Exneriana – II – The Scientific Legacy of John E. Exner, Jr. 1Part of this paper was presented at the XIXth International Congress of Rorschach and Projective Methods, July 22–26, 2008, Louvain, Belgium.

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Andronikof
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Response Process ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
Projective Test ◽  
Projective Methods ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Complex Mechanisms

Based on an analysis of John Exner’s peer-reviewed published work from 1959 to 2007, plus a brief comment for an editorial in Rorschachiana, the author draws a comprehensive picture of the scientific work of this outstanding personality. The article is divided into three sections: (1) the experimental studies on the Rorschach, (2) the clinical studies using the Rorschach, and (3) Exner’s “testament,” which we draw from the last paper he saw published before his death (Exner, 2001/2002). The experimental studies were aimed at better understanding the nature of the test, in particular the respective roles of perception and projection in the response process. These fundamental studies led to a deeper understanding of the complex mechanisms involved in the Rorschach responses and introduced some hypotheses about the intentions of the author of the test. The latter were subsequently confirmed by the preparatory sketches and documents of Hermann Rorschach, which today can be seen at the H. Rorschach Archives and Museum in Bern (Switzerland). Exner’s research has evidenced the notion that the Rorschach is a perceptive-cognitive-projective test.

scholarly journals Toxic Animal-Based Medicinal Materials Can Be Effective in Treating Endometriosis: A Scoping Review

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Su-In Hwang ◽  
Young-Jin Yoon ◽  
Soo-Hyun Sung ◽  
Ki-Tae Ha ◽  
Jang-Kyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dependent Growth ◽  
Gynecological Disorder ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Animal toxins and venoms have recently been developed as cancer treatments possessing tumor cell growth-inhibitory, antiangiogenesis, and proapoptotic effects. Endometriosis is a common benign gynecological disorder in reproductive-age women, and no definite treatment for this disorder is without severe side effects. As endometriosis and malignant tumors share similar characteristics (progressive, invasive, estrogen-dependent growth, and recurrence), animal toxins and venoms are thought to be effective against endometriosis. The objective of this study was to outline studies using toxic animal-based medicinal materials (TMM) as endometriosis treatment and to explore its clinical applicability. Preclinical and clinical studies using TMM were searched for in four databases from inception to October 2020. A total of 20 studies of TMM on endometriosis were included. In eight clinical studies, herbal medicines containing TMM were effective in relieving symptoms of endometriosis, with no side effects. In twelve experimental studies, the main therapeutic mechanisms of TMM against endometriosis were proapoptotic, antiangiogenesis, estrogen level-reducing, and possible anti-inflammatory effects. TMM are thus considered promising sources for the development of an effective treatment method for endometriosis. Further studies are needed to clarify the therapeutic mechanism of TMM against endometriosis and to provide sufficient grounds for clinical application.

scholarly journals CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS OF THE XXI CENTURY: NEW HORIZONS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Феликс Лещенков ◽  
Feliks Leshchenkov ◽  
Саяна Бальхаева ◽  
Sayana Balkhaeva ◽  
Олеся Сакаева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Law ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
International Congress ◽  
Labor Rights ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Asian Pacific Region ◽  
Constitutional Reforms

On 1—2 of December 2015 the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law jointly with the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission of Council of Europe) held V International Congress of Comparative Law “Constitutional reforms in the XXI century: new horizons”. The task of international congress was to summarize existing experience of constitutional changes in the modern world, to reveal basic trends of current constitutional reforms, and to develop ways of their further progress. The Congress featured plenary meeting as well as sections (“Main trends of constitutional development in the modern world: general and special; Constitutional reforms: vectors of democratic development”; “Constitutional reforms: changes in the private sphere”) and round tables (“The role of the Council of Europe in constitutional reforms”; “Constitutional reforms in Asian-Pacific region: comparative legal analysis”; “Constitutional models in Latin America”; “Social and labor rights of citizens as a factor of constitutional stability and economic growth”. The review of scientific work of the V International Congress of Comparative Law is followed by presentation of recommendations, adopted as a result of its work.

scholarly journals Post-operative capsular opacification

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Raj ◽  
AR Vasavada ◽  
SR Kaid Johar ◽  
VA Vasavada ◽  
VA Vasavada
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Crystalline Lens ◽  
Posterior Capsular Opacification ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Physiological Consequence ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Capsular Bag

Post-operative capsular opacification (PCO) is a multifactorial physiological consequence of cataract surgery. Opacification involving the central posterior capsule has a significant impact on high and low contrast acuity and low contrast sensitivity. The assessment of PCO on cadaver eyes, experimental studies and culture models and in clinical studies has provided an understanding of its pathogenesis. The proliferation, migration and abnormal differentiation of residual lens epithelial cells and fibers in the capsular bag have been implicated in the pathogenesis of PCO. The incidence and severity of PCO correlates to the use of surgical techniques, intraocular lens (IOL) optic edge designs and IOL materials. This article summarizes the clinical studies with recommendations for retarding the development of central PCO. It discusses experiments with pharmacological agents broadly categorized as anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulating, antiproliferative, antiadhering and antitransdifferentiating agents for the prevention of PCO. These studies will remain critical for future endeavors undertaken for the eradication of PCO. Key words: posterior capsular opacification; capsular opacification; cataract; crystalline lens; phacoemulsification DOI: 10.3126/nepjoph.v1i1.3673 Nep J Oph 2009;1(1):43-59

