Model Based Determination of Gait Parameters Using IMU Sensor Data

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.251.61 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 251 ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Harald Loose ◽

Katja Orlowski

Keyword(s):

Gait Cycle ◽

Initial Conditions ◽

Precise Determination ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Sensor Data ◽

Skeleton Model ◽

Locomotion System ◽

Gait Parameters ◽

Measurement Units

The paper deals with the determination of gait parameters using inertial measurement units (IMU). An IMU sensor incorporates three microelectromechanical sensors - triple-axis gyroscope, accelerometer and magnetometer. A standard experimental setup for the observation of the locomotion system using seven Xsens MTw sensors was developed. They are applied to the lower limbs and the pelvis of the subject. The synchronization of data from all sensor components (gyroscope, accelerometer and magnetometer) as well as the onboard estimation of the orientation is provided by the Xsens and Adwinda hard-and software. The strapped down data are received with a rate of 60 Hz. The output data of a single IMU sensor allow motion analysis of the sensor unit itself as well as the motion of the limb where the sensor is mounted to. Stable and reliable algorithms processing the gait data and calculating gait features of a single sensor are developed and evaluated. These algorithms are based on precise determination of each gait cycle. In the middle of stance phase the foot is not moving. It stands on the floor and, following, the initial conditions for the calculation of foot velocities and distances by integration are predetermined. Various features of the gait cycle as well as e.g. dependencies in between features or on the gait velocities are investigated. The application of seven sensors to the limbs of the locomotion system provides measurements of their 3D motion observed in an inertial coordinate system. The limbs are parts of skeleton and interconnected by joints. Introducing a skeleton model, the quality of measurements is evaluated and improved. Joint angles, symmetry ratios and other gait parameters are determined. These results can be used for analysis of the gait of any subject as well as of any cohort.

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Human Gait Cycle Analysis Using Kinect V2 Sensor

Pollack Periodica ◽

10.1556/606.2020.15.3.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (3) ◽

pp. 3-14

Author(s):

Péter Müller ◽

Ádám Schiffer

Keyword(s):

Gait Cycle ◽

Medical Condition ◽

Measurement Data ◽

Human Movement ◽

Gait Pattern ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Human Gait ◽

Skeleton Model ◽

Kinect V2 ◽

Reduced Mobility

Examining a human movement can provide a wealth of information about a patient’s medical condition. The examination process can be used to diagnose abnormal changes (lesions), ability development and monitor the rehabilitation process of people with reduced mobility. There are several approaches to monitor people, among other things with sensors and various imaging and processing devices. In this case a Kinect V2 sensor and a self-developed LabView based application was used, to examine the movement of the lower limbs. The ideal gait pattern was recorded in the RoboGait training machine and the measured data was used to identify the phases of the human gait. During the evaluation, the position of the skeleton model, the associated body joints and angles can be calculated. The pre-recorded ideal and natural gait cycle can be compared.With the self-developed method the pre-recorded ideal and natural gait cycle can be compared and processed for further evaluation. The evaluated measurement data confirm that a reliable and mobile solution for gait analysis has been created.

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Tools for integrating inertial sensor data with video bio-loggers, including estimation of animal orientation, motion, and position

Animal Biotelemetry ◽

10.1186/s40317-021-00256-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

David E. Cade ◽

William T. Gough ◽

Max F. Czapanskiy ◽

James A. Fahlbusch ◽

Shirel R. Kahane-Rapport ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Direct Observation ◽

Inertial Sensor ◽

Pressure Sensors ◽

Sensor Data ◽

Biological Research ◽

Marine Realm ◽

Spatial Coordinates ◽

Measurement Units ◽

Physiological Sensors

AbstractBio-logging devices equipped with inertial measurement units—particularly accelerometers, magnetometers, and pressure sensors—have revolutionized our ability to study animals as necessary electronics have gotten smaller and more affordable over the last two decades. These animal-attached tags allow for fine scale determination of behavior in the absence of direct observation, particularly useful in the marine realm, where direct observation is often impossible, and recent devices can integrate more power hungry and sensitive instruments, such as hydrophones, cameras, and physiological sensors. To convert the raw voltages recorded by bio-logging sensors into biologically meaningful metrics of orientation (e.g., pitch, roll and heading), motion (e.g., speed, specific acceleration) and position (e.g., depth and spatial coordinates), we developed a series of MATLAB tools and online instructional tutorials. Our tools are adaptable for a variety of devices, though we focus specifically on the integration of video, audio, 3-axis accelerometers, 3-axis magnetometers, 3-axis gyroscopes, pressure, temperature, light and GPS data that are the standard outputs from Customized Animal Tracking Solutions (CATS) video tags. Our tools were developed and tested on cetacean data but are designed to be modular and adaptable for a variety of marine and terrestrial species. In this text, we describe how to use these tools, the theories and ideas behind their development, and ideas and additional tools for applying the outputs of the process to biological research. We additionally explore and address common errors that can occur during processing and discuss future applications. All code is provided open source and is designed to be useful to both novice and experienced programmers.

