Microstructural Analysis of Clay Ceramic Added with Blast Furnace Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 718-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Vieira Riter ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira ◽  
Veronica Scarpini Candido ◽  
Sergio Neves Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Steel Making ◽  
Blast Furnace Sludge ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Ceramic Microstructure ◽  
Clay Body ◽  
Green Clay ◽  
Scanning Electron

The microstructure of a clay ceramic added with blast furnace sludge, a residue generated at integrate steel making plants, has been analyzed. This analysis was performed by means of optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy. The green clay body was added with 5 and 10 wt% of blast furnace sludge. A pure clay body was also considered as reference. These clay bodies were fired at 750°C and 950°C. The results indicated that the ceramic microstructure is non-uniform with both residue particles and pores dispersed throughout the clay matrix. Microcracks are also observed as a consequence of weak adhesion of the residue to the clay. At the higher firing temperature of 950°C the microstructure displayed a smoother surface due to the formation of low melting phases.

scholarly journals Microstructural Analysis of Fractured Orthopedic Implants

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2209
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kopec ◽  
Adam Brodecki ◽  
Grzegorz Szczęsny ◽  
Zbigniew L. Kowalewski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Locking Plate ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Orthopedic Implants ◽  
Mechanical Loads ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, fracture behavior of four types of implants with different geometries (pure titanium locking plate, pure titanium femoral implant, Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy pelvic implant, X2CrNiMo18 14-3 steel femoral implant) was studied in detail. Each implant fractured in the human body. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the potential cause of implants fracture. It was found that the implants fracture mainly occurred in consequence of mechanical overloads resulting from repetitive, prohibited excessive limb loads or singular, un-intendent, secondary injures. Among many possible loading types, the implants were subjected to an excessive fatigue loads with additional interactions caused by screws that were mounted in their threaded holes. The results of this work enable to conclude that the design of orthopedic implants is not fully sufficient to transduce mechanical loads acting over them due to an increasing weight of treated patients and much higher their physical activity.

Characterization of Elephant Grass Ash as a Potential Clay Ceramic Addition

2014 ◽  
Vol 805 ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Marcia Ferreira Dias da Silva ◽  
Karla Albernaz Sales ◽  
Veronica Scarpini Candido ◽  
Sergio Neves Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Clay Body ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
Fluxing Agent ◽  
Scanning Electron

The elephant grass (Pennicetum purpureum) is traditionally used both as fresh feedstock for cattle and, dried, as fuel for ceramic production in Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil. In the present work the bottom ash generated after dry grass incineration in a ceramic furnace was characterized for a possible addition into red clay ceramics. The characterization comprised the ash morphology by laser microscopy, scanning electron microscopy coupled with EDS and thermal behavior by thermogravimetry as well as differential thermal analysis. These results indicated that the elephant grass ash could be added into a clay body not only as a fluxing agent but also to improve the particles compaction before firing.

Deepwater sculpin, Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Girard) from a Pleistocene nodule, Green Creek, Ontario, Canada

1979 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1621-1628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald E. Champagne ◽  
C. R. Harington ◽  
Don E. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Lacustrine Environment ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Ultraviolet Lamp

A nodule containing the cranium of a deepwater sculpin, Myoxocephalus thompsoni (Girard), was discovered in Pleistocene Champlain Sea deposits at Green Creek, 10 km east of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and represents the first fossil reported for the species. It provides an additional basis for refuting derivation of the species from a post-Wisconsin marine submergence and suggests an origin at the beginning of the Wisconsin or earlier. Habitat preferences of the species favour an oligotrophic lacustrine environment with bottom summer temperatures below 8 °C in the Champlain Sea or nearby lake basin. The head length of the fossil is 28 mm, the estimated standard length 86 mm. Use of a longwave ultraviolet lamp with the fossil improved contrast between the bones and the clay matrix in photographs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of bone in the fossil failed to detect the presence of strontium.

scholarly journals Investigation of the effect of carbon nanotubes on electrical properties of woven fiberglass/epoxy composite laminate

2019 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 00019
Author(s):  
Elivazeta Kalugina
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Composite Laminate ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Lcr Meter ◽  
Cracking Zone ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effect of epoxy modified by 0.05 wt. % of CNTs on electrical properties of woven fiberglass/epoxy composite laminate was examined. The electrical resistance was measured using 4-point probe method and LCR-meter during cyclic tensile and fatigue test. Microstructural analysis using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) was carried out. Based on the experimental data, the increase in load is accompanied by growth in electrical resistance. The change in resistance after 20 cycles was up to 3 %. During fatigue test, the change in resistance was considerable and made up to 25 % in cracking zone of the sample and over 110 % at the failure mode.

Precursors Influence on CaCu3Ti4O12 Synthesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1313-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Virginia Gelfuso ◽  
Gabriel Moreira Lima ◽  
Daniel Thomazini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Copper Nitrate ◽  
N Powder ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this work CCTO have been synthesized in two different chemical precursors: calcium hydroxide and copper sulfate were used to compose CCTO-S powder while calcium carbonate and copper nitrate were used to form CCTO-N powder. Calcinations conditions were dramatically different in terms of shelf time and temperature. The CCTO phase was fully obtained for 3 hours of calcination in CCTO-N against the 24 hours to form the same phase in CCTO-S powder. Ceramic bodies densities values for CCTO-S samples were 95% of theoretical density (5.05 g/cm3) and 98% for CCTO-N. The dielectric constant, at room temperature, was obtained for ceramics processed by two routes. Microstructural analysis was conducted by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and it was performed to explain the dielectric constant differences between CCTO-S and CCTO-N ceramics.

