Nanocomposite of Tin and Lead Oxides Prepared in Plasma of Pulsed High-Voltage Discharge Process: Synthesis and Electrochemical Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 312 ◽  
pp. 335-340
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Gnedenkov ◽  
Valery G. Kuryavyi ◽  
Denis P. Opra ◽  
Sergey L. Sinebryukhov ◽  
Alexander A. Sokolov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Mixed Oxides ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Voltage Discharge

In the present paper, a composite containing mixed oxides of tin and lead has been synthesized by the method of pulsed high-voltage discharge. Material was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis and transmission electron microscopy. The composite consists of SnO2 and PbO particles with an average size of ~350 nm, and SnPb2O4 nanowhiskers with size of 100 nm in diameter and few microns in length. The electrochemical performance of nanocomposite as a potential anode of lithium-ion battery has been investigated by the cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge test in the potential range of 3.0–0.005 V. The reversible capacity of 821 mA·h/g was realized after 5-fold cycling at a current density of 100 mA/g. It was established that further cycling of the material is accompanied by a dramatic capacity fade: only 13 % of the initial capacity was obtained already after 10 cycles. The observed degradation in performance of nanocomposite results from its inability to compensate large lithiation/delithiation-induced volume expansion.

scholarly journals Commercial Cokes and Graphites as Anode Materials for Lithium - Ion Cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 496 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Derwin ◽  
Kim Kinoshita ◽  
Tri D. Tran ◽  
Peter Zaleski
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ethylene Carbonate ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractSeveral types of carbonaceous materials from Superior Graphite Co. were investigated for lithium ion intercalation. These commercially available cokes, graphitized cokes and graphites have a wide range of physical and chemical properties. The coke materials were investigated in propylene carbonate based electrolytes and the graphitic materials were studied in ethylene carbonate / dimethyl solutions to prevent exfoliation. The reversible capacities of disordered cokes are below 230 mAh / g and those for many highly ordered synthetic (artificial) and natural graphites approached 372 mAh / g (LiC6). The irreversible capacity losses vary between 15 to as much as 200 % of reversible capacities for various types of carbon. Heat treated cokes with the average particle size of 10 microns showed marked improvements in reversible capacity for lithium intercalation. The electrochemical characteristics are correlated with data obtained from scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TAM), X - ray diffraction (XRD) and BET surface area analysis. The electrochemical performance, availability, cost and manufacturability of these commercial carbons will be discussed.

Facile Synthesis of Tremella-Like Li3V2(PO4)3/C Composite Cathode Materials Based on Oroxylum for Use in Lithium-Ion Batteries

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 1962-1967
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Guilin Zeng ◽  
Yuling Zhang ◽  
Zebin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Cathode ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Immersion Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Oroxylum as a traditional Chinese medicine, was used as a green and novel bio-template to synthesize tremella-like Li3V2(PO4)3/C composite (LVPC) cathode materials by adopting a facile immersion method. The microstructures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties were investigated by galvanostatic charge–discharge experiments. The LVPC revealed specific capacity of 95 mAh·g-1 at 1 C rate within potential range of 3.0–4.3 V. After 100 cycles at 0.2 C, the retention of discharge capacity was 96%. The modified electrochemical performance is mainly resulted from the distinct tremella-like structure.

Enhanced Lithium Ion Storage by Titanium Dioxide Addition to Zinc Telluride-Based Alloy Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 6815-6820
Author(s):  
Quoc Hanh Nguyen ◽  
Seongjoon So ◽  
Jaehyun Hur
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
X Ray

A nanostructured ZnTe–TiO2–C composite is synthesized, via a two-step high-energy mechanical milling process, for use as a new promising anode material in Li-ion batteries (LIBs). X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results confirm the successful formation of ZnTe alloy and rutile TiO2 phases in the composites using ZnO, Te, Ti, and C as the starting materials. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping measurements further reveal that ZnTe and TiO2 nanocrystals are uniformly dispersed in an amorphous carbon matrix. The electrochemical performances of ZnTe–TiO2–C and other control samples were investigated. Compared to ZnTe–TiO2 and ZnTe-C composites, the ZnTe– TiO2–C nanocomposite exhibits better performance, thereby delivering a high reversible capacity of 561 mAh g−1 over 100 cycles and high rate capability at a high current density of 5 A g−1 (79% capacity retention of its capacity at 0.1 A g−1). Furthermore, the long-term cyclic performance of ZnTe–TiO2–C at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 shows excellent reversible capacity of 528 mAh g−1 after 600 cycles. This improvement can be attributed to the presence of a TiO2-C hybrid matrix, which acts as a buffering matrix that effectively mitigates the large volume changes of active ZnTe during repeated cycling. Overall, the ZnTe–TiO2–C nanocomposite is a potential candidate for high-performance anode materials in LIBs.

scholarly journals Modification of Graphene Oxide and Preparation of RuO2 Nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyeong-Won Park
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphene Layers ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Graphene-oxide (G) was prepared by the Hummers’ method. A G-COOH layer was synthesised using chloroacetic acid and G. To fabricate carboxylated graphene-RuO2 (G-COORu) nano¬¬-composites, RuO2 nano particles were grown on graphene layers using a one-step thermal method, -COOH(G-COOH), and RuCl3. All materials were characterised using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance as well as X-ray photoelectron, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman. The electrochemical characteristics of the G-COORu supercapacitors were analysed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, constant current charge–discharge tests, and Nyquist impedance plots. The supercapacitors exhibit a specific capacitance of ~125 F g-1 at 100 mA cm-2 within the potential range of 0–1.0 V. The method used here provides a simple approach for the deposition of RuO2 nano particles on graphene layers and can be widened to the fabrication of other classes of hybrids based on G layers for specific technical applications.

scholarly journals Electrochemical study on nickel aluminum layered double hydroxides as high-performance electrode material for lithium-ion batteries based on sodium alginate binder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyue Li ◽  
Marco Fortunato ◽  
Anna Maria Cardinale ◽  
Angelina Sarapulova ◽  
Christian Njel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Electrode Material ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Electrochemical Study ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Mechanism

AbstractNickel aluminum layered double hydroxide (NiAl LDH) with nitrate in its interlayer is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the performance of the material is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. The NiAl LDH electrode based on sodium alginate (SA) binder shows a high initial discharge specific capacity of 2586 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 and good stability in the potential range of 0.01–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li, which is better than what obtained with a polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF)-based electrode. The NiAl LDH electrode with SA binder shows, after 400 cycles at 0.5 A g−1, a cycling retention of 42.2% with a capacity of 697 mAh g−1 and at a high current density of 1.0 A g−1 shows a retention of 27.6% with a capacity of 388 mAh g−1 over 1400 cycles. In the same conditions, the PVDF-based electrode retains only 15.6% with a capacity of 182 mAh g−1 and 8.5% with a capacity of 121 mAh g−1, respectively. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal a conversion reaction mechanism during Li+ insertion into the NiAl LDH material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS have been combined with the electrochemical study to understand the effect of different cutoff potentials on the Li-ion storage mechanism. Graphical abstract The as-prepared NiAl-NO3−-LDH with the rhombohedral R-3 m space group is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the material’s performance is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. Ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ex situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) reveal a conversion reaction mechanism during Li+ insertion into the NiAl LDH material. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and XPS have been combined with the electrochemical study to understand the effect of different cutoff potentials on the Li-ion storage mechanism. This work highlights the possibility of the direct application of NiAl LDH materials as negative electrodes for LIBs.

Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of a LiNi0.7Co0.3O1.9Cl0.1 Cathode Material for Lithium