Mathematical Modeling of Fire-Proof Efficiency of Coatings Based on Silicate Composition

2020 ◽  
Vol 1006 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Anton Chernukha ◽  
Alexey Teslenko ◽  
Pavlo Kovalov ◽  
Oleg Bezuglov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Factor Space ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Planning Of Experiments

The paper analyzes the scientific work on fire protection, fire resistance, mathematical modeling of fire-proof properties, mathematical planning of experiments. The factors determining the efficiency of fire-proof coating have been determined. The experimental technique for determining fire-proof efficiency as an output parameter was selected. A factor space was constructed, and an experimental plan was drawn up. Experimental studies of the fire-proof effect of the coating based on the xerogel of the gel-forming system at all points of the factor space were carried out. A regression equation was obtained that describes the effect of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the coating on its fire-proof efficiency.

scholarly journals Physical and mathematical modeling of the moving the raw cotton between directing wall and area ginning seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (3) ◽  
pp. 032056
Author(s):  
M Ahmedov ◽  
M Shoraxmedova ◽  
T Tuychiev ◽  
D Tashpulatov ◽  
I Cherunova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Cotton Fiber ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Working Chamber ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Physical And Mathematical Modeling

Abstract In article are brought algorithm and results brought numerically-experimental studies on qualitative and quantitative estimation of the law of the moving the raw cotton from directing walls outgoing between spiked-drum and netlike surface feeder aside worker of the camera ginning machines. It is known that the uniform supply of raw cotton to the ginning process has a direct impact on the efficiency of the ginning process. In the process of ginning, the cotton is cleaned on the surface of the pile drum and net of the supplier, and the crushed gin comes to the working chamber through the gin. As a result of the rotation of the saw cylinder in the working chamber, the cotton fiber is suspended and the rotation is started. As a result of the circular motion of the raw cotton, a raw material roller is formed. In this process, the actual problem is to ensure that the raw cotton consists of small pieces and is uniform in time and width of the equipment. The Comparison got given on calculation shows that increase the corner will bring about increase the growing forming displacement. Increase of this corner will bring the leaflet of the raw cotton about increase of length free moving.

scholarly journals Mini crusher-shredder for farms

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04038
Author(s):  
Komil Astanakulov ◽  
Fakhriddin Karshiev ◽  
Shokir Gapparov ◽  
Dilshod Khudaynazarov ◽  
Shavkat Azizov
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Angle ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Planning Of Experiments ◽  
Good Visibility ◽  
Rotary Type

The purpose of the study is to substantiate the parameters of a mini crusher-shredder for processing coarse feed stalks in farms. The feasibility of using a mini crusher-shredder for processing coarse feed in the conditions of farms and farms with a small number of animals, which has a rotary-type shredder that combines the operations of grinding and crushing, is justified. The research uses the laws and rules of mathematical statistics, mathematical planning of experiments, and the methods given in existing regulatory documents. Experimental studies were carried out to study the influence of the rotor parameters of the mini crusher-shredder on its quality performance. A compact crusher-shredder has been developed, which has good visibility of the working bodies, high reliability, and quality of work due to zootechnical requirements. Experimental studies have established that when using a hammer of a flat-turned shape with a lower sharpening and a rotation angle of 60 or more, high-quality grinding of the stems is provided.

The effect of fire protection means on the intensity of heating and features of charring of wooden structures

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
I. O. Fedotov ◽  
◽  
A. B. Sivenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Muffle Furnace ◽  
Wooden Structures

