The Effect of Milling Time on the Size of Silica Particles from Silica Sand

We report a method to adjust the size of silica nanoparticles from silica sand. In this study, synthesized silica nanoparticles by sol gel process from silica sand were conducted, with previously was controlled the size of silica sand by mechanical milling. Silica sand was milled by High Energy Milling in order to reduce the size into powder form. Effect of milling time shown the content of sodium and silicon is increased in sodium silicate solution obtained from various times of silica sand milling (30, 60 and 90 minutes, respectively) which is reacted with sodium hydroxide 8 M. The result of silica nanoparticles from sol gel process of sodium silicate solution were characterized using atomic absorption spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. It was found that the size of silica nanoparticles could be tailored with the change of milling time.

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Facile Synthesis Silica Nanoparticles from Indonesia Silica Sand and their Physico-Chemical Properties

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.862.35 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 862 ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Agus Ismail ◽

Ariffinisa Lintang Widyaningtyas ◽

Bambang Heru Susanto ◽

Mohammad Nasikin

Keyword(s):

Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Spherical Shape ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

Silica Sand ◽

Easy Method ◽

Simple Method

Silica nanoparticles are a very promising functional material when purified from silica sand for wide application. In addition, a low cost and easy method to obtain the material will be increasing the value of silica sand. To synthesize of nanoparticles using an easily scalable, cheap and simple method, we suggest a sodium silicate solution as a precursor that silica sand was diluted on the NaOH. After that, the sodium silicate solution under various alcohols (methanol and ethanol) in the acid medium was conducted by sol gel method to obtain silica nanoparticles. The synthesized of silica nanoparticles was observed to the non-agglomerate, homogeneous and spherical shape with an average size about 200 nm. We also noted the existence of NaNO3 by side product of reaction on the system, which may be the amorphous silica unidentified on the XRD results.

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Synthesis of Silica Materials from the Slurry Waste

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.765.79 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 765 ◽

pp. 79-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zih Yao Shen ◽

Zhong Chen Lu ◽

Yun Chi Liu ◽

Maw Tien Lee

Keyword(s):

Silicon Carbide ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Liquid Mixture ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Solar Energy Industry ◽

Silicon Silicon

In solar energy industry, large amount of slurry wastes were produced during the wafer dicing process. The slurry waste contains silicon, silicon carbide and cutting oil. In this study, silicon in the slurry waste was treated with sodium hydroxide to produce a liquid mixture of the sodium silicate. The residue of the reaction was silicon carbide. The liquid mixture was separated to be a sodium silicate solution and used as a silica precursor for producing the silica powder and a hydrophobic silica aerogel by using the sol-gel method. The products were characterized by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and powder X-ray diffraction (pXRD). Experimental results show that the characteristics of the products produced from the slurry waste are similar to that obtained by using the pure sodium silicate solution. It indicates that the wafer dicing slurry waste has a high potential to be a resource for other industries.

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Pressure-Induced Geopolymerization in Alkali-Activated Fly Ash

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10103538 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 3538 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sol Park ◽

Hammad Khalid ◽

Joon Seo ◽

Hyun Yoon ◽

Hyeong Son ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Sodium Hydroxide ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

Elevated Pressure ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

27Al Mas Nmr ◽

Alkali Activated

The present study investigated geopolymerization in alkali-activated fly ash under elevated pressure conditions. The fly ash was activated using either sodium hydroxide or a combination of sodium silicate solution and sodium hydroxide, and was cured at 120 °C at a pressure of 0.22 MPa for the first 24 h. The pressure-induced evolution of the binder gel in the alkali-activated fly ash was investigated by employing synchrotron X-ray diffraction and solid-state 29Si and 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy. The results showed that the reactivity of the raw fly ash and the growth of the zeolite crystals were significantly enhanced in the samples activated with sodium hydroxide. In contrast, the effects of the elevated pressure conditions were found to be less apparent in the samples activated with the sodium silicate solution. These results may have important implications for the binder design of geopolymers, since the crystallization of geopolymers relates highly to its long-term properties and functionality.