Pain processing in Schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 2130-2130
Author(s):  
O. Bonnot ◽  
S. Tordjman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Pain Sensitivity ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Pain Expression ◽  
Endogenous Analgesia

We will propose a critical review of the scientific literature regarding pain and schizophrenia, examine the empirical basis for the reported pain insensitivity of schizophrenia, and emphasize the distinction between behavioral responses to pain or self-reported pain and physiological response to painful stimuli. Litterature is scarse and could be classified in 4 groups: case reports (n = 9), clinical studies (n = 23), experimental research (n = 20) and review articles (n = 5).The analysis of Case reports and clinical studies show reduced pain reactivity in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls or other psychiatric patients. In the same vein, experimental studies using self-report measures of pain reactivity generally reported higher pain perception thresholds in patients with schizophrenia. However, the only experimental study using a neurophysiological measure of pain reactivity (the nociceptive RIII reflex) demonstrated a normal pain threshold in schizophrenia.Review of clinical and experimental data indicates that in most situations behavioral pain reactivity and self-reported responses to pain are reduced in schizophrenia. However, there is little or no physiological evidence supporting pain insensitivity in schizophrenia. It can be suggested that the widely accepted notion of reduced pain sensitivity in schizophrenia is related more to a different mode of pain expression than to a real endogenous analgesia. We will also present preliminary data on pain sensitivity associating behavioural pain reactivity measurements, "objective" electrophysiological assessments and neurovegetative function recordings. Our results are in the line of the literature and strongly suggest that there is no analgesia in schizophrenia but a different mode of pain expression.

scholarly journals On Bill Gates (One Billiton Gaharu for One Village)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ary Syofian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Bill Gates ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
Innovative Idea ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccencis) is the most expensive crop of non-wood forest products(HHBK) Indonesia. Aromatic substances of gaharu make this commodity has a high valuein the world. Gaharu is a multifunctional plant that is rich in benefits, including for healthneeds, beauty industry, and ritual. PT. Gaharu Wood Indonesia declared West Sumatera in1985 once scored history as a producer of the best gaharu commodity in the world.However, the high selling value of gaharu encourages people to exploit gaharu plantsregardless of their sustainability, so that the gaharu plant population is decreasing. Thisdoes not support the implementation of Law no. 39 of 2014 on the development, revocationand processing of plantations. Therefore, prevention efforts need to be done withconservation measures, namely through the program On Bill Gates Entrepreneurship (OneBillion Gaharu for One Village Program) as an Effort to Optimalize Integrated EstateEstate Community Through Gaharu Cultivation In Kenagarian Barulak, West Sumatera toAchieve SDG's 2030 On Bill Gates is intended as a form of attention of the younggeneration in preserving the potential of gaharu plants in improving the economic value ofthe community and realizing a global competitive farming business. The method of writingthis scientific paper is descriptive qualitative, which provides a comprehensive picture of aproblem that develops with an innovative idea that will be used as a preventive solution.The output of this scientific work is the realization of farming in Kenagarian Barulak, WestSumatera that potentially increase the economic value of society, and encourage the younggeneration to be able to move in participatory in realizing Indonesia's sustainabledevelopment.Keyword: gaharu (aquilaria malaccencis), on bill gates, SDG’s 2030

scholarly journals A Critical Review on Balachaturbhadra Churna: An Effective Ayurveda Formulation for the Pediatric Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Abhishek Joshi ◽  
Shrikrishna Rajagopala ◽  
Patel Kalpana S.
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
The Impact

Balachaturbhadra Churna offers a multitude of health benefits for which it has become so poapular prescription by Kaumarbhritya practioners of Ayurveda. It is a combination of four drugs Musta, Pippali, Ativisha and Karkatashringi. This combination was first mentioned in Chakradatta and has been in practice since a millennium. Many queries have been raised on the usage of Aconite species of drugs recently, thus doubting the safety and efficacy of Balachaturbhadra Churna. Very few works have been published on Balachaturbhadra Churna till now. The aim of the present study was to compile and review such available references from classics and research works published on Balachaturbhadra Churna. Total five studies are published on Balachaturbhadra Churna, which revalidated the impact of classical guidelines. The research papers revealed standards of Quality Control and pharmacological efficacy of the drug. All the experimental studies revealed that Balachaturbhadra Churna is having no toxic hazards at very higher Dose levels, proving it safe for therapeutic use. Though certain limitations were observed in these researches, the results can be considered as a lead for further well stratified clinical studies.

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