Ti(C,N)-Based Cermets: Critical Review of Achievements and Recent Developments

2018 ◽  
Vol 274 ◽  
pp. 53-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Lengauer ◽  
Fabio Scagnetto
Keyword(s):  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Titanium Carbonitride ◽  
Reference List ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Sintering Time ◽  
Separate Table ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Mo Content ◽  
The Impact

The paper describes briefly the historical development and presents in more detail solid-state properties such as hardness, heat conductivity, thermal expansion and mechanical properties of titanium carbonitride Ti (C,N), the basis of the hard phase of cermets. The metallurgy of Ti (C,N)-based cermets with respect to microstructure formation during sintering and the impact on properties are presented in more detail. The various influences such as W and/or Mo content, Mo/W ratio, C content and C/N ratio, binder phase content and binder phase composition (Co/Ni), sintering time, dwell time, alloy state of powders and grain size were critically evaluated and are presented in form of fracture toughness vs. hardness graphs. A table gives a reference list on the study of these influences. TRS data on cermets were collected and summarised in a separate table, too. The focus is put on grades which have the potential of being fabricated soon in industrial processes for production of cermet tools. Application examples for metal cutting, sawing and chip bonding are presented. In two final sections recent modifications and achievements such as graded microstructures, multicomponent binder, and hybrid microstructures are also briefly presented together with an outlook on the future potential of cermet applications.

Theory and Method and the Stakes of a Fragmented Discipline: Or, What Economics Taught Me About the Study of Religion

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Academic Study

Abstract As a discipline, the academic study of religion is strikingly fragmented, with little engagement or shared criteria of excellence across subfields. Although important recent developments have expanded the traditions and peoples studied as well as the methods used, the current extent of fragmentation limits the impact of this diversification and pluralization. At a moment when the global pandemic is catalyzing profound pressures on our universities and disciplines, this fragmentation makes it difficult to articulate to the public, to non-religious studies colleagues, and to students why the study of religion matters. We therefore too often fall back on platitudes. I argue for a revitalized methods and theories conversation that connects us even as it bears our arguments and disagreements about what we do and how. Courses in methods and theories in the study of religion represent the most viable basis we have for bringing the academic study of religion into the common conversation or argument that constitutes a discipline without sacrificing our pluralism.

scholarly journals A Reference Framework to Combine Model-Based Design and AR to Improve Social Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2031
Author(s):  
Fabio Grandi ◽  
Riccardo Karim Khamaisi ◽  
Margherita Peruzzini ◽  
Roberto Raffaeli ◽  
Marcello Pellicciari
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Models ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Digital Contents ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Virtual Simulations ◽  
Product And Process ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Time Information

Product and process digitalization is pervading numerous areas in the industry to improve quality and reduce costs. In particular, digital models enable virtual simulations to predict product and process performances, as well as to generate digital contents to improve the general workflow. Digital models can also contain additional contents (e.g., model-based design (MBD)) to provide online and on-time information about process operations and management, as well as to support operator activities. The recent developments in augmented reality (AR) offer new specific interfaces to promote the great diffusion of digital contents into industrial processes, thanks to flexible and robust applications, as well as cost-effective devices. However, the impact of AR applications on sustainability is still poorly explored in research. In this direction, this paper proposed an innovative approach to exploit MBD and introduce AR interfaces in the industry to support human intensive processes. Indeed, in those processes, the human contribution is still crucial to guaranteeing the expected product quality (e.g., quality inspection). The paper also analyzed how this new concept can benefit sustainability and define a set of metrics to assess the positive impact on sustainability, focusing on social aspects.

scholarly journals Silencing and Oblivion of Psychological Trauma, Its Unconscious Aspects, and Their Impact on the Inflation of Vajrayāna. An Analysis of Cross-Group Dynamics and Recent Developments in Buddhist Groups Based on Qualitative Data

