High Speed Rail Awaits the next Breakthrough of Power Semiconductors

2014 ◽  
Vol 778-780 ◽  
pp. 1071-1076
Author(s):  
Tetsuo Uzuka ◽  
Eisuke Masada
Keyword(s):  
High Voltage ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Power Semiconductors ◽  
Power Semiconductor ◽  
Flexible Ac Transmission ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Ac Transmission

High Speed Rail (HSR) is expanding rapidly in the whole world in this decade. Almost all the high-speed trains are fed by high-voltage AC and are equipped with several large motors. In addition, High-speed trains have a strict restriction for both mass and size. Thus, HSR needs power semiconductors that can handle high-voltage and giant current. In addition, EMC problems become larger in these days, thus higher speed of switching is expected. From simple silicon diodes in 1960s, thyristors, GTO thyristors, IGBTs and until new wide gap devices such like SiC, the progress of power semiconductor and cooling system directly pulls the performance of high-speed rolling stock. In some cases, fixed installations for HSR are equipped with flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) such as static VAR compensators (SVC), also.

scholarly journals Infrastructure costs and benefits of European high-speed rail

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
Nedžad Branković ◽  
Aida Kalem
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Rail Network ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Conventional Rail ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

The development of new technologies has significantly influenced railways modernization and has caused the appearance of high-speed rail which represent a safe, comfortable and ecologically sustainable way of transportation. The high-speed rail present a big step in a relation to conventional railways, where the biggest difference is speed which even entails a change of other organizational and operational parameters, better utilization of trains, higher performance of manpower and better service to users.  That is visible in many cities around the world where high-speed trains are used by billions of users. In the EU there is no unique high-speed railway network, besides that in many EU member countries various operational models are applied. The future of the high-speed railways market depends on political, economical and technical factors and challenges as high infrastructure costs, various rates of return on investment and the negative effects of economic crises. The main objective of the paper is to analyze infrastucture costs of high-speed rail in Europe and benefits such us  time savings, higher reliability, comfort, safety, reducing pollution and the release of capacity in the conventional rail network, roads and airport infrastructure.

scholarly journals A Grey-BPNN Model for Evaluating the Competitiveness of Chinese Contractors in the High-Speed Rail Market in Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yi-Hsin Lin ◽  
Biling Shi ◽  
Po-Han Chen ◽  
Zhao Xu ◽  
Huimin Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Management Ability ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Grey Relational ◽  
Technology Level ◽  
Bpnn Model

With the planning and progress of the construction of the trans-Eurasian high-speed rail (HSR) network, it becomes an important issue for Chinese contractors to enter the European HSR market. Facing the world’s most competitive contractors and their high technology levels, Chinese contractors will need to know their advantages and disadvantages, so as to make necessary improvements. In this study, contractors for HSR are divided into two groups: construction contractors and rail equipment suppliers. In order to evaluate the competitiveness of HSR contractors, a Grey-BPNN model that combines the grey relational analysis and backpropagation neural network (BPNN) is proposed. The Grey-BPNN model is expected to analyze the overall competitiveness of Chinese contractors in the European HSR market and provide informative decision support for them. The study results show the following: (1) in the field of HSR construction, the competitiveness gap between the top-tier Chinese contractors and the most competitive international contractors is small. Chinese contractors’ competitive advantages lie in medium- and low-technology-level projects, with a strong development potential. However, they highly depend on Chinese domestic market and lack in intangible resources, like management ability and market development ability; (2) for rail equipment suppliers, China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation (CRRC) ranks among the top-tier leaders of the international market. CRRC’s greatest competitor in the European HSR market is Siemens, and CRRC is much more competitive than others in the sustainable development capability. However, CRRC needs to increase the quantity of patents and Research and Development (R&D) expenditures in transportation. As a weak transportation patent holder, CRRC has a potential risk of getting intellectual property litigations in the European HSR market.

scholarly journals Technical parameters of high speed lines as the determinant for selection of rolling stock

2018 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 06007
Author(s):  
Jan Raczyński
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Rail Vehicle ◽  
Railway Infrastructure ◽  
The One ◽  
Selection Of

Choosing a high-speed rail vehicle depends on many factors. On the one hand, there are requirements for ensuring the quality of service for passengers, on the other hand, there are constraints resulting from the parameters of available infrastructure. Also a relation of the benefit and financial costs associated with the purchase and the operation of rolling stock is essential. Technical characteristics of vehicles selected for operating a particular system is a compromise between the three groups of requirements. In this article technical parameters of railway infrastructure and rolling stock are classified and then analysed from the TSI requirements point of view.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pendolino high-speed rail on the structure of buildings located in the proximity of railway tracks

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
K. Grębowski ◽  
Z. Ulman
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
High Speed Trains ◽  
Railway System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The following research focuses on the dynamic analysis of impact of the high-speed train induced vibrations on the structures located near railway tracks. The office complex chosen as the subject of calculations is located in the northern part of Poland, in Gdańsk, in the proximity of Pendolino, the high speed train route. The high speed trains are the response for the growing needs for a more efficient railway system. However, with a higher speed of the train, the railway induced vibrations might cause more harmful resonance in the structures of the nearby buildings. The damage severity depends on many factors such as the duration of said resonance and the presence of additional loads. The studies and analyses helped to determinate the method of evaluating the impact of railway induced vibrations on any building structure. The dynamic analysis presented in the research is an example of a method which allows an effective calculation of the impact of vibrations via SOFISTIK program.

