Characterization of Snap-On Calf Nipple Product and Development of its Compound Formulation Based on Natural Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Sarawut Prasertsri ◽  
Sansanee Srichan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Rubber Component

This research aimed to develop the formulation of natural rubber filled with carbon black, silica and calcium carbonate for rubber calf nipple application. The reverse engineering was performed on the calf nipple product to analyze the rubber type and component by using Soxhlet extraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Furthermore, mechanical properties were examined to act as benchmark for the rubber compound design. The results showed that rubber component in the nipple product was natural rubber, whereas two filler types revealed as carbon black and calcium carbonate with 10 and 35 of the total weight. In addition, rubber nipple showed the hardness of 46±1 Shore A and tensile strength of 5.3±0.60 MPa. From the investigation of the properties of developed rubber compounds in this work, it was found that the mechanical properties depended on type and content of filler. The required mechanical properties of vulcanizates were achieved at 20 phr of carbon black (N330), 20 phr of silica and 120 phr of calcium carbonate.

scholarly journals Influence of Carbon Black and Silica Filler on the Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Compound

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 258-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ika Maria Ulfah ◽  
Riastuti Fidyaningsih ◽  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Diah Ayu Fitriani ◽  
Dita Adi Saputra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Silica Filler

The Effect of Second Filler on Cure Characteristic and Mechanical Properties of Si-69 Treated Precipitate Silica/NR Composite

2009 ◽  
Vol 79-82 ◽  
pp. 2183-2186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanchai Thongpin ◽  
C. Sripetdee ◽  
N. Papaka ◽  
N. Pongsathornviwa ◽  
Narongrit Sombatsompop
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Maximum Torque ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Rubber Vulcanizate ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Cure Characteristic

Silica has been widely used as non-black reinforcing filler, however, the filler-filler interaction has been an important issue. Cure characteristic and mechanical properties of the rubber compound and rubber vulcanizate were affected both by filler-rubber interaction and filler-filler interaction. There have been, presently, a number of natural fillers which are also used as fillers for the rubber, i.e. fly ash, sawdust and zeolite. This work therefore will study the effect of second filler added into the 13% Si-69 treated precipitate silica (PSi) filled natural rubber compounds. It was revealed that the scorch and cure time of the rubber compound increased with the content of treated PSi. This was the effect of excess of the silane treated onto PSi which would agglomerate and form the cluster of polysiloxane and would then be able to absorb vulcanizing accelerator resulting in extending the scorch and cure time of the rubber compounds. However, this effect was over ruled with the reinforcing effect as could be seen by the increasing, with the contents of PSi, of maximum torque and mechanical properties of the vulcanizates. The NR compounded with treated PSi content of 20 phr selected to study the effect of excess silane on the cure characteristic of hybrid fillers NR composite. The addition of sawdust led to longer scorch time and cure time but not much change of the maximum torque. As expected, the modulus of the rubber vulcanizate increased with the sawdust content whereas the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with the sawdust content. The incorporation of zeolite could accelerate the cure reaction therefore both scorch time and cure time decreased. The maximum torque also increased with the content of zeolite. Both modulus and tensile strength increased with the content of the zeolite whereas elongation at break tended to be unchanged. In the case of using fly ash as the second filler, the cure time tended to be unchanged. However, the maximum torque tended to be increased with the content of fly ash. It was found that the modulus, tensile strength increased but elongation at break decreased. Interestingly, the excess of Si-69 used effect pronouncedly for the addition of zeolite and fly ash cases as the excess silane could promote the interaction between fillers surface and rubber molecule accept for sawdust

Comparison of Reinforcing Efficiency between Calcium Carbonate/Carbon Black and Calcium Carbonate/Silica Hybrid Filled Natural Rubber Composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarawut Prasertsri ◽  
Chaiwute Vudjung ◽  
Wunchai Inthisaeng ◽  
Sansanee Srichan ◽  
Kanchana Sapprasert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
Hybrid Filler ◽  
Carbonate Carbon ◽  
Cure Time

The present research aimed to develop natural rubber (NR) hybrid composites reinforced with calcium carbonate/carbon black (CC/CB) and calcium carbonate/silica (CC/SC). The influence of CC/CB and CC/SC with various filler ratios (120/0, 90/5, 60/10, 30/15 and 0/20) on cure characteristics and mechanical properties of the vulcanizates was investigated and their reinforcing efficiency was compared. It has been found that incorporation of CB in the hybrid filler decreases the scorch time and cure time but increases crosslink density, whereas the incorporation of silica showed cure retardation. As CB or SC content increases, stiffness, tensile strength and tear strength increase, while elongation at break and compression set decrease. Scanning electron microscopy studies also reveal poor filler dispersion and poor adhesion between filler particles and matrix in the vulcanizates with increasing in CC content in a weight filler ratio which causes inferior mechanical properties. Incorporation of CB or SC content enhanced the mechanical properties of the vulcanizates, where CC/CB hybrid system exhibited higher reinforcing efficiency compared with CC/SC hybrid system.