Religions ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Psychological Mechanisms ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Student Relationship ◽  
The Impact

The commercialization of Buddhist philosophy has led to decontextualization and indoctrinating issues across groups, as well as abuse and trauma in that context. Methodologically, from an interdisciplinary approach, based on the current situation in international Buddhist groups and citations of victims from the ongoing research, the psychological mechanisms of rationalizing and silencing trauma were analyzed. The results show how supposedly Buddhist terminology and concepts are used to rationalize and justify economic, psychological and physical abuse. This is discussed against the background of psychological mechanisms of silencing trauma and the impact of ignoring the unconscious in that particular context. Inadequate consideration regarding the teacher–student relationship, combined with an unreflective use of Tibetan honorary titles and distorted conceptualizations of methods, such as the constant merging prescribed in so-called 'guru yoga', resulted in giving up self-responsibility and enhanced dependency. These new concepts, commercialized as 'karma purification' and 'pure view', have served to rationalize and conceal abuse, as well as to isolate the victims. Therefore, we are facing societal challenges, in terms of providing health and economic care to the victims and implementing preventive measures. This use of language also impacts on scientific discourse and Vajrayāna itself, and will affect many future generations.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Coatings for Orthopedic Metallic Implants

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Muzamil Hussain ◽  
Syed Hasan Askari Rizvi ◽  
Naseem Abbas ◽  
Uzair Sajjad ◽  
Muhammad Rizwan Shad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Shielding ◽  
Orthopedic Implant ◽  
Coating Materials ◽  
Implant Materials ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Orthopedic Applications ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cocrmo Alloys

Titanium, stainless steel, and CoCrMo alloys are the most widely used biomaterials for orthopedic applications. The most common causes of orthopedic implant failure after implantation are infections, inflammatory response, least corrosion resistance, mismatch in elastic modulus, stress shielding, and excessive wear. To address the problems associated with implant materials, different modifications related to design, materials, and surface have been developed. Among the different methods, coating is an effective method to improve the performance of implant materials. In this article, a comprehensive review of recent studies has been carried out to summarize the impact of coating materials on metallic implants. The antibacterial characteristics, biodegradability, biocompatibility, corrosion behavior, and mechanical properties for performance evaluation are briefly summarized. Different effective coating techniques, coating materials, and additives have been summarized. The results are useful to produce the coating with optimized properties.

Treating Afro hair loss: signs, symptoms and specialist interest

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Ingrid Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Hair Loss ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Hair Care ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

This article explores the different types of hair loss that black women may experience more than other groups of patients. Properties of African hair and the impact of hair care practices are discussed, as well as factors affecting the presentation of other hair loss conditions. It is important for the aesthetic practitioner to be able to distinguish between the temporary forms of hair loss that they can help to treat and the permanent or scarring forms of hair loss, which need a prompt referral to a dermatologist with a specialist interest in hair. Prompt recognition and referral can help to delay the progression of hair loss. The symptoms and signs that patients and practitioners should be alerted to are explored, as well as the treatments that can help and where referrals may be necessary. Recent developments and gaps in knowledge are summarised.

ISUM: Its Birth, Growth and Future

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherif Rashed
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Impact Loads ◽  
Coarse Mesh ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Large Ship ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Potential

ISUM (The Idealized Structural Unit Method) was born in 1972 to efficiently and accurately analyze the behavior of large size structures up to and beyond their ultimate strength. In this method a structure is divided into large elements, basically its structural units (members). Geometric and material non-linear behavior inside the element is formulated and expressed at a limited number of nodal points at the element boundaries. In this way a large structure can be modeled using a coarse mesh while still being able to consider the nonlinear behavior until the collapse of the structure. Several ISUM elements have been formulated and used to analyze the non-linear behavior of large ship structures. In further developments, more elements with more accurate formulations have been developed and more types of structures have been analyzed using this method. The same ISUM concept has been applied to the analysis of welding deformation of large welded structures and to failure analysis of structural and mechanical components subjected to impact loads. In this paper, the basic ISUM concept is outlined, and several elements are presented. Examples of applications to ships and marine structures are presented demonstrating the effectiveness of the method. Recent developments are also reviewed and future potential is explored.

