Effect of Ti on Formability of IF Steels

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 195-198
Author(s):  
Su Young Kim ◽  
Il Dong Choi ◽  
Ik Min Park ◽  
Kyung Mok Cho
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Texture Development ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Function Measurement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
R Value ◽  
Ti Content

The influence of the texture development in Ti-added (0.03, 0.05 and 0.07wt%) IF (Interstitial Free) steels on physical properties, especially ř -value was investigated. It was intended to determine the proper Ti content for the promotion of deep drawability as well as mechanical properties of IF steels. The precipitation behavior in the IF steels was clarified with the aid of computer simulation. The quantitative X-ray analysis on the texture development of IF steels was performed using pole figure and orientation distribution function measurement. For the IF steel with the composition of 0.025C, 0.070Mn, 0.002N and 0.007S, the optimum Ti content was found to be 0.05wt%.

Effect of Phosphorus on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Interstitial Free Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 433-436
Author(s):  
Zhi Fen Wang ◽  
Rong Dong Han ◽  
Shun Bin Zhou ◽  
Hai E Huang ◽  
Li Xin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
P Content ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
R Value ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

Effect of phosphorus content on the mechanical properties and microstructure of IF steel sheets was investigated. Average grain size and recrystallization texture were measured by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). The results showed that the higher P resulted in higher tensile strength and lowered the elongation and r-value. The average grain size increased with decreasing P content. The //ND (γ-fiber) pole intensity had a lowest value for IF steel with the highest P content which in turn deteriorate r-value. The element P played an important role in recrystallization process which affected the mechanical properties and microstructure of IF steels.

Texture Development in Interstitial Free (IF) Steel Subjected to Two Cycles of Equal Channel Angular Extrusion

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 809-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Pereloma ◽  
Azdiar A. Gazder ◽  
Chris H.J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Grain Refinement ◽  
Pole Figure ◽  
Simple Shear ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Texture Development ◽  
Shear Direction ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel

Texture development and grain refinement of interstitial-free (IF) steel as a function of ideal simple shear or torsion was undertaken for up to 8 pressings, Route BC. Dominant texture components evolved after a single pass and remained correspondent for all subsequent passes. End-cycle (4 and 8 pass) orientation distribution functions (ODFs) showed an increased spread of contour levels and the re-appearance of texture components similar to the 0-pass condition. Rotation of torsion components away from their ideal pole figure (PF) orientations increased at mid-cycle and decreased to almost equivalent levels after end-cycle passes. This is attributed to the principle slip directions of BCC structures aligning with the shear direction.

Texture Development during Mechanical r-Value Determination

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 1493-1498
Author(s):  
Christian Klinkenberg ◽  
Helmut Klein ◽  
Jörg Gerlach
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Texture Development ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Tensile Test Specimen ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Steel Grades ◽  
R Value ◽  
Value Determination

This investigation aimed at the understanding of texture development during r-value determination by uniaxial tensile testing. Special emphasis was given to examine the texture evolution in the deformation zone of the tensile test specimen during mechanical r-value determination. The textures of different sheet steel grades were investigated in different deformation stages by the orientation distribution function (ODF) and mechanical testing.

scholarly journals Accumulative Roll Bonding of Pure Copper and IF Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Tamimi ◽  
Mostafa Ketabchi ◽  
Nader Parvin ◽  
Mehdi Sanjari ◽  
Augusto Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Accumulative Roll Bonding ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Ultrafine Grain ◽  
Crystallographic Structure ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Roll Bonding

Severe plastic deformation is a new method to produce ultrafine grain materials with enhanced mechanical properties. The main objective of this work is to investigate whether accumulative roll bonding (ARB) is an effective grain refinement technique for two engineering materials of pure copper and interstitial free (IF) steel strips. Additionally, the influence of severely plastic deformation imposed by ARB on the mechanical properties of these materials with different crystallographic structure is taken into account. For this purpose, a number of ARB processes were performed at elevated temperature on the materials with 50% of plastic deformation in each rolling pass. Hardness of the samples was measured using microhardness tests. It was found that both the ultimate grain size achieved, and the degree of bonding depend on the number of rolling passes and the total plastic deformation. The rolling process was stopped in the 4th cycle for copper and the 10th cycle for IF steel, until cracking of the edges became pronounced. The effects of process temperature and wire-brushing as significant parameters in ARB process on the mechanical behaviour of the samples were evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of Isothermal Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cold-Deformed IF Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Reyes Barragan ◽  
Roberto Ademar Rodriguez Diaz ◽  
Maria Luisa Ojeda Martinez ◽  
Silvia Gaona Jimenez ◽  
Julio Alberto Juarez Islas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Graphical Model ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Stress ◽  
Isothermal Treatment ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Secondary Refining ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Hot Rolled

In this study, we investigated the recrystallisation kinetics of Ti-stabilised interstitial-free (IF) steel manufactured by the Mexican steel industry through the route of electric arc furnace with vacuum degassing, secondary refining, and subsequent continuous casting. The IF steel was hot-rolled at 950°C and then cold-rolled until deformation of 94% was attained, followed by recrystallisation at different times at a constant temperature of 780°C. In addition, the mechanical properties of the IF steel were assessed as a function of recrystallisation time. The results obtained from the mechanical property tests were presented in the form of plots of microhardness, yield strength, ultimate tensile stress, and deformation percent as functions of the recrystallised fraction with an indirect dependence on recrystallisation time. A graphical model of the recrystallisation behaviour showed the evolution of the microstructure, including phase transformations, hardness, and the mechanical properties determined from the tensile tests. In view of subsequent recovery and recrystallisation, stored energy analysis derived from the strain induced by deformation was presented. Furthermore, we determined the precipitates formed in the different processing stages of IF steel.