Introduction. Over the past decades, the sphere of wooden house construction has been undergoing revolutionary changes in relation to the development of large-scale construction using wood-based structures. In this regard, one of the first places is the direction associated with ensuring the fire-safe use of such structures in the construction of buildings and structures of various functional purposes. An important sector of this direction is various types and methods of fire protection for wood, materials and structures based on it. The lack of systematic research on these issues hinders the development of effective technical solutions for fire protection of wooden structures. Goals and objectives. Identification of priority areas for research in the field of fire protection of wood, materials and structures based on it. Development of effective flame retardants that can have an impact on reducing fire danger and increasing the fire resistance of wooden structures. Determination of the influence of various flame retardants on the intensity of the process of heating and charring of elements of wooden structures in conditions of fire exposure (fire). Methods. A standard muffle furnace of the SNOL type was used as a test installation with the possibility of one-sided radiation thermal effect on the sample surface and a uniform temperature increase in the furnace up to 1200 С. The muffle furnace was upgraded taking into account the horizontal fixing of the sample on the outer panel of the furnace. To measure the temperature by the thickness of the sample, a set of thermoelectric converters of type K (chromel-kopel) with a junction diameter of 0,8 mm was used. Results and their discussion. Based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies, the main directions of research on the possibility of using various methods and types of fire protection to achieve the required fire hazard characteristics and fire resistance of wooden structures were determined. During the study, the analysis of such characteristics of charring as the rate of charring, the thickness of the charred layer was carried out. Conclusion. The research results show the possibility of certain classes of flame retardants, intumescent and heat-protective materials not only to influence the intensity of the process of charring wood, but also to affect the properties and structure of the charred layer, as well as the intensity of heating of the inner layers of wooden structures. Key words: fire resistance, fire resistance limit, fire hazard, charring, heating intensity, flame retardant efficiency, wood, wooden structures, flame retardant coatings, flame retardants.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF FIRE-PROTECTIVE ABILITY OF NEWLY CREATED FIRE-PROTECTIVE COATINGS OF STEEL STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-88
Author(s):  
A. Kovalov ◽  
◽  
Y. Otrosh ◽  
V. Tomenko ◽  
O. Vasylyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Steel Plates ◽  
Thermal Calculation ◽  
Thermophysical Characteristics ◽  
Standard Temperature

Abstract. The results of the development of fire-retardant substances based on domestic materials to increase the fire resistance of fire-retardant steel structures are presented. New compositions of fire-retardant substances on the basis of domestic materials capable of swelling are developed. A series of experimental studies to determine the heating temperature of fire-resistant steel structures. For this purpose, samples of reduced size in the form of a steel plate with a flame retardant applied to the heating surface were used. Fire tests of fire-retardant steel plates coated with the developed fire-retardant substance forming a coating on the protected surface, in the conditions of their tests on the standard temperature of the fire using the installation to determine the fire-retardant ability of fire-retardant coatings. The results of experimental determination of temperature from an unheated surface of steel plates with a fire-retardant covering in the conditions of fire influence at a standard temperature mode of a fire are analyzed. Based on the obtained data (temperature in the furnace and from the unheated surface of steel plates with fire protection system) the solution of the inverse problems of thermal conductivity found thermophysical characteristics of fire protection coating (thermal conductivity and specific volume), which can be used for thermal calculation heating of fire-retardant steel structures at arbitrary fire temperatures. The thermophysical characteristics of the formed fire-retardant coating are substantiated to find the characteristics of the fire-retardant ability of the newly created fire-retardant coating and to ensure the fire resistance of fire-retardant steel structures. The efficiency of the developed fire-retardant coating for protection of steel structures is proved.

scholarly journals Parameters of the angle-lift of the front plow for smooth, rowless plowing

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 04042
Author(s):  
Nikolay Aldoshin ◽  
Sherzod Kurbanov ◽  
Akmal Abdullaev ◽  
Alham Khujayev ◽  
Dilsabo Choriyeva
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Mathematical Planning ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Side Face ◽  
Required Quality ◽  
Theoretical Mechanics ◽  
Planning Of Experiments

