Characterization of Early Iron-Production Technologies in Chungju, Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Eunwoo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
Analytical Studies ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Direct Smelting ◽  
Comprehensive Studies

In the presentation, previous archaeological achievements as well as analytical studies conducted on ironwork sites in Chungju are reviewed. In addition, the early iron production technology in the area can be characterized based on various evidences. Extensive ironworks were conducted at various sites concentrated especially in Chungju. Direct smelting was still the main technology until rather later on. Substantial amounts of tap slag and their analytical features support this idea. In addition, comprehensive studies as to the structure of furnaces and tuyeres used to do ironwork and their technical relationships also need to be discussed. Furthermore, smithing processes, which were mostly conducted at the smelting sites, were also described in detail so that the general ironworking process could be identified.

scholarly journals Insects as Novel Food: A Consumer Attitude Analysis through the Dominance-Based Rough Set Approach

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocco Roma ◽  
Giovanni Ottomano Palmisano ◽  
Annalisa De Boni
Keyword(s):  
Rough Set ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Production Technologies

In Western societies, the unfamiliarity with insect-based food is a hindrance for consumption and market development. This may depend on neophobia and reactions of disgust, individual characteristics and socio-cultural background, and risk-perceptions for health and production technologies. In addition, in many European countries, the sale of insects for human consumption is still illegal, although European Union (EU) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) are developing regulatory frameworks and environmental and quality standards. This research aims to advance the knowledge on entomophagy, providing insights to improve consumer acceptance in Italy. This is done by carrying out the characterization of a sample of consumers according to their willingness to taste several types of insect-based food and taking into account the connections among the consumers’ features. Thus, the dominance-based rough set approach is applied using the data collected from 310 Italian consumers. This approach provided 206 certain decision rules characterizing the consumers into five groups, showing the consumers’ features determining their specific classification. Although many Italian consumers are willing to accept only insects in the form of feed stuffs or supplements, this choice is a first step towards entomophagy. Conversely, young Italian people are a niche market, but they can play a role in changing trends.

Pollution Profile of Leather Industries; Waste Characterization and Pretreatment of Pollutants

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sengül ◽  
O. Gürel
Keyword(s):  
Water Consumption ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Waste Characterization ◽  
Aegean Region ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Pollution Profile ◽  
Very High ◽  
Pollution Loads

The leather industry is one of the most widespread industries in the Aegean Region and its pollution loads are very high. In this study, chemicals used in the leather industry with regard to different production technologies utilized and the water consumption and pollution loads are determined. With the help of this data, characterization of the leather industry wastewaters during production are carried out, and the possible pretreatment of the leather industry's wastewaters are examined.

Preparation by Twin Roll Casting and Characterization of TiNi Shape Memory Alloys Strips

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Portier ◽  
Philippe Vermaut ◽  
Patrick Ochin ◽  
Tomasz Goryczka ◽  
Jorge Malarría
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Twin Roll Casting ◽  
Roll Casting ◽  
High Transformation ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Twin Roll

The thermoelastic martensitic transformation which gives remarkable functional properties to Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) is very sensitive to the chemistry of the alloys and to its microstructure. In many cases, especially for alloys with high transformation temperatures, applications are limited by the poor ductility. To overcome the brittleness of SMA, one approach can be effective : the development of non conventional production technologies which enable to obtain materials in forms close to requirements: strips of SMA have been prepared by Twin Roll Casting (TRC). The formation of a solid sheet with plane surface is only possible for a limited combination of the different machine parameters and they will be discussed. For comprehension of the process parameters effect, the attention will be focused on TiNi. Microstructures and functional properties will be examined in relation with the microstructures induced by the technique or after specific thermal treatment.

Production technology and quality control of nanomaterials and nanostructures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Владимир Капустин ◽  
Vladimir Kapustin ◽  
Александр Сигов ◽  
Alyeksandr Sigov
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Point Defects ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Training Manual ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Production Technologies

The training manual contains brief information about the production technologies of nanomaterials and nanostructures, methods for controlling the crystal structure and size of nanocrystallites, methods for controlling the electronic structure and type of chemical bonds in nanomaterials, as well as the type and concentration of point defects in nanomaterials.

scholarly journals Geometrical and thermal influences on a bacterial cellulose based sensing element for acceleration measurements