Influence of Boron on Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Hot-Rolled Interstitial Free Steel

2005 ◽  
Vol 495-497 ◽  
pp. 537-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.I. Kim ◽  
Shi Hoon Choi ◽  
Yeon Chul Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Softening Behavior ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Dynamic Softening ◽  
Work Hardening Rate ◽  
Hot Rolled

This paper examines an effect of boron (B) on dynamic softening behavior, mechanical properties and microstructures for Nb-Ti added high strength interstitial free (IF) steel. For this purpose, IF steels containing 0ppm B, 5ppm B and 30ppm B were chosen. Continuous cooling compression test was performed to investigate dynamic softening behavior. Mechanical properties and microstructures of pilot hot-rolled IF steel sheet were analyzed by uni-axial tensile test and electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD). It was found that no-dynamic recrystallization temperature (Tndrx) which can be determined from the relationship between flow stress and temperature is a constant of 955oC for all IF steels. However, an addition of B into IF steels increases work hardening rate at the temperature below Tndrx. It was also verified that B retards phase transformation of austenite into ferrite. EBSD analysis revealed that absence of B induces fine ferrite grain size and many high angle grain boundaries.

The In Situ Study on the Micro-Structural Characters of IF Steel at Early Stage of Recrystallization Using High-Energy X-Ray

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 972-977
Author(s):  
He Tong ◽  
Yan Dong Liu ◽  
Q.W. Jiang ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
G. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cold Rolled

High-energy synchrotron diffraction offers great potential for experimental study of recrystallization kinetics. A fine experimental design to study the recrystallization mechanism of Interstitial Free (IF) steel was implemented in this work. In-situ annealing process of cold-rolled IF steel with 80% reduction was observed using high-energy X-ray diffraction. Results show that, the diffraction intensity of {001}<110> and {112}<110> belong to α-fiber texture component decreased with the annealing temperature increased while {111}<110> did nearly not change and {111}<112> increased; the FMTH decreasing and d-space changing with annealing temperature increasing indicated that the residual stress relaxed completely during recovery.

Formability Evaluation of Galvannealed (GA), Hot-Dip Pure Zn Galvanized (GI), Electrogalvanized (EG) and Electrogalvanized Prephosphated (EGP) Interstitial Free Steelaluation

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Miranda ◽  
J. R. G. Carneiro ◽  
P. P. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Crystallographic Texture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Optic Microscopy

The formability of galvannealed (GA), hot-dip pure Zn galvanized (GI), electrogalvanized (EG), and electrogalvanized prephosphated (EGP) interstitial free (IF) steel sheets was studied. The phases in the Fe-Zn system were characterized using electronic and optic microscopy as well as X-ray diffraction. Behavior of the Zn coating when subjected to stretching, bending and drawing was also assessed. Comparison between the performance of large-scale industrial production of GA, GI, EG and EGP coated steels was made possible. The GI steels presented the best results, due to the predominantly basal crystallographic texture, lower friction coefficient with commercial oils and better press-forming response in the pressure range of 135-180kgf/cm2. It was also observed that the phosphate present in the EGP steels protected the structure of the EG coating, reducing the friction coefficient. Lastly, differences between the coatings, regarding stretching, bending and drawing, were confirmed.

Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Ferritic-Rolled Ultra-Low Carbon (ULC) and Ti-Stabilized Interstitial-Free (Ti-IF) Steels

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1657-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Tao Han ◽  
Zuo Cheng Wang ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Wen Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Rolling Process ◽  
Rolling Temperature ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Deep Drawability ◽  
R Value ◽  
Ferrite Region ◽  
Ferritic Rolling

In this paper, effects of ferritic rolling process on microstructures and mechanical properties especially drawability of ultra-low carbon (ULC) and Ti-stabilized interstitial-free (Ti-IF) steels were investigated and the precipitates of ferritic-rolled Ti-IF steels were also analyzed. The results show that good deep drawability are achieved as IF steels are ferritic rolled in good lubricant condition; on the contrary, lubricant condition has less influence on the deep drawability of ULC steels. And with the decrease of rolling temperature in ferrite region, deep drawability of Ti-IF steels are improved, but for ULC steels, when ferritic rolled at low temperature, the r-value is still less than one, which means insignificant deep drawability.

Development on a New Interstitial-Free Steel with △r ≤0.3

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 711-716
Author(s):  
Li Bo Pan ◽  
Yin Ping Hu ◽  
Xing Wei ◽  
Rui Ge ◽  
An Long
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Interstitial Free Steel ◽  
New Type ◽  
Annealing Experiments

Traditional IF steel is Ti-IF steel for low cost. Some car producer require IF steel to have good mechanical properties with low delta r (plastic stain ratio) value (△r) as well as high performance after welding. A new IF steel was developed by adjusting amount of Nb and Ti based on Ti-IF steel and employing suitable parameters in manufacturing processes. Annealing experiments were made to decide reasonable annealing temperature. The final products exhibit good isotropy with △r ≤0.3. This new type IF steel also had good performances after welding by analyzing results of some key parameters, which can totally meet requirement of car producer.

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