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Formation of Geopolymers Using Sodium Silicate Solution and Aluminum Orthophosphate

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13184202 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (18) ◽

pp. 4202

Author(s):

Stephan Partschefeld ◽

Torben Wiegand ◽

Frank Bellmann ◽

Andrea Osburg

Keyword(s):

Sodium Silicate ◽

Ph Value ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Amorphous Phases ◽

Amorphous Aluminosilicate ◽

Kinetics Of ◽

Aluminum Orthophosphate

This paper reports the formation and structure of fast setting geopolymers activated by using three sodium silicate solutions with different modules (1.6, 2.0 and 2.4) and a berlinite-type aluminum orthophosphate. By varying the concentration of the aluminum orthophosphate, different Si/Al-ratios were established (6, 3 and 2). Reaction kinetics of binders were determined by isothermal calorimetric measurements at 20 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis as well as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements were performed on binders to determine differences in structure by varying the alkalinity of the sodium silicate solutions and the Si/Al-ratio. The calorimetric results indicated that the higher the alkalinity of the sodium silicate solution, the higher the solubility and degree of conversion of the aluminum orthophosphate. The results of X-ray diffraction and Rietveldt analysis, as well as the NMR measurements, confirmed the assumption of the calorimetric experiments that first the aluminum orthophosphate was dissolved and then a polycondensation to an amorphous aluminosilicate network occurred. The different amounts of amorphous phases formed as a function of the alkalinity of the sodium silicate solution, indicate that tetrahydroxoaluminate species were formed during the dissolution of the aluminum orthophosphate, which reduce the pH value. This led to no further dissolution of the aluminum orthophosphate, which remained unreacted.

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Effect of reaction time on formation of silica core/shell particles

Processing and Application of Ceramics ◽

10.2298/pac1504209n ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 209-214 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Milan Nikolic ◽

Radoslav Filipovic ◽

Slobodanka Stanojevic-Nikolic

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Mesoporous Silica ◽

Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

Core Shell ◽

Silica Core ◽

Shell Particles ◽

Core Particles

The silica core/shell nanostructures were prepared by a wet-chemical process. Silica core particles were prepared by hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethylorthosilicate. The obtained particles (average size ~0.4 ?m) were used as templates for assembling of silica nanoparticles generated from highly basic sodium silicate solution. The silica core particles were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to allow electrostatic assembling of silica nanoparticles on the surface of silica core particles. In order to find the optimal conditions for synthesis of silica core/shell particles with mesoporous shells, the effect of reaction time on formation of silica nanoparticles was investigated. The effect of process parameters on generation and aggregation of silica nanoparticles prepared from highly basic sodium silicate solution was also investigated. It was shown that the size of silica nanoparticles and tendency towards aggregation increase with increasing the reaction time and temperature. These behaviours were reflected on the formation of mesoporous silica shell around silica core particles. Thin and uniform mesoporous silica layers were obtained if reaction times were kept short. When the reaction time was prolonged, the thicker and non-uniform shells were obtained.

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ADSORPTION OF Mg(II) AND Ca(II) ON DISULFONATO-SILICA HYBRID

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.21334 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 223-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Choiril Azmiyawati ◽

Nuryono Nuryono ◽

Narsito Narsito

Keyword(s):

Sodium Silicate ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

Disulfonic Acid ◽

Rice Hull ◽

Rice Hull Ash ◽

Solution Ph ◽

System Solution ◽

Silica Hybrid

Adsorption of Mg(II) and Ca(II) on disulfonato-silica hybrid (DSSH) in the aqueous solution has been studied. The hybrid was synthesized by sol-gel process with sodium silicate solution from rice hull ash, chloroprophyltrimethoxysilane (CTS) and 4-amino-5-hydroxy-naphtalene-2,7-disulfonic acid monosodium salt (ANSNa) as silica source, cross linker and active group, respectively. Sodium silicate solution was reacted with CTS and ANSNa that were added dropwise. Adsorption of magnesium and calcium ions on DSSH was carried out in a batch system. Solution pH significantly affected magnesium and calcium adsorption and the optimum condition was obtained at pH = 6. The synthesized DSSH showed a high adsorption capacity of 0.0844 mmol/g and 0.1442 mmol/g for Mg(II) and Ca(II), respectively. The adsorption isotherm obtained with Langmuir isotherm model gives the negative values of ΔG°, i.e. -23.334 kJ/mol and -22.757 kJ/mol for Mg(II) and Ca(II), respectively, indicating the spontaneous process of adsorption. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions onto HDSS follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics.

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JOINT TREATMENT OF BENTONITES WITH INORGANIC POLYELECTROLYTES AND CATIONIC SURFACTANTS IN ORDER TO PROMOTE ORGANOCLAY EXFOLIATION

IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA ◽

10.6060/ivkkt.20196205.5746 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (5) ◽

pp. 71-77

Author(s):

Viktor A. Gerasin ◽

Viktor V. Kurenkov

Keyword(s):

Polymer Composites ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Young Modulus ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

