Study on Effect of Tool Overhang on Machining Characteristics of Al 7075-T6 in Orthogonal Turning Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 969 ◽  
pp. 870-875
Author(s):  
K. Uday Venkat Kiran ◽  
Chetan Rodge ◽  
Rameshwar Dhurve ◽  
Romil Jain ◽  
Ravikumar Dumpala
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Orthogonal Turning ◽  
Overhang Length

In the present experimental study, the effect of turning tool overhang on the chip morphology and vibrations during orthogonal turning has been investigated. Orthogonal cutting (turning) setup was developed to ensure the cutting process happens in a 2-dimesional plane. Orthogonal cutting was realized by turning a circular tube with geometry of 33.88 mm external diameter and 3.5 mm wall thickness (7075-T6 Alloy). High speed steel (HSS) rod with a square cross-section (1⁄2 x 1⁄2 square inch) was used to fabricate the orthogonal turning tool with a geometry of 15 ̊ back rake angle and 9 ̊ clearance angle. The cutting experiments were conducted for different tool overhang lengths (2cm, 3cm, 4cm, 5cm & 6cm) by keeping constant cutting speed (25 m/min) and feed (0.15mm/rev). The vibrational characteristics were measured using accelerometer and Ni-DAQ card. The morphology and microstructure of the chips collected during cutting were studied under optical microscope using metallographic procedures. It was found that for increasing overhang length of cutting tool the chips serrations was found increasing. The frequency of cutting tool and amplitude of vibration was found increasing with increasing tool overhang length.

Investigation of Surface Characteristics and Chip Morphology in High Speed Cutting of Inconel718 Based on SHPB System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengqiang Wang ◽  
Zhanfei Zhang ◽  
Wenhu Wang ◽  
Ruisong Jiang ◽  
Kunyang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
High Speed Cutting

Abstract High speed cutting (HSC) technology has the characteristics of high material removal rates and high machining precision. In order to study the relationships between chip morphology and machining surface characteristic in high speed cutting of superalloy Inconel718. High-speed orthogonal cutting experiment are carried out by used a high speed cutting device based on split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The specimen surfaces and collected chips were then detected with optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and three-dimensional surface profile measuring instrument. The results show that within the experimental parameters (cutting speed from 8–16m/s, depth of cut 0.1–0.5mm), the obtained chips are sawtooth chips and periodic micro-ripple appear on the machined surface. With the cutting speed increases, machining surface roughness is decreases from 1.4 to 0.99μm, and the amplitude of periodic ripples also decreases. With the cutting depth increases, the machining surface roughness increases from 0.96 to 5.12μm and surface topography becomes worse. With the increase of cutting speed and depth of cut, the chips are transform from continues sawtooth to sawtooth fragment. By comparing the frequency of surface ripples and sawtooth chips, it is found that they are highly consistent.

Mechanism of Chip Deformation in Orthogonal Cutting the Wheel Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 375-376 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Kai Xue ◽  
Xiang Ming Xu ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Chip Formation ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Wheel Steel ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Orthogonal Turning ◽  
On Chip

The chip formation and morphology are definitely affected by tool geometry and cutting parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cutting. An experiment investigation was presented to study the influence of tool geometry on chip morphology, and to clarify the effect of different cutting parameters on chip deformation in orthogonal turning the wheel steel. The result obtained in this study showed that tool geometry affected the chip morphology significantly; cutting speed was the most contributive factor in forming saw-tooth chip.

A Comparative Study of High Speed Orthogonal Turning of AISI4340 by Three Different Finite Element Models

2013 ◽  
Vol 589-590 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Tao Wang ◽  
Li Jing Xie ◽  
Xi Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Finite Element Models ◽  
Feed Force ◽  
Orthogonal Turning ◽  
Deform 2D ◽  
Explicit Dynamic ◽  
Chip Separation

The aim of this paper is to compare the predicting ability of the orthogonal cutting models developed by three commonly used finite element softwares, namely commercial explicit dynamic code Abaqus/explicit, Thirdwave AdvantEdge and implicit finite element codes Deform 2D. In all proposed models, the chip formation was simulated through adaptive remeshing and plastic flow of work material around the round edge of the cutting tool. Therefore, there was no need for a chip separation criterion which made the physical process simulation more realistically. Predicted cutting, feed force and shear angle were compared with experimental results. In addition, the effect of friction coefficient on the chip morphology was investigated as well.

