Effects of Pore-Forming Agent on Characterization of NiO/YSZ Porous Anode for SOFC

A comparative study has been carried out on the effects of pore-forming agents on the microstructural characteristics and properties including porosity, microstructures, linear sintering shrinkage and mechanical strength of NiO/yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ). Different pore-forming agents (soluble starch, graphite and activated carbon) were incorporated into NiO/YSZ at various mass mixing ratios (5%, 10% and 15%). The experimental results show that under the condition of same content, sintered samples using activated carbon as pore-forming agent had a higher porosity than that with identical content of the other two kinds of pore-forming agents. Sintered samples with 10.0 wt% activated carbon had a porosity of 35%. Section morphologies show that pores distributed uniformly and connected very well in the anode with activated carbon as pore-forming agent. The mechanical strength of these sintered samples with carbon as pore-forming agent was also higher. With the activated carbon particle size decreasing (from 100 mesh to 320 mesh), the open porosity of porous NiO/YSZ was reduced (from 31.7% to 30.9%). It may be concluded that The activated carbon is the better choice as pore-forming agent for NiO/YSZ anode.

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Characterization of carbon materials and differences from activated carbon particle (ACP) and coal briquettes product (CBP) derived from coconut shell via rotary kiln

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.099 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 1175-1186 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Kittiphop Promdee ◽

Jirawat Chanvidhwatanakit ◽

Somruedee Satitkune ◽

Chakkrich Boonmee ◽

Thitipong Kawichai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Rotary Kiln ◽

Carbon Materials ◽

Carbon Particle ◽

Coconut Shell

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Preparation of a New Iron-Carbon-Loaded Constructed Wetland Substrate and Enhanced Phosphorus Removal Performance

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13214739 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (21) ◽

pp. 4739

Author(s):

Jie Zhao ◽

Jingqing Gao ◽

Junzhao Liu

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Phosphorus Removal ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽

Carbon Particle ◽

Carbon Substrate ◽

Synthesis Conditions ◽

Phosphorus Containing ◽

New Type

Iron-carbon substrates have attracted extensive attention in water treatment due to their excellent processing ability. The traditional iron-carbon substrate suffers from poor removal effects, separation of the cathode and anode, hardening, secondary pollution, etc. In this study, a new type of iron-carbon-loaded substrate (NICLS) was developed to solve the problems of traditional micro-electrolytic substrates. Through experimental research, a preparation method for the NICLS with Fe and C as the core, zeolite as the skeleton, and water-based polyurethane as the binder was proposed. The performance of the NICLS in phosphorus-containing wastewater was analyzed. The results are as follows: The optimal synthesis conditions of the NICLS are 1 g hydroxycellulose, wood activated carbon as the cathode, an activated carbon particle size of 200-60 mesh, and an Fe/C ratio of 1:1. Acidic conditions can promote the degradation of phosphorus by the NICLS. Through the characterization of the NICLS (scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), etc.), it is concluded that the mechanism of the NICLS phosphorus removal is a chemical reaction produced by micro-electrolysis. Using the NICLS to treat phosphorus-containing wastewater has the advantages of high efficiency and durability. Therefore, it can be considered that the NICLS is a promising material to remove phosphorus.

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Pretreatment of Switchgrass for Production of Glucose via Sulfonic Acid-Impregnated Activated Carbon

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9030504 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 504

Author(s):

Yane Ansanay ◽

Praveen Kolar ◽

Ratna Sharma-Shivappa ◽

Jay Cheng ◽

Consuelo Arellano

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Solid Acid ◽

Methanesulfonic Acid ◽

Biofuel Production ◽

Acid Catalysts ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Carbon Catalysts ◽

Hydrolysis Of

In the present research, activated carbon-supported sulfonic acid catalysts were synthesized and tested as pretreatment agents for the conversion of switchgrass into glucose. The catalysts were synthesized by reacting sulfuric acid, methanesulfonic acid, and p-toluenesulfonic acid with activated carbon. The characterization of catalysts suggested an increase in surface acidities, while surface area and pore volumes decreased because of sulfonation. Batch experiments were performed in 125 mL serum bottles to investigate the effects of temperature (30, 60, and 90 °C), reaction time (90 and 120 min) on the yields of glucose. Enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated switchgrass using Ctec2 yielded up to 57.13% glucose. Durability tests indicated that sulfonic solid-impregnated carbon catalysts were able to maintain activity even after three cycles. From the results obtained, the solid acid catalysts appear to serve as effective pretreatment agents and can potentially reduce the use of conventional liquid acids and bases in biomass-into-biofuel production.

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