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Carlo Trigona ◽  
Giovanna Di Pasquale ◽  
Salvatore Graziani ◽  
Antonino Licciulli ◽  
Rossella Nisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Motion Sensors ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Sustainable Economy ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Production

The need for a sustainable economy necessitates new environmentally friendly production technologies as well as devices that can be easily recycled, disposed of, and, finally, degraded, without any release of pollutants to the environment. In this context, bacterial cellulose (BC) has recently been investigated as an intriguing solution for the creation of green motion sensors. BC has excellent mechanical properties, and it is fully biodegradable and greener than the more common plant-derived cellulose. In this paper, we investigate the influence of geometry and environmental temperature on BC based sensing elements. More specifically, the influence of these quantities on a previously investigated BC-based accelerometer are reported. An experimental campaign and the characterization of the proposed green device for several geometries (from 7 to 22 mm of length) and various temperatures (from 5 °C to 55 °C) is addressed, obtaining very intriguing results.

scholarly journals The Vector of Equal Costs as a Method of Studying the Process of Industrialization (according to labor productivity data in the iron and steel industry of the Urals of the late XIX – early XX centuries)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-160
Author(s):  
Georgy N. Shumkin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Steel Production ◽  
Open Hearth ◽  
Iron Production ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Productivity Data ◽  
Production Technologies

Introduction. An attempt is made to analyze the dynamics of labor productivity in the iron-making industry of the Urals using the equal cost vector during the replacement of welding iron production technologies with cast steel production technologies in open-hearth and Bessemer furnaces, as well as to determine the heuristic potential of this method. Materials and Methods. The study uses a vector of equal costs. This vector connects the points on the graph that reflect the number of two products released per unit of resource for a certain period of time. The source of the study was the “Collections of statistical data of the mining industry of Russia”. Results. The vectors of equal costs for the production of iron and steel per worker of the iron- making industries of the Urals in 1893–1911 are constructed. The periods in the development of iron-making production are highlighted. Discussion and Conclusion. The method of equal cost vectors revealed the following: 1) rational use of labor in private factories and irrational in state-owned ones; 2) significant influence of the Nadezhdinsky Plant on the structure of iron-making industries; 3) a more precise chronological framework for the replacement of welding iron production technologies by open-hearth and seedless production, the influence of market conditions on this process; 4) the replacement of old technologies with new ones did not cause an increas

scholarly journals Status of adoption of improved fish production technology in Rupandehi, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Sudip Neupane ◽  
Kamala Gharti
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Fish Production ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Production Technologies

Aquaculture plays an important role to increase farm income and hence alleviate widespread poverty in the country. Fish is considered as the principal source of animal protein. The research was conducted to assess the status of adoption of improved fish production technologies available in the Rupandehi, Nepal. The research was designed to ascertain the socio-demographic characteristics of the farmers, determine available technologies on fish production, determine awareness and adoption of the available technologies and identify the major problems faced by farmers in using improved fish production technologies. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select 100 respondents for the study. Data were analyzed using frequency count, percentages, standard deviation and indexing. The result shows that average age of the respondents was 39.8 years. Eighty percent respondents had post-secondary school certificate. Major sources of information of fish farming were trainings and information and communication technologies. Average pond size of respondents was 0.8 ha. Most of the respondents were aware of the technologies and adopted them. Indexing showed that High cost of fish feed was ranked as the major problem followed by high cost of fingerlings and inadequate capital in using improved fish production technology.

ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF WINTER TRITICALE AT DIFFERENT LEVEL OF INTENSITY

2018 ◽  
Vol XX (5) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Bogusława Jaśkiewicz ◽  
Alicja Sułek
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Direct Costs ◽  
Growth Retardants ◽  
Mineral Fertilization ◽  
Winter Triticale ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Means Of Production

The aim of the study was to compare production and economic outcomes of using different production technologies of winter triticale grown in crop rotation. The research was based on the results of field experiments carried out in the years of 2008-2010. The effect of the research was to determine the indicators of economic efficiency of winter triticale depending on the production technology used. It was found that the level of technology intensity, determined by the costs incurred for the means of production, influenced the structure of direct costs and the profitability of triticale production. The cheapest technology was the economical one which involved using growth retardants, but limited fungicidal protection and low levels of mineral fertilization. It was significantly more profitable than integrated and intensive technologies, but compared to them, it was worse in terms of grain yields

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