Computer Simulation of AISI D2 Orthogonal Cutting Using Finite Element Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 499 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
L. Yan ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Y.M. Rong
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Aisi D2 ◽  
Cutting Processes

This paper presented a finite element simulation model for the analysis of AISI D2 orthogonal cutting process using TiAlN coated inserts. Firstly, AISI D2 material constitutive model was built based on power law model, which was used in the FEM codes to describe the effect of strain, strain rate and temperature on the material flow stress. In modeling the chip formation, a damage model was employed to predict the chip separation. Then cutting edge radius and thickness of TiAlN coating of cutting tool were measured by SEM. Friction coefficients of cutting tool against AISI D2 steel were obtained by ball-on-plate friction tests on UMT-2 high speed tribometer. Finally, finite element simulations of AISI D2 orthogonal cutting processes were performed using AdvantedgeTM software. The simulated results of cutting forces and chip morphology showed good agreement with the experimental results, which validated the reliability of the cutting process simulation method.

Study on Chip Morphology and Adiabatic Shear in High Speed Cutting of Alloy Steels with Different Hardness

2010 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 875-879
Author(s):  
Chun Zheng Duan ◽  
Hong Hua Li ◽  
Min Jie Wang ◽  
Yu Jun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Shear Band ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Adiabatic Shear Band ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Adiabatic Shear ◽  
Serrated Chip ◽  
High Speed Cutting

The chip morphology and the formation and development of the adiabatic shear band within the serrated chips formed in high speed cutting of 30CrNi3MoV steel with two tempering hardness were observed and analyzed using optical microscope and SEM. The investigation shows that as the adiabatic shear phenomenon occurs and develops, the chip morphology changes as follows: ribbon chip→serrated chip with deformed band→serrated chip with transformed band→fractured chip. The cutting speed and tempering hardness is the two main factors affecting adiabatic shear, in the case of lower cutting speed the formation and development of adiabatic shear band are more sensitive to tempered hardness increase. The deformed shear bands are constituted by large deformed microstructure, while the formation of the transformed shear bands has experienced the large plastic deformation and grain refinement.

Bearing Rings Turning and the Impact of this Process for Resulting Durability of Selected Cutting Materials Durability

2015 ◽  
Vol 669 ◽  
pp. 278-285
Author(s):  
Anton Panda ◽  
Ján Duplák ◽  
Miroslav Kormoš ◽  
Slavko Jurko
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Price Cutting ◽  
Cutting Ceramic ◽  
Bearing Rings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tool Durability

Essential factors of each new discovery or piece of knowledge in science are predetermined, prepared and realized experiment. Every successfully realized experiment with obtained outputs and measurements indicates the gauge of asset that has been achieved by its execution. After analyzing of outputs final dependencies can be described that generalize whole experiment and allow entire process to be analytically identified. The production of bearings is very difficult process. Especially production of bearing rings is very complicated. Optimization of this process means significant savings for the company. Bearing rings are produced by turning. One of the most important parts of the turning process is cutting tool. On the base of cutting tools are determined many factors for example: quality, price, cutting speed, etc. All these factors of cutting tools are the only consequence of these cutting tools durability. Cutting tool durability determines its cutting properties and machinable ability. Specification of tool wear by means of calculation is very difficult. Durability of cutting tools is defined in standard ISO 3685. In standard ISO 3685 is definedT-vcdependence for different cutting materials and standard included process evaluation of tool durability for cutting materials made of high speed steel, sintered carbide and cutting ceramic. The article describes evaluation ofT-vcdependence on the selected type of cutting materials and theirs comparison with measured values T-vc dependence that are defined in standard ISO 3685.