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NOESY around the critical point Omega Tau c = 1.12. Precise determination of proton-proton distances and reorientation correlation times with two-field NOESY

Molecular Physics ◽

10.1080/002689700162621 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 98 (4) ◽

pp. 201-210

Author(s):

Tao Zhang, Xi-An Mao, Matthias Baur, Ho

Keyword(s):

Critical Point ◽

Precise Determination ◽

Correlation Times ◽

Proton Proton

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Comparison of standardised lymphoscintigraphic function test and high resolution sonography of the lymphoedema of legs

Phlebologie ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1622238 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (05) ◽

pp. 247-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

V. S. Brauer ◽

W. J. Brauer

Keyword(s):

Lower Leg ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Fatty Tissue ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Function Test ◽

Unreliable Method ◽

Negative Conclusion ◽

Fine Disperse

SummaryPurpose: Comparison of qualitative and quantitative sonography with the lymphoscintigraphic function test and clinical findings in legs. Patients, methods: In 33 patients a lymphoscintigraphic function test of legs combined with measurement of lymph node uptake was performed and subsequently compared with sonography. Sonographic criteria were: Thickness of cutis, thickness of subcutanean fatty tissue and presence of liquid structures or fine disperse tissue structure of lower limbs, foots and toes. Results: In 51 legs uptake values lie in the pathologic area, in four legs in the grey area and in ten legs in the normal area. The cutis thickness in the lower leg shows no significant correlation with the uptake. The determination of the thickness of the subcutanean fatty tissue of the lower leg and of the cutis thickness of the feet turned out to be an unreliable method. In 47% of the medial lower legs and in 57% of the lateral lower legs with clinical lymphoedema sonography is falsely negative. Conclusion: Early lymphoedema is only detectable with the lymphoscintigraphic function test. In the case of clinical lymphoedema clinical examination is more reliable than sonography.

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Precise determination of 14 REEs in GSJ/AIST geochemical reference materials JCp-1 (coral) and JCt-1 (giant clam) using isotope dilution ICP-quadrupole mass spectrometry

GEOCHEMICAL JOURNAL ◽

10.2343/geochemj.2.0498 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 75-79 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tsuyoshi Tanaka ◽

Seung-Gu Lee ◽

Taehoon Kim ◽

Seunghee Han ◽

Hyo Min Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Reference Materials ◽

Isotope Dilution ◽

Precise Determination ◽

Giant Clam ◽

Quadrupole Mass ◽

Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry ◽

Geochemical Reference Materials

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PRECISE DETERMINATION OF THE IRRATIONAL PRE-FERRED INTERFACE ORIENTATION BY TEM

ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1037.2010.00411 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 46 (4) ◽

pp. 411-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yang MENG ◽

Lin GU ◽

Wenzheng ZHANG

Keyword(s):

Precise Determination ◽

Interface Orientation

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Nauwkeurige methode voor de aanwasbepaling van het grondvlak met behulp van de Pressler-boor

Silva Gandavensis ◽

10.21825/sg.v12i0.1009 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

R. Goossens

Keyword(s):

Basal Area ◽

Precise Determination ◽

Maximum Diameter ◽

Precise Method ◽

Maximum Radius ◽

The Core ◽

Two Parameters

A precise method for the determination of the increment of the basal area using the PressIer bore. Refering to previous research showing that the basal area of the corsica pine could be characterized by an ellips, we present in this paper a precise method for the determination of the increment of the basal area. In this method we determine the direction of the maximum diameter, we measure this diameter and we take a core in one of the points of tangency of the caliper with the measured tree. The determination of the diameter perpendicular to the maximum diameter finishes the work wich is to be done in the forest. From the classical measurements effectuated on the core and from the measured diameters we can then determine the form (V) and the excentricity (e). Substituting these two parameters in the formula 2 or 2', we can also calculate the error of a radius measured on the core with respect to the representative radius, This error with them allow us to correct the measured value of the minimum or the maximum radius and we will be able to do a precise determination of the increment.

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