To improve the quality and energy indicators on the front plow in front of the housings, the angle axes are installed in the form of a triangular wedge. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the parameters of the angle-lift of the front plow, which provides high-quality performance of the technological process according to agrotechnical requirements with the lowest energy costs for smooth, rowless plowing. The research uses the laws and rules of theoretical mechanics, mathematical statistics, mathematical planning of experiments, and methods of strain measurement, as well as the methods given in existing regulatory documents. Based on the study of the process of interaction of the carbon monoxide with the soil, analytical dependences are obtained that allow us to determine the parameters of the carbon monoxide. According to the results of theoretical and experimental studies, it was found that the required quality of tillage with a front plow following the established agrotechnical requirements with minimal energy consumption is provided at the height of 22 cm, a length of 27 cm, a wing angle of 32° and an angle of inclination of the side face of 36°.

scholarly journals The Condition of the Structure of the Thawed Aerated Sour-Milk Desserts during its Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
I. A. Gurskiy ◽  
A. A. Tvorogova ◽  
T. V. Shobanova
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Qualitative Assessment ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Air Bubbles ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Sour Milk ◽  
Physical Modification ◽  
System Composition ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of experimental studies of the influence of the stabilizing system composition on the state of the structure of the thawed sour-milk aerated desserts are presented.  As a stabilizer gelatin and its compositions with emulsifiers and starch of physical modification were used.  A qualitative assessment of the dispersion of the air phase using microphotographs and a quantitative assessment by the average diameter of air bubbles, their quantitative fraction up to 50 microns, and also the probability of the size distribution of the bubbles were carried out.  It was stated that during storage of desserts in a thawed state for 3 days, the shrinkage of portion occurred by 27–30%, and the dispersion of the air phase decreased visibly at the first day of storage.  At the same time, the degree of dispersion reduction when using an emulsifier was marked as the smallest, and the starch of physical modification as the largest.  Probably the size of air bubbles in the range up to 50 ?m, which is characterized as the the best state of consistency in a sample with emulsifier after hardening was 91%.  After 3 days, the probability of the distribution of bubbles with sizes of 50 to 100 microns was the highest (51%). The experimental studies of the influence of the composition of the stabilization system on the structure of the thawed sour-milk dessert showed that gelatin, used as the main stabilizer in amount of at least 1.1%, provided a sufficiently stable structure of the thawed dessert during 1 day of storage.  Taking into account the positive effect of emulsifiers on the preservation of the dispersion of the air phase and shape, it is necessary to carry out this work to substantiate the qualitative and quantitative composition of emulsifiers for the thawed sour-milk desserts.

scholarly journals Procedure for constructing a mathematical model to determine the time of the initial stage of fire evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10 (109)) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Sergii Zhartovskyi ◽  
Olexander Titenko ◽  
Oksana Kyrychenko ◽  
Ievgen Tyshchenko ◽  
Roman Motrichuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Fire Retardants ◽  
Fire Load ◽  
Physicochemical Processes ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Modeling Data ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

To develop appropriate measures and means of fire protection at facilities, it is relevant to form an idea of the phenomenology of the processes of the occurrence, evolution, and termination of combustion. This paper proposes procedures for building mathematical models of the energy component of those physicochemical processes that occur in wood under the influence of fire, which make it possible to determine the time from the beginning of such an impact to the onset of the phase of flame combustion. The adequacy of mathematical modeling was tested experimentally at a standardized installation for studying flame propagation over the surface of wood. The samples used for the reported theoretical and experimental studies were the specimens of unprotected wood made from 20-mm-thick pine sapwood with a density of 400‒550 kg/m3. The samples of fireproof wood (of the same variety, thickness, and density) were impregnated with a fire retardant based on diammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfate (at consumption of 168.2 g/m2 of dry fire-retardant components). The modeling employed the results from the experimental determining of the ignition temperature of unprotected and fire-proof wood, specifically: 235 °C – for unprotected wood, 410 °C – for fire-proof wood, respectively. The results of mathematical modeling and experimental studies confirm the possibility of significant lengthening of time from the onset of fire exposure to the ignition of fire load from wood when nitrogen-phosphorus impregnating agents are used for fire protection. Procedures of mathematical modeling have been proposed to build models for determining the cooling effect from the use of impregnating fire retardants to protect the wood on the prolongation of the stage of a fire start. Mathematical modeling data could be applied when making impregnating fire retardants

Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

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