Characterization of Fluorescent Lamp Glass Waste Powders

2012 ◽  
Vol 727-728 ◽  
pp. 1579-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alline Sardinha Cordeiro Morais ◽  
Thaís Cristina da Costa Caldas ◽  
Sérgio Neves Monteiro ◽  
Carlos Maurício Fontes Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Fluorescent Lamp ◽  
Glass Waste ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Clay Body ◽  
Scanning Electron

Industrialized component wastes, regularly discarded by the society, are increasingly contributing to the environmental pollution. The glass of these lamps is contaminated with mercury, which a serious hazard due to conventional recycling by melting with other glasses. A possible solution could be its incorporation into a clay body to fabricate common fired ceramics such as bricks and tiles. The objective of this work is to characterize a type of glass to be incorporated into a clayey ceramic. The glass analyzed was obtained from fluorescent lamps, which was passed through mercury decontamination process and ground into powder. This glass powder was tested for X-ray fluorescence, DTA/DTG, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and optical dilatometry. The results showed that the glass presents sintering and softening points around 650 °C and 800 °C, respectively. The chemical analysis indicated the presence of impurities in considerable amounts in the composition of the fluorescent lamp glass waste.

scholarly journals Microstructural Analysis of Concrete Using Cow Bone Ash for Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR) Suppression

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Adanikin Ariyo ◽  
Funsho Falade ◽  
Adewale Olutaiwo
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Alkali Silica Reaction ◽  
Bone Ash ◽  
Cow Bone ◽  
Scanning Electron

Concrete pavements are prone to microstructural changes and deterioration when exposed to Alkali-Silica Reaction (ASR). ASR results in strength reduction, cracking, spalling and other defects in the concrete if left unchecked. Supplementary Cementitious Materials (SCMs) such as Cow Bone Ash (CBA) however can be used to improve concrete performance, hence its use in this study. Concrete samples were prepared at replacement levels of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 30% of cement with Cow Bone Ash. The concrete samples were then subjected to petrographic and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Petrographic examination shows that the minimal and least amount of ASR gels and micro cracking were observed at 15% CBA replacement of cement in the concrete samples. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that changes in the elemental composition of the concrete samples is related to the effect of CBA which enhances adhesion in the concrete. SEM analysis show that, in general, the change in microstructure in the concrete was mainly due to the change in the arrangement of the C-H-S compounds. The microstructure analysis indicates that CBA in concrete influences the densification of the concrete at the transition zone, resulting in a much lower porosity. This results in the concrete having a tightly bound layer that repels ingress of water and thereby inhibiting cracks and gel formation as water is a contributing factor to the ASR in concrete.

scholarly journals Microstructure Analysis of Magnesium Alloy Electrodes in Seawater Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Rezza Ruzuqi ◽  
Victor Danny Waas ◽  
Muhammad Ali Ulath
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Scanning Electron

Microstructural analysis has been performed on magnesium alloy electrodes, the material used for saltwater lantern batteries. This research aims to obtain detailed and accurate information needed to support the analysis of magnesium alloy corrosion resistance caused by the electrolysis process using various analytical methods in SEM(Scanning Electron Microscopy). It is a tool that uses an electron beam to display the surface structure and composition of a test material. The test carried out on this magnesium alloy electrode is to crush the electrode into a fine powder. Then the powder is put into a container for SEM-EDS testing. Magnifications start from 1,000xuntil 15,000x. The results showed that the greater the magnification on the microscope, the more it was seen that the lumps looked brittle. Then on the surface of the magnesium alloy electrodes, 58.00 wt% magnesium material is contained.

scholarly journals Microstructural characterisation of the Ypresian clays (Kallo-1) at nanometre resolution, using broad-ion beam milling and scanning electron microscopy

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hemes ◽  
G. Desbois ◽  
J. Klaver ◽  
J.L. Urai
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Boom Clay ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Pore Size Distributions ◽  
Clay Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractBesides the Oligocene Boom Clay, the Ypresian clays – part of the Eocene Ieper Group (Kortrijk Formation and Kortemark Member) – are currently being investigated as an alternative host rock for the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste in Belgium and the Netherlands. In this study, broad-ion-beam milling and high resolution scanning electron microscopy (BIB-SEM) analyses were carried out to analyse the mineral fabrics and microstructures of representative Ypresian clay samples from different depths of the ON-Kallo-1 borehole (Kallo, Belgium). Qualitative microstructural observations indicate that mineral fabrics and pore morphologies in fine-grained samples are comparable to those found for fine-grained Boom Clay, but most of the Ypresian clay samples analysed also contained a significant silt fraction, which is associated with larger inter-aggregate pores, coated by a thin, very low porous clay layer. Quantitative pore-shape analysis shows lower axial ratios and elongations, as well as higher roundness and circularities for pores in the clay matrix of the more coarse-grained samples, compared to the fine-grained samples. The contribution of large pores (>1 × 107nm² pore area) to the total BIB-SEM observed porosity was found to correlate with the non-clay mineral (NCM) content of a sample. Frequencies of pore sizes within the clay matrix follow a power-law distribution, hinting towards the possibility of up-scaling of the nanometre-scale observations to larger scale (micro-) structural features of the material. Power-law exponents are comparable to values found for power-law pore-size distributions within the clay matrix of the Boom Clay, which indicates similarity of the pore-space morphologies within the clay matrix of the Boom Clay and the Ypresian clays. Wood's metal injection, followed by (cooled BIB)-SEM analysis shows that all visible pores are connected via pore throats of diameter down to ~10 nm.

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