations. The result indicates that under experimental conditions this alloy shows dynamic recrystallization(RDX) characteristics during hot compression deformation. Both deformation temperatures and strain rates have obvious influence on flow stress and its corresponding peak strain, which increase gradually with decreasing temperature and increasing strain rate. RDX occurred at higher temperature and lower strain rate.

Study on Hot Deformation Behavior of Cast-and-Homogenized Superalloy GH706

2015 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 648-654
Author(s):  
Yan Hui Yang ◽  
Dong Liu ◽  
Jian Bing Peng ◽  
Jian Guo Wang ◽  
Guo Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Hot Deformation ◽  
Deformation Behavior ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Constitutive Relationship ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Hot Deformation Behavior ◽  
Flow Curves ◽  
Relationship Of

Hot deformation behavior of cast-and-homogenized GH706-ingot material was studied in this work. Isothermal uniaxial compression tests were performed at temperatures (°C): 990, 1020, 1050, 1080 and 1100 with strain rates (s-1): 0.01, 0.1 and 1. The stress-strain curves as well as changes in microstructures of various hot deformed specimens were analyzed. Inhomogeneous microstructures were found in the specimens and the flow curves were resulted from the comprehensive functions of microstructures change in all part of the specimens. The constitutive relationship of alloy GH706 has been established by linear regression analysis of the experimental data taken from the Arrhenius equations as a model. Then hot compression tests were carried out to estimate the allowable reductions, and 52.5% and 50.6% are suggested as the allowable reductions during cogging processing of GH706 alloy in each blow at 1110°C and 1130°C.

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