Set Point Based Material Selection Method in Case of Recycled Polypropylene Application

2017 ◽  
Vol 885 ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
György Czél ◽  
Mate Zattler
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Strength Parameter ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Capillary Rheometry ◽  
Set Point ◽  
Recycled Polypropylene ◽  
Injection Moulding Process

Due to the economic reasons of the injection moulding process, robust technology set point was given in the case of a polypropylene part manufacturing. The part, named lid plate was a relatively humble product not sensitive for small strength parameter changing. K392 coded polypropylene (PP) was given as reference raw material for injection moulding. The technical task was to replace the reference material by using recycled PP. It was necessary to keep the production cycle term. The flow characteristics of the offered recycled polymers were previously unknown. New method and capillary rheometry experimental technique was used to aid the material selection. In the method, the repeatability and the accuracy of rod type capillary rheometry was investigated in order to get more reliable flow behavior data of recycled PP polymer. Relatively low repeatability deviance could be determined in the range of 800-1100 s-1 shear rate range by using rod capillary rheometry. By means of the adequate validated rheometry, the recycled polypropylene could be applied for the given technology set point based forming process.

scholarly journals A Development Methodology for Copper End Termination Paste — Part 1: Origin of Green Defects

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Process Condition ◽  
Viscoelastic Behavior ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Raw Material Selection

Copper (Cu) based pastes have emerged as the termination materials of choice for ceramic capacitors with base metal internal electrodes. To prevent oxidation of nickel (Ni) internal electrode and the copper terminations, it is necessary to fire the terminations in a nitrogen atmosphere. This requirement places significant restrictions on raw material selection for the termination pastes. For example, acrylic-based resins are used as organic binder for their clean burning characteristics over the traditional ethyl cellulose based binder system. As the viscoelastic behavior of acrylic resin systems are different to those of cellulose systems, differences are observed in the flow behavior of the paste. In this paper, the influence of paste rheology on the green cosmetic defects such as mooning, peaking, etc. is discussed. Additionally, the influence of process condition such as dipping parameters, drying conditions etc., on the green cosmetic defects are discussed. Finally, properties of a copper termination, which can be processed between 800–825°C, are discussed.

scholarly journals Total Life Cycle of Polypropylene Products: Reducing Environmental Impacts in the Manufacturing Phase

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1901
Author(s):  
Viktoria Mannheim ◽  
Zoltan Simenfalvi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Production Phase ◽  
Complete Life Cycle ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Total Life

This paper assesses the environmental burdens of a polypropylene product throughout the product’s life cycle, especially focusing on the injection-moulding stage. The complete life cycle model of the polypropylene product has been developed from the raw material extraction and production phase through its usage to the end-of-life stage with the help of the life cycle assessment method. To find the answers to the posed problems, different impacts were analysed by GaBi 8.0 software. The analysis lasted from the cradle to the grave, expanding the analysis of the looping method. The aim of the research was to determine the energy and material resources, emissions, and environmental impact indicators. Basically, the article tried to answer three questions: (1) How can we optimize the production phase for the looping method? (2) Which materials and streams are recyclable in the design of the production process? (3) What is the relationship between life cycle stages and total life cycle of the product? As we inspect the life cycle of the product, the load on the environment was distributed as follows: 91% in the production phase, 3% in the use phase, and 6% in the end-of-life phase. The results of the research can be used to develop technologies, especially the injection-moulding process, with a lower environmental impact.

Investigation of the specific adhesion between polyurethane foams and thermoplastics to suited material selection in lightweight structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 720-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Schäfer ◽  
Susann Anders ◽  
Stefan Valentin ◽  
Frank Helbig ◽  
Jürgen Tröltzsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Composite ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Polyurethane Foams ◽  
Sandwich Composite ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Injection Moulding Process

Lightweight construction combines various materials to create resource efficient components. Thermoplastics (TPs) combined with polyurethane (PUR) foams are increasingly used to create hybrid composites. Optimizing the energy efficiency is one of the main issues in the development of production processes of components. Reducing the number of process steps offers great potential in this respect. PUR foam develops a strong adhesive bond with most materials. This is used for the manufacturing of hybrid composite components by filling complex cavities with PUR foam simultaneously bonded with other TP polymer components. This way, one process step for joining is saved. The interfaces in this composite structures are critical points of the failure. A huge variety of TP is used for the production of hybrid composite components and PUR foam develops varying bonding strengths with all of them. Selecting the suitable TPs for a durable bonding with PUR foam in the desired production process necessarily requires information about the respective specific adhesion. In this investigation, different TPs were processed with PUR foams in order to manufacture sandwich composites. The TP facings are produced in the injection moulding process. Subsequently, the facings are combined with the foam core during reaction injection moulding. The wetting behaviour was examined using the contact angle measurement and the mechanical strength of the interface in the sandwich composite was determined using a tensile test. A precise order of the selected TPs concerning their specific adhesion to PUR foams was achieved with these investigative methods.