Observations on the Angle Relationships in Metal Cutting

1959 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Eggleston ◽  
R. Herzog ◽  
E. G. Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Shear Plane ◽  
Energy Criterion ◽  
The Hill

Orthogonal-cutting experiments using SAE 1112 free-cutting steel, 2024-T4 and 6061-T6 aluminum alloys, and alpha-brass (85 Cu-15 Zn) at feeds of 0.002 to 0.010 ipr, were performed on a lathe with 18-4-1 high-speed-steel cutting tools. The mean cutting speeds and rake angles for SAE 1112 varied from 33.7 to 170.8 fpm and 5 to 40 deg, respectively, while the remainder of the alloys were tested at conditions yielding a continuous chip without a built-up edge at speeds ranging from approximately 470 to 790 fpm. It was found that the angle λ between the shear plane and the resultant tool force R was only approximately constant for each test condition and varied with cutting speed. Hence the equation λ = ϕ + β − α = const and the linear relationship between ϕ and β − α are only approximately satisfied. Furthermore, neither the Ernst and Merchant minimum-energy criterion, nor the Lee and Shaffer nor the Hill ideal plastic-solid solution, is in agreement with all the experimental observations.

scholarly journals Cutting performance of deep cryogenic treated and nitrided HSS cutting tool inserts

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217
Author(s):  
Sanja Šolić ◽  
Zdravko Schauperl ◽  
Vlado Tropša
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Cutting Performance ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment

High speed steel (HSS) is a very important industrial tool material and has been constantly improved for different wear resistance applications and cutting tools, i.e. drills, milling cutters, hobs and for the cutting tools in which the economical cutting speed is too low for choosing the carbide tools. The properties of HSS depend significantly on the parameters of the conducted heat treatment. In this paper, the influence of deep cryogenic treatment in combination with nitriding of metallurgical powder metallurgy HSS on the wear resistance was measured. Additionally, the cutting performance in a single point cutting tool machinability test at the configuration of the dry low-speed turning of steel was investigated. The results showed that deep cryogenic treatment itself, and in combination with nitriding, resulted in the reduction of the wear rate. The results of the single point cutting tool machinability test showed that deep cryogenic treated and nitrided HSS inserts performed worse than the classically heat-treated inserts and deep cryogenic treated HSS inserts exhibited approximately the same flank wear as the nitrided ones.

Experimental and FEM Study of Serrated Chip Formation in High Speed Turning Processes

2011 ◽  
Vol 264-265 ◽  
pp. 1021-1026
Author(s):  
U. Umer ◽  
Li Jing Xie ◽  
Syed Jawid Askari ◽  
S.N. Danish ◽  
S.I. Butt
Keyword(s):  
Chip Formation ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Chip Morphology ◽  
Serrated Chip ◽  
High Speed Turning ◽  
Serrated Chip Formation

The finite element method (FEM) has been used to model high speed turning processes with orthogonal cutting conditions. In most of the situations, continuous chip formation is used to analyze the turning process due to its stability and allowing many conditions to simplify the process. However with the increasing applications of high speed turning, serrated chip formation is becoming a more common phenomenon in metal cutting. Serrated chips usually occur in machining of difficult to cut materials at or above a threshold speed. An updated Lagrangian formulation has been used in this study which works with element deletion technique based on a failure criterion. The Johnson Cook strain-hardening thermal-softening material model is used to model serrated chip formation. In addition high speed turning experiments were conducted on AISI H13 tubes using PCBN to analyze serrated chip phenomenon. The chips were analyzed after surface treatment using scanning electron microscope. It has been found that the length of cuts in the chip increases with the cutting speed and the chip changes from serrated to discontinuous. Different process variables like cutting forces, chip morphology, stress, strain and temperature distributions are predicted at different process parameters using FEM. The results show cyclic variation in the cutting forces at high cutting speeds due to varying chip load.

Mechano-Chemical Surface Modification of High-Speed Steel Cutting Tools

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Qi ◽  
Vinh Nguyen ◽  
Shreyes Melkote ◽  
Michael Varenberg
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Orthogonal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Chemical Surface Modification

In this work, a mechano-chemical surface modification to improve cutting tool performance is proposed. We applied this surface modification via shot peening the rake faces of high-speed steel tools with a blend of Al2O3 and Cu2S particles that serve as a plastic deformation medium and a chemical precursor, respectively. Orthogonal cutting experiments under base oil lubrication demonstrated that the proposed treatment results in a reduction of cutting and thrust forces, as well as in a reduction of built-up edge formation. These effects are explained by favorable changes in the lubricity and roughness of the rake face, and they suggest that this method has the potential to increase cutting tool life, lower energy consumption, and improve the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of a machined workpiece.

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