Green Composites of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Epoxidized Natural Rubber Filled with Coir Fibers

2020 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Woraporn Kiwjaroun ◽  
Saowaroj Chuayjuljit ◽  
Phasawat Chaiwutthinan ◽  
Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Green Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to prepare green composites from poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and in-house epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with coir fibers (CFs). In-house ENR with medium epoxidation degree (about 35 mole% epoxidation) was first prepared via ‘in situ’ epoxidation of natural rubber latex. PLA was melt-mixed with three loadings (10, 20 and 30 wt%) of ENR on a twin-screw extruder, followed by injection molding to observe their mechanical properties (impact strength, tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break) and thermal stability. The results showed that the addition of the ENR enhanced the impact strength and elongation at break, but deteriorated tensile strength, Young’s modulus and thermal stability of the blends. From mechanical properties consideration, the 90/10 PLA/ENR blend was selected for preparing green composites with different amounts of CFs (5, 10 and 20 phr). It was found that the incorporation of CFs improved tensile strength and Young’s modulus. However, the impact strength, elongation at break and thermal stability of the green composites decreased as compared to those of the neat 90/10 PLA/ENR blend.

Hybrid Nanocomposites of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Thermoplastic Polyurethane with Nanosilica/Montmorillonite

2019 ◽  
Vol 947 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Natsuda Palawat ◽  
Phasawat Chaiwutthinan ◽  
Sarintorn Limpanart ◽  
Amnouy Larpkasemsuk ◽  
Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The aim of this study is to improve the physical properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by incorporating thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) and/or nanosilica (nSiO2). PLA was first melt mixed with five loadings of TPU (10–50 wt%) on a twin-screw extruder, followed by injection molding. The addition of TPU was found to increase the impact strength, elongation at break and thermal stability of the blends, but decrease the tensile strength and Young’s modulus. Based on a better combination of the mechanical properties, the 70/30 (w/w) PLA/TPU blend was selected for preparing both single and hybrid nanocomposites with a fix total nanofiller content of 5 parts per hundred of resin (phr), and the OMMT/nSiO2 weight ratios were 5/0, 2/3, 3/2 and 0/5 (phr/phr). The Young’s modulus and thermal stability of the nanocomposites were all higher than those of the neat 70/30 PLA/TPU blend, but at the expense of reducing the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength. However, all the nanocomposites exhibited higher impact strength and Young’s modulus than the neat PLA. Among the four nanocomposites, a single-filler nanocomposite containing 5 phr nSiO2 exhibited the highest impact strength and thermal stability, indicating that there was no synergistic effect of the two nanofillers on the investigated physical properties. However, the hybrid nanocomposite containing 2/3 (phr/phr) OMMT/nSiO2 possessed a compromise in the tensile properties.

Poly(lactic acid)/Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) Blend and its Composite: Effect of Maleic Anhydride Grafted Poly(lactic acid) as a Compatibilizer

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpaporn Teamsinsungvon ◽  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Kasama Jarukumjorn
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Composite Effect ◽  
Elongation At Break

Poly (lactic acid) (PLA)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend and its composite were prepared by melt blending method. Maleic anhydride grafted PLA (PLA-g-MA) prepared in-house was used as a compatibilizer to enhance the interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT and also to improve the dispersion of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in polymer matrices. Increasing PBAT content (10-30 wt%) resulted in the improvement of elongation at break and impact strength of PLA. Tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and impact strength of PLA/PBAT blend improved with the presence of PLA-g-MA due to enhanced interfacial adhesion between PLA and PBAT. As CaCO3 (5 wt%) was incorporated into the compatibilized blend, tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and impact strength insignificantly changed while elongation at break decreased.

Preparation and Properties of Polypropylene/Pottery Stone Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1778-1781
Author(s):  
Zheng Hua Song ◽  
T Ruphun ◽  
T Karnjanamayul
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Flow Index ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Elongation At Break

Pottery stone (PTS) filled polypropylene (PP) composites were prepared using a twin screw extruder and injection molding machine. PTS used in this study is in a particulate form with an average particle size of 6.95 μm. The melt flow index (MFI), tensile properties (tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break), notched-impact strength, flexural strength, thermal stability and morphology of the PP/PTS composites were investigated. The results showed that the incorporation of PTS into the PP matrix caused a slight decrease in the MFI, an increase in the tensile strength (5 and 10 phr, but 10 phr optimal), Young’s modulus (all, but 20 phr optimal), impact strength (all, but 20 phr optimal), flexural strength (all, but 10 phr optimal) and thermal stability (all, but 20 phr optimal) and a decrease in the elongation at break. Therefore, PTS can be effectively used as reinforcing filler in PP. The fractured surfaces of the composites displayed the well dispersed of PTS in PP matrix and also exhibited plastic deformation feature.

Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Rubber Toughened Poly(Lactic Acid)

2015 ◽  
Vol 1125 ◽  
pp. 222-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Shaiful Zaidi Mat Desa ◽  
Azman Hassan ◽  
Agus Arsad ◽  
Nor Nisa Balqis Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Rubber Blends

The effect of rubber toughening on mechanical and thermal properties of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) was investigated by using three types of rubbers; natural rubber (NR), epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) and core-shell rubber (CSR). The PLA/rubber blends were prepared by melt blending in a counter-rotating twin-screw extruder, where the rubber content for all blends was kept at 5 wt%. It was found that the addition of the rubbers increased the impact strength for all blends as compared to pure PLA. On the other hand, all PLA/rubber blends showed notable decrease of Young’s modulus especially for PLA/NR blend which decreased by 72% than pure PLA. Similarly, significant decrease of tensile strength was also observed for all PLA/rubber blends. PLA/ENR blend showed a morebalance mechanical properties with fairly significant improvement of impact strength and moderate decrease of tensile strength, Young’s modulus and elongation at break. In general, PLA/NR blend showed the highest overall impact strength, while the PLA/CSR showed the highest tensile strength and Young’s modulus among the blends. Thermal analysis revealed that the Tg of PLA decreased with incorporation of the three types of rubbers with NR showing the largest decrease. This study indicates that NR, ENR and CSR are effective in enhancing toughness of PLA

Tensile and water absorption properties of solvent cast biofilms of sugarcane leaves fibre-filled poly(lactic) acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuhananthan Nanthakumar ◽  
Chan Ming Yeng ◽  
Koay Seong Chun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Absorption Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

This research covers the preparation of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/sugarcane leaves fibre (SLF) biofilms via a solvent-casting method. The results showed that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. Nevertheless, the elongation at break showed an opposite trend as compared to tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms. Moreover, water absorption properties of PLA/SLF biofilms increased with the increasing of SLF content. In contrast, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of biofilms were enhanced after bleaching treatment with hydrogen peroxide on SLF, but the elongation at break and water absorption properties of bleached biofilms were reduced due to the improvement of filler–matrix adhesion in biofilms. The tensile and water properties were further discussed using B-factor and Fick’s law, respectively. Furthermore, the functional groups of unbleached and bleached SLF were characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis.

The Effects of a Compatibilizer for Improving Mechanical Properties on Polymer Matrix Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 877 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Prathumrat Nuyang ◽  
Atiwat Wiriya-Amornchai ◽  
Watthanaphon Cheewawuttipong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Polymer Matrix Composites ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
The Impact

The effect of compatibilizer agent was studied when adding Aluminum fine powder (Al) to reinforce in Polypropylene (PP) by compared between polymer matrix composites (PMCs) and PMCs added Polypropylene graft maleic anhydride (PP-g-MAH).The average particle size of the aluminum fine powder was around 75 μm filled in polypropylene with different proportions of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10wt%. PMCs were prepared using the internal mixer. The results found that when the amount of aluminum fine powder increased, the mechanical properties had changed, i.e., tensile strength, and Young’s Modulus increased, while the impact strength and elongation at break decreased. But, when adding compatibilizer 1wt% it was found that the trend of tensile strength, and Young’s Modulus increased that compared with non-compatibilizer, but the impact strength and elongation at break decreased. The part of the morphology of PMCs with non-compatibilizer was found that the particle of aluminum fine powder dispersed in the matrix phase, but there were many microvoids between filler and matrix. But, PMCs with compatibilizer caused the microvoids between filler and matrix to be reduced.