β-Glucan content, viscosity, and solubility of Canadian grown oat as influenced by cultivar and growing location

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Perez Herrera ◽  
Jun Gao ◽  
Thava Vasanthan ◽  
Feral Temelli ◽  
Kelly Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Flow Behavior Index ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Oat Cultivars ◽  
Oat Flour ◽  
Raw Material Selection ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Behavior Index

The composition and physicochemical properties of oat flour with respect to β-glucan content and its solubility and viscosity were investigated. Eight oat cultivars grown in 20 prairie locations for three consecutive years were examined in this study to establish how cultivar, growing location, and their interaction influence the abovementioned attributes. It was found that the β-glucan content was primarily influenced by oat cultivar, while growing location and the interaction between cultivar and location had minimal effect. Among the eight cultivars, HiFi had the highest β-glucan content (5.82% w/w), while Derby had the lowest (4.37% w/w). Growing location, oat cultivar, and their interaction had a significant effect on β-glucan solubility and viscosity. The β-glucan solubility differed among oat cultivars, where 28.44–34.28% of the β-glucan present in the oat flour could be solubilized at 37°C. Viscosity was evaluated by consecutive fixed speed tests at shear rates of 1.29–129 s−1. Results showed that shear rate, growing location, and cultivar affected viscosity. The flow behavior index (n) for all β-glucan dispersions indicated shear-thinning behavior. HiFi had the highest β-glucan solubility and viscosity among all the cultivars analyzed. The findings provide insight into raw material selection and variations in raw material characteristics when targeting specific oat product applications.

Rheological Investigation of ZK60 Magnesium Alloy Feedstock for Metal Injection Moulding Using Palm Stearin Based Binder System

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 4126-4130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ruzi Harun ◽  
N. Muhamad ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Nor Hafiez Mohamad Nor ◽  
Mohd Halim Irwan Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Palm Stearin ◽  
Mg Alloy ◽  
Flow Behavior Index ◽  
Volume Percentage ◽  
Flow Activation Energy ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Metal Injection Moulding ◽  
Injection Moulding Process

This paper investigates the characteristic important to metal injection moulding (MIM) process via rheological behavior of MIM feedstock. A gas atomized spherical ZK60 magnesium (Mg) alloy powder and the binder of 60wt.% palm stearin (PS) + 40wt.% low density polyethylene (LDPE) were used in this investigation. Prior to mixing process, critical powder volume percentage (CPVP) was determined and subsequently four different feedstocks with powder loading of 62, 64, 66 and 68vol.% were prepared. The properties of the feedstocks were then analyzed rheologically. Here, the flow behavior index n, the flow activation energy E and the mold ability index αSTV of the Mg alloy MIM feedstocks were determined. Results show that feedstock with 64% powder loading has the best rheological properties and therefore it is considered to be the best for the injection moulding process.

Influence of the Recycled Material Percentage on the Mechanical Behaviour of HDPE for Injection Moulding Process for an Ecologycal Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 445 ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Javierre ◽  
Angel Fernandez ◽  
Victor Camanes
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behaviour ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Injection Moulding ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Moulding Process ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Injection Moulding Process ◽  
Recycled Material

Nowadays plastic materials recycling aims most of the time to use the recycled material to manufacture products of less requirements than the original products, so the material is depreciated. It would be important to recycle plastic materials to use them for the same applications they were initially used. To make this possible it would be necessary to characterize the recycled material properties, design products taking into account that they are going to be produced with recycled material and to be able to recuperate the product at the end of its lifetime. An example of this designing philosophy is going to be presented in this work, applied to large trash containers produced withHDPE (RIGIDEX5740UA), where the product can be easily recovered at the end of its lifetime and also the amount of polymer material wasted during thermoplastic injection moulding is very high. Recycling mills convert parts into small pieces that are used as feed material for injection again, by mixing it in different percentages with raw material. This mixture of both raw and recycled material modifies material properties according to the percentage of recycled material introduced. Some of the properties affected by this modification are those related to mechanical behaviour. This paper analyzes the mechanical behaviour of material with different percentages of recycled material. Test parts have been injected with different percentage of recycled material and have been tested by a tensile machine. Results like; Stress at yield, Stress at break and Young Modulus have been calculated and analysed. The product of this work has been designed using only one plastic material, which is very helpful from the point of view of manufacturing and recycling.In these kinds of parts a very tight safety factor is used, thats why to know exactly material properties is very important during its design.

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