New Approach ◽

Polymer Properties ◽

Activated Bentonite ◽

Set Up

A new approach to production of organomodified bentonites is offered. Bentonites are consecutively treated with inorganic polyelectrolyte (sodium silicate solution) and quaternary ammonium salts, as a result exfoliated organoclays are obtained. An ejector set up has been used for treatment of natural bentonites. Samples of activated bentonites treated in the ejector set up with sodium silicate solution (up to 21 g of sodium silicate per 100 g of bentonite) were prepared. Structure of the obtained bentonite and organoclay samples was established by X-ray diffraction analysis. It has been shown that treatment of the activated bentonite with sodium silicate does not influence the structure of the non-modified bentonite particles, but facilitates exfoliation of clay after organomodification. Polymer composites based on EVA containing 5% wt. of bentonites were prepared by extrusion mixing. In case of non-modified bentonites microcomposites are formed. In case of organomodified bentonites, not treated with sodium silicate, intercalated nanocomposites are formed. Treatment of bentonite with sodium silicate solution and subsequent organomodification ensures the production of exfoliated nanocomposite. Mechanical properties of obtained polymer composites were determined. Incorporation of 5% wt. clays or organoclays into the polymer material leads to increase in Young modulus (up to 50%), tensile strength (up to 20%); elongation at break decreases by 10% or less. In order to ensure the more significant reinforcing effect in EVA composites optimization of the organomodified bentonite composition (selection of surfactant and its content in the organoclay) has to be carried out with account for the polymer properties.

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Coating of 2-Aminobenzimidiazole and 1-(o-Tolyl)biguanide Functionalized Silicas on Iron Sand Magnetic Material for Sorption of [AuCl4]–

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.34653 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 395

Author(s):

Nuryono Nuryono ◽

Nur Mutia Rosiati ◽

Abraham L Rettob ◽

Suyanta Suyanta ◽

Yateman Arryanto

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Material ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

Isotherm Models ◽

Order Model ◽

Batch System ◽

Sol Gel Process ◽

Pseudo Second Order

Two novel materials of 2-aminobenzimidiazole (AB) and 1-(o-tolyl)biguanide (TB) modified silicas coated on the iron sand magnetic material (MM@SiO2/AB and MM@SiO2/TB) have been synthesized and were used to adsorb Au(III) from Au/Cu/Ni solution. Silica layering MM was modified with polyamino compounds via a sol-gel process using a sodium silicate solution, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (CPTS) and modifier compounds. Adsorption of Au(III) on MM@SiO2/AB and MM@SiO2/TB was investigated in a batch system by varying pH, initial concentration, contact time and the presence of other metal ions (Cu(II) and Ni(II)). The results showed that MM@SiO2/AB and MM@SiO2/TB were successfully synthesized through the sol-gel process using cross-linking agent CPTS. Adsorption of Au(III) on MM@SiO2/AB and MM@SiO2/TB decreased with the increase of pH and followed the Langmuir isotherm models with adsorption capacity of 17.15 and 9.44 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption kinetics fit to pseudo-second-order model with the rate constants of 1.16 × 10-2 and 1.46 × 10-2 g mg-1 min-1, respectively. MM@SiO2/AB and MM@SiO2/TB gave a high selectivity towards Au(III) in a mixture of Cu(II) and Ni(II). The desorption using thiourea 1 M solution in 1 M HCl of metal ions showed that percentage of Au(III) desorbed was higher than that of Cu(II) and Ni(II).

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Coating of L-Arginine Modified Silica on Magnetite through Two Different Sol-Gel Routes

Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.22146/ijc.22521 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 256 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amaria Amaria ◽

Suyanta Suyanta ◽

Nuryono Nuryono

Keyword(s):

Functional Groups ◽

Sodium Silicate ◽

Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽

Metal Ion ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Sodium Silicate Solution ◽

Silicate Solution ◽

Amino Groups ◽

Modified Silica ◽

Metal Ion Removal

In this research, magnetite coated with L-arginine modified silica (Fe3O4/SiO2-GPTMS-Arg) has been synthesized through a sol-gel process at a room temperature in two Routes. In Route 1, a precursor of sodium silicate solution (source of SiO2), 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as a coupling agent and L-arginine (Arg) as the source of functional groups were added sequentially to magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4). Gelling was carried out by adding HCl solution dropwise to the mixture to reach pH of 7.0. The product was washed with water and ethanol and then dried at 65 °C for 1 day. In Route 2, sodium silicate solution was added to a mixture of GPTMS and L-arginine, and then the sol obtained was added into magnetite nanoparticles. The results were characterized with FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, atomic absorption spectroscopy and volumetric method to identify functional groups, crystal size, iron ions released and amino groups content, respectively. The results showed that Fe3O4/SiO2-GPTMS-Arg has been successfully synthesized through both two routes. Route 1, however, gave product of Fe3O4/SiO2-GPTMS-Arg more stable and more content of amino groups than Route 2. The presence of amino groups leads to the application of the product for metal ion removal from aqueous solution.

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