Online Method for Characterization of the Homogeneity of Rubber Compounds Filled with Non-Conductive Carbon Black

2006 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Le ◽  
M. Tiwari ◽  
S. Ilisch ◽  
H-J. Radusch
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Electrical Conductance ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Mixture Ratio ◽  
Dispersion Process ◽  
Filled Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Conductance Method ◽  
Internal Mixer

Abstract In the present work, the effect of carbon black (CB) type on the electrical conductance of CB filled rubber compounds measured online in the internal mixer and the corresponding CB dispersion were investigated. The CB dispersion is strongly affected by the specific surface area and structure of CB which can be directly monitored by use of the online electrical conductance method. The effect of CB mixture ratio of a high conductive CB and a non-conductive one on the online electrical conductance was investigated for CB filled rubber compounds. By addition of a small amount of a high-conductive CB type into a non-conductive CB filled rubber compound, a characteristic online conductance - time characteristic is observed that is a result of the formation of a joint network of the two CB types. It could be shown, that such a characteristic is suitable to monitor the dispersion process of the non-conductive CB in the rubber compound.

scholarly journals Natural Rubber/High Cis Butadiene Rubber-Filler Interactions And Rheological Properties In Rubber Airbag Compounding Formulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Ade Sholeh Hidayat ◽  
Dewi Kusuma Arti ◽  
Lies Agustine ◽  
Mahendra Aggaravidya
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rheological Properties ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
General Application ◽  
Optimum Formulation ◽  
Strain Sweep

The rheological properties of rubber compound in general application and especially rubber airbag compounding is very important to predict the mechanical properties of rubber products, as well as useful for obtaining optimum formulations in the research and development of a product. The viscoelastic properties of the rubber compound are strongly influenced by the type of rubber and the filler used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the rheological properties of rubber airbag compounding using natural rubber (NR) and high cis butadiene rubber (BR) materials with various compositions of carbon black N220 filler. The mixing of NR and BR with 90/10 phr ratio was performed in a kneader, with carbon black N220 filler variation: 35, 45, 50 phr, named as BD1, BD2 and BD3, respectively. Rheology and viscosity properties were tested using Rubber Process Analyser (RPA) 2000 Alpha Technology. The test was performed with strain sweep at 70 C and comparing 1% strain and 10% strain to indicate dispersion and homogenity. Frequency sweep was performed at 100 C at 6 cpm and 7% strain.  High strain sweep was also done as well as strain sweep after cure (ASTM D6601) which material were cured at 1800 C and strain sweep was applied at 1%, 2%, 5%, 10% and 20% to determine the mechanical properties of compound. The result showed that 35 phr of carbon black N220 (BD1) was the optimum formulation since compounds BD3 and BD2 have higher elastic torque (S’) peaks and may be harder to process as a result. The results for Tan (Delta) from all compounds in the high strain sweep verify that compounds BD3 and BD2 have lower Tan(Delta) values and therefore will probably have more difficulty in processing. The highest peak of modulus values at low strain indicates the carbon black with the highest reinforcement or the worst dispersion. BD3 and BD2 have high peak modulus value which is show the worse dispersion compared to BD1. Keywords: rheology, rubber airbag, filler, RPA

scholarly journals Study the impact of A nanomixture of carbon black and clay on the mechanical properties of A series of irradiated natural rubber/ butyl rubber blend

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalal Alshangiti
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Butyl Rubber ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Vinyl Silane ◽  
Link Density ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A series of natural rubber/ butyl rubber NR/IIR blend loaded with N660 carbon black CB and triethoxy vinyl silane treated clay nano particles (TCNP) were prepared using gamma irradiation in the presence of polyfunctional monomer, trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). The effect of incorporating different content of N660 carbon black and 5 part per hundred of rubber (phr) of treated clay on the mechanical properties of the prepared nano composites have been investigated. The additions of TCNP into CB/ rubber composites markedly increase their tensile strength due to the increase of the cross-link density. These results indicated that the TCNP may be enclosed or trapped in the occluded structure of CB. The effect of CB and TCNP content on the tensile strength (σ), elongation at break (εb %) and modulus of elasticity (E, MPa) of natural rubber/ butyl rubber NR/IIR blend have been investigated. The incorporation of 5 phr of TCNP into 30 phr carbon black loaded NR/ IIR composites results in the increased tensile strength value by about 60%. Finally, theoretical models were used to interpret the experimental results.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Compounds with Oil palm boiler ash and Carbon Black as a Filler

2020 ◽  
Vol 1428 ◽  
pp. 012020
Author(s):  
N. Bukit ◽  
E.M. Ginting ◽  
E. Sidebang ◽  
E. Frida ◽  
B.F. Bukit
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Boiler Ash

Plasma Polymerized Primers for Rubber to Metal Bonding: Characterization of the Interphase

1995 ◽  
Vol 385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. M. Tsai ◽  
F. J. Boerio ◽  
Dong K. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Carbonyl Groups ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Metal Bonding

ABSTRACTPlasma polymerized acetylene films contained mono- and di-substituted acetylene groups, aromatic groups, and carbonyl groups which resulted from reaction of residual free radicals with oxygen when the films were exposed to the atmosphere. There was some evidence for formation of acetylides in the interphase between the films and the substrates. Reactions occurring in the interphase between the plasma polymerized films and natural rubber were simulated using a model rubber compound consisting of a mixture of squalene, zinc oxide, carbon black, sulfur, stearic acid, diaryl-p-diphenyleneamine, and N,N-dicyclohexylbenzothiazole sulfenamide (DCBS). Zinc oxide and cobalt naphthenate reacted with stearic acid to form zinc and cobalt stearates. The stearates reacted with the benzothiazole sulfonamide moiety of DCBS and with sulfur to form zinc and cobalt accelerator complexes and perthiomercaptides. The complexes and perthiomercaptides reacted with squalene and the plasma polymer to form pendant groups which eventually disproportionated to form crosslinks between squalene and the primer. Migration of double bonds during reaction of the model rubber compound with the films resulted in formation of conjugated double bonds in squalene.

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