Probabilistic Analysis of Flying Ballast on High-Speed Rail Lines

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jieyi Deng ◽  
Guoqing Jing ◽  
Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Probabilistic Assessment ◽  
High Speed Train ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Ballasted Track

Safety is a top priority for the development of worldwide high-speed rail systems. Ballast flying is a particular safety concern when a high-speed train is traveling above a certain speed on the ballasted track. Displaced ballast particles from the track may cause damages to rolling stock, as well as the track infrastructure and wayside structures close to the sides of way. The objective of this research is to develop a probabilistic modeling framework to estimate the probability of ballast flight on specific segments or routes, accounting for several principal risk factors. Based on the probabilistic assessment, we propose a methodology to quantify the probability of flying ballast under certain scenarios. The methodology can be further developed, ultimately enabling a normative risk assessment for flying ballast risk management.

High Speed Rail: Track Construction Considerations

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blaine O. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Track Geometry ◽  
Slab Track ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Track System ◽  
Ballasted Track

This paper discusses general High Speed Rail (HSR) track geometry, construction and maintenance practices and tolerances. The discussion will reference several key international projects and highlight different construction methods and the track geometry assessments used to establish and ensure serviceability of a typical HSR system. Historically, established tighter tolerances of “Express” HSR (i.e. operating speeds greater than 240 km/h or 150 mph) systems have favored the use of slab track systems over ballasted track systems. Slab track systems offer greater inherent stability while ballasted track systems generally require more frequent track geometry assessments and anomaly-correcting surfacing operations. The decisions related to which system to use for a given application involve numerous considerations discussed only briefly in this paper. In many cases, the optimal solution may include both track forms. Rolling stock considerations and their influence on track infrastructure design are considered beyond the scope of this paper. This paper will focus predominantly on two slab track systems widely used in international HSR projects: the Japanese J-slab track system; and the German Rheda slab track system. The French track system will be referenced as the typical ballasted track HSR design. The practices discussed in this paper generally apply to systems which are either primarily or exclusively passenger rail systems. In the U.S., these types of systems will necessarily exclude the systems the Federal Railway Administration (FRA) refers to as “Emerging” or “Regional” HSR systems which include passenger train traffic to share trackage on, what are otherwise considered, primarily freight lines.

scholarly journals HSR Development in Russia Considering the Dynamics of Passenger Traffic and Public Opinion

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 248-270
Author(s):  
E. A. Ivanova ◽  
T. A. Flyagina
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Survey Analysis ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Transportation Services ◽  
Passenger Traffic

To study the problems and opportunities for implementation of high-speed railway (HSR) projects, as well as to confirm the potential demand for highspeed transportation services, the authors studied public opinion regarding three of the potential HSR lines as well as the experience of foreign countries in implementation of projected passenger traffic, financing of construction of high-speed main lines and assessing their impact on the general economic growth of regions.When conducting the study, the authors used the methods of a questionnaire sociological survey, analysis, comparison, induction.The main results of the study have shown that in development and implementation of expensive highspeed rail projects, it is of particular importance to identify the demand of passengers for high-speed transportation, the general attitude and readiness of the population of countries to use such main lines. The article has studied the dynamics of demand for passenger transportation by branded and non-branded trains on key directions, which made it possible to identify several of them as the most promising for development of high-speed lines. The sociological research carried out by the authors, using the method of questioning in social networks, made it possible to reveal the attitude of the country’s residents towards the most potentially promising for high-speed rail projects directions: Moscow–St. Petersburg, Moscow– Kazan and Moscow–Rostov-on-Don. According to the results of the survey, Russians have a positive attitude to development of high-speed railways in the country, most of the respondents intend to use them when it is necessary to make interurban trips, especially on Moscow–St. Petersburg route.The authors present the external economic effects and risks of development of high-speed railways in Russia. The effects comprise the growth of the population’s transport mobility. The potential risks of developing high-speed rail projects are associated with complexity of ensuring reliable operation of rolling stock and infrastructure of these main lines under difficult climatic conditions in Russia, as well as with high cost of travel for Russians, which negatively affects demand. To overcome the latter risk, it is important to form a positive image of projects by modelling public opinion.

Traffic safety and dynamic properties of the bridge deck of high-speed railway lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Yu. Polyakov ◽  
Dang Ngoc Thanh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Bridge Deck ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
High Speed Railway ◽  
Critical Speeds ◽  
Near Resonance

Abstract. High-speed lines are one of the safest modes of transport, despite the special conditions for moving the wheel along the rail. The urgent task is to ensure the sustainable motion of the wheel along the rail over the bridges in high-speed traffic. A feature of high-speed lines (HS lines) is the practical achievement of critical speeds that cause resonance of bridge deck structures. Cases of rolling stock derailments on high-speed lines are not frequent. The article provides information about rolling stock derailments on high-speed rail and its consequences. Standards for the stability of wheels on rails in various countries with high-speed rail were considered. On the bridges of high-speed lines there are not many elements of the track that are strong dampers — the roadbed, its base and ballast. Due to the lack of damping elements, the damping properties of the bridge deck are of great importance. When driving over the bridge with critical speeds causing near-resonance oscillations, the force in the wheel—rail contact may drop to zero with the risk of derailment. Insufficient damping poses a threat to traffic safety. Thus, one of the most important dynamic parameters — damping — is a problem for a ballastless track on high-speed railway bridges. Considerations are given for the correct determination of stiffness associated with damping and affecting the interaction of rolling stock and bridge deck. It is shown that in case of insufficient damping at the fastening points on the bridges, the risk of derailment increases due to a fall of the vertical force below the permissible limit at the wheel—rail contact. Results of computer performed experiments are presented, confirming that it is precisely the significant oscillations of the bridge deck structures that are a safety hazard, since when the first car passes, the force at the contact of the wheel and rail for the first wheelset is safe. Requirements for damping parameters are given, ensuring reliable contact of the wheel and rail with significant fluctuations in bridge deck structures on high-speed lines. Results are presented, showing the dependence of required damping on the stiffness of intermediate rail fasteners.

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