Ultrafine Wollastonite Reinforced Polypropylene/Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber Thermoplastic Elastomers

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 945-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saowaroj Chuayjuljit ◽  
Thatisorn Karnjanamayul
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Thermoplastic Elastomers ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Ethylene Propylene ◽  
Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber ◽  
Diene Rubber

In this study, tensile properties, thermal stability and morphology of polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene rubber/wollastonite (PP/EPDM/wollastonite) thermoplastic elastomer composites were tested and evaluated as a function of their compositions in comparison with PP/EPDM blends and native PP. PP was melt mixed with two loadings of EPDM (20 and 30% (w/w)) and for the composites each of these with three loadings of wollastonite (10, 20 and 30 parts by weight per hundred of the PP/EPDM resin) on a twin screw extruder and then injection molded. Both PP/EPDM blends provided a higher elongation at break but a lower tensile strength and Young’s modulus as compared with those of the neat PP. However, the addition of wollastonite microparticles (particle size of 1200 mesh) into the blends increased the Young’s modulus in a dose-dependent manner with increasing wollastonite loadings, whilst the tensile strength and elongation at break were decreased. Moreover, the thermal stability was improved by the presence of either EPDM or wollastonite in the PP matrix.

Natural Rubber-Whisker Alumina Fiber Composite Materials for Mechanical and Thermal Insulation Applications

2018 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Nattapol Dedruktip ◽  
Wasan Leelawanachai ◽  
Nuchnapa Tangboriboon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Alumina Fiber ◽  
Elongation At Break

Alumina fiber is a ceramic material used as a dispersed phase or filler to reinforce the mechanical and improve thermal properties of natural rubber via vulcanization process at curing temperature 150°C. The amount of alumina fiber added in natural rubber was varied from 0 to 50 phr on 100 phr of natural rubber in a sulfur curing system. Adding 10 phr alumina fiber affects to obtain the best natural rubber composite samples having good mechanical and thermal properties. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of adding 10 phr whisker alumina fiber encoded NR-Al-10 are equal to 14.38±1.95 MPa, 1038.4±41.45%, 545.63±25.67 MPa and 0.2376±0.0003 W/m.K, respectively, better than those of pure natural rubber compounds without adding alumina fiber. Tensile strength, elongation at break, Young’s modulus and thermal conductivity of natural rubber without adding alumina fiber are equal to 14.06±6.03 MPa, 949.41±52.15%, 496.32±8.54 MPa and 0.2500±0.0003 W/m.K, respectively.

Natural Rubber and EPDM Rubber as an Impact Modifier in Vetiver Grass-Polypropylene Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 47-50 ◽  
pp. 427-430
Author(s):  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Jatuporn Sridee ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn ◽  
Wimonlak Sutapun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Epdm Rubber ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Impact Modifier ◽  
The Impact

In this research, vetiver grass was used as a filler in polypropylene (PP) composite. Chemical treatment was done to modify fiber surface. Natural rubber (NR) and EPDM rubber at various contents were used as an impact modifier of the composites. The composites were prepared by using an injection molding. By adding NR or EPDM to PP composites, a significant increase in the impact strength and elongation at break was observed in PP composite with rubber content more than 20% by weight. However, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the composites decrease with increasing rubber contents. Nevertheless, the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the composites with NR or EPDM are still higher than those of PP up to 10% and 20% rubber contents, respectively. Comparisons between NR and EPDM rubber on the mechanical properties of the composites were elucidated.

Comparison between Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid and Natural Rubber Blend Using Calcium Carbonate and Vetiver Grass Fiber as Fillers

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punmanee Juntuek ◽  
Chaiwat Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Pranee Chumsamrong ◽  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Vetiver Grass ◽  
Elongation At Break

From our previous study, natural rubber (NR) was used to improve toughness of poly (lactic acid) (PLA). Impact strength and elongation at break of PLA was increased when adding NR. Moreover, by using NR-g-GMA as compatibilizer for PLA and NR blend, impact strength and elongation at break was improved. However, tensile strength and modulus of PLA/NR blend with and without NR-g-GMA were decreased. In this study, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and vetiver grass fiber were used as fillers in PLA/NR blend. With the addition of CaCO3 into PLA/NR blend with NR-g-GMA, impact strength and modulus of the composite were further increased with a loss in tensile strength. In contrast, the addition of vetiver grass fiber into PLA/NR blend with NR-g-GMA led to an increase in tensile strength and modulus and a decrease in impact strength and elongation at break. The onset degradation temperatures of PLA composites were lower than that of PLA and PLA/NR blend.

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