The Impact of Solar Winds on Navigation Aids

1999 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Sandford
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Scientific Community ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Remote Imaging ◽  
Solar Winds ◽  
New Information ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Impact

Recent developments in remote imaging equipment carried on satellites have given the scientific community a vast amount of new information about the Sun and its atmosphere. Media coverage of the remarkable discoveries accompanied by impressive images of the Sun's atmosphere, and linkage to the loss of a television satellite over the United States, have focused public attention on the existence and effects of the Solar Wind. This paper sets out to illustrate the impact of the Solar Wind on radio aids to navigation, and to look at the possible effects on present and proposed systems.

Experimental Analysis of Different Coolants Used in Plasma Cutting Operation for the Improved Electrode Life

2015 ◽  
Vol 719-720 ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginka Ranga Janardhana ◽  
Mani Senthil Kumar ◽  
B. Dhanasekar
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Removal ◽  
Plasma Cutting ◽  
Life Test ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Optimal Flow ◽  
Cutting Operation ◽  
The Impact

The plasma cutting technology has been emerged as a developing technology which finds tremendous potential in fabrication and metal cutting industries. Thus for the cutting operation, the electrode inside the plasma torch plays a vital role for the plasma arc generation. The temperature of the arc is very high and at the electrode is around 3500°C. The cutting torch requires proper cooling system in order to prevent the electrode from quick wear due to the existence of high thermal gradient. The presented work aimed to study the impact of three coolants propylene glycol, ethylene glycol and de-ionized water flow over the electrode life. The experimental setups were arranged to study the heat transfer capabilities of the three coolants for different flow values and aimed to achieve the optimal flow rates for the efficient heat removal. The electrode life test trials were conducted to measure the electrode life for the flow values of three coolants in the temperature rise test. The optimal flow rates arrived from temperature rise test and the electrode life measured from life test are compared for the three coolant cases considered.

scholarly journals Combining solid-state NMR spectroscopy with first-principles calculations – a guide to NMR crystallography

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (45) ◽  
pp. 7186-7204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon E. Ashbrook ◽  
David McKay
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Dft Calculations ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Solid State Nmr ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
First Principles Calculations ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Nmr Crystallography

DFT calculations are an important tool in assigning and interpreting NMR spectra of solids: we discuss recent developments and their future potential in the context of NMR crystallography.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology Innovations in Construction Industry and Environmental Sustainability

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11S) ◽  
pp. 286-291
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future

Nanotechnology is a speedily increasing and innovating range of research, where advanced characteristics of resources manufactures on the nanoscale can be exploited as advantages for people at large through various methods or mechanisms of construction. Being a varied technical and scientific arena that brings and covers numerous application kinds, the contribution of nanotechnological innovations is immense for various sectors of construction industries. It also possesses a large future potential for ecological efficiency, which is dire need of the hour. In construction industry there are many factors involved to achieve the major goal of sustainability like smart design, planning through which energy can be saved, resource usage can be reduced and environmental damage can be avoided. No doubt, the application of nanotechnology materials and its various causes on the atmosphere and living organisms are not clearly defined yet which can become a problem. For instance, leakage of materials into the water resources, and seas, as well, discharge of nanoparticles into the air generating dust and exposure to harmful materials during various construction, maintenance and use etc. Considering tremendous revolution in Nanotechnological field there is an important aspect in relation to the impact of nanoparticles and nanomaterials on human health and environment which should be discussed at length. This paper intends to give a research review of current and near future, safety and eco-efficiency applications of nanotechnology to not only improve and maintain but also deal with certain future challenges and directions related to the sustainable development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document