Catalytic Cracking of LLDPE over MCM-48

Applicability of Al-MCM-48 as a catalyst for the linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) degradation was investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer as well as a batch reactor. The degradation products were analyzed by GC/MS, GC-TCD and GC-FID. The activation energy of LLDPE degradation was lowered by the addition of Al-MCM-48. The oil and gas yields were higher over Al-MCM-48 than those over Si-MCM-48. Al-MCM-48 generated mainly C7-C10 hydrocarbons, while Si-MCM-48 exhibited the relatively broader distribution of the oil products (C8-C14). Al-MCM-48 showed high catalytic stability for the LLDPE degradation.

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Non-isothermal crystallization and thermal degradation kinetics of MXene/linear low-density polyethylene nanocomposites

e-Polymers ◽

10.1515/epoly-2017-0017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 373-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Xinxin Cao ◽

Mengqi Wu ◽

Aiguo Zhou ◽

You Wang ◽

Xiaofang He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Thermal Stability ◽

Thermal Degradation ◽

Isothermal Crystallization ◽

Degradation Kinetics ◽

Thermal Degradation Kinetics ◽

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Low Density ◽

Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Kinetics Of

AbstractA novel two-dimensional material MXene was used to synthesize nanocomposites with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). The influence of MXene on crystallization and thermal degradation kinetics of LLDPE was investigated. Non-isothermal crystallization kinetics was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experimental data was analyzed by Jeziorny theory and the Mo method. It is found that MXene acted as a nucleating agent during the non-isothermal crystallization process, and 2 wt% MXene incorporated in the nanocomposites could accelerate the crystallization rate. Findings from activation energy calculation for non-isothermal crystallization came to the same conclusion. Thermal gravity (TG) analysis of MXene/LLDPE nanocomposites was conducted at different heating rates, and the TG thermograms suggested the nanocomposites showed an improvement in thermal stability. Apparent activation energy (Ea) of thermal degradation was calculated by the Kissinger method, and Ea values of nanocomposites were higher than that of pure LLDPE. The existence of MXene seems to lead to better thermal stability in composites.

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Catalytic Pyrolysis of Low Density Polyethylene Using Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Encapsulated Monovacant Keggin UnitsC19H42N4H3(PW11O39)and ZSM-5

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2016/2857162 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Madeeha Batool ◽

Asma Tufail Shah ◽

Muhammad Imran Din ◽

Baoshan Li

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Thermal Degradation ◽

Catalytic Cracking ◽

Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Low Density ◽

Hydrophobic Nature ◽

Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium

The effect of the catalysts on the pyrolysis of commercial low density polyethylene (LDPE) has been studied in a batch reactor. The thermal catalytic cracking of the LDPE has been done using cetyltrimethyl ammonium encapsulated monovacant keggin units (C19H42N)4H3(PW11O39), labeled as CTA-POM and compared with the ZSM-5 catalyst. GC-MS results showed that catalytic cracking of LDPE beads generated oilier fraction over CTA-POM as compared to ZSM-5. Thus, the use of CTA-POM is more significant because it yields more useful fraction. It was also found that the temperature required for the thermal degradation of LDPE was lower when CTA-POM was used as a catalyst while high temperature was required for degradation over ZSM-5 catalyst. Better activity of CTA-POM was due to hydrophobic nature of CTA moiety which helps in catalyst mobility and increases its interaction with hydrocarbons.

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Effect of Cyclo-Olefin Copolymer Loading on Kinetics, Thermodynamics and Model of Linear Low Density Polyethylene Crystallinity

Progress in Rubber Plastics and Recycling Technology ◽

10.1177/147776061803400104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 55-74

Author(s):

I.M. Alwaan

Keyword(s):

Activation Energy ◽

Free Energy ◽

Apparent Activation Energy ◽

Kinetic Models ◽

Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Low Density ◽

Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽

First Order ◽

Enthalpy And Entropy

The behavior of kinetic and thermodynamic characteristics of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) crystallinity containing cyclo-olefin copolymer (COC) were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The crystallinity kinetic parameters including the crystallinity apparent activation energy (E), rate of crystallinity constant (K) and the order of crystallinity (n) were calculated with Borchardt and Daniels methods. The results have shown that the activation energy of blends increased with increase in the COC loading and the order of crystallinity was the first order for all blends. Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy of the LLDPE crystallinity increased with the loading of COC. The different crystallinity kinetic models of LLDPE were observed with the loading of COC. It was concluded that the COC hindered the chains of polymer from aligning in a row.

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Identification of the LLDPE Constitutive Material Model for Energy Absorption in Impact Applications

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym13101537 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 1537

Author(s):

Luděk Hynčík ◽

Petra Kochová ◽

Jan Špička ◽

Tomasz Bońkowski ◽

Robert Cimrman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Strain Rate ◽

Material Model ◽

Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Low Density ◽

Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽

Stress Strain ◽

Rate Dependent ◽

Constitutive Material Model ◽

Principal Directions ◽

Constitutive Material

Current industrial trends bring new challenges in energy absorbing systems. Polymer materials as the traditional packaging materials seem to be promising due to their low weight, structure, and production price. Based on the review, the linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) material was identified as the most promising material for absorbing impact energy. The current paper addresses the identification of the material parameters and the development of a constitutive material model to be used in future designs by virtual prototyping. The paper deals with the experimental measurement of the stress-strain relations of linear low-density polyethylene under static and dynamic loading. The quasi-static measurement was realized in two perpendicular principal directions and was supplemented by a test measurement in the 45° direction, i.e., exactly between the principal directions. The quasi-static stress-strain curves were analyzed as an initial step for dynamic strain rate-dependent material behavior. The dynamic response was tested in a drop tower using a spherical impactor hitting a flat material multi-layered specimen at two different energy levels. The strain rate-dependent material model was identified by optimizing the static material response obtained in the dynamic experiments. The material model was validated by the virtual reconstruction of the experiments and by comparing the numerical results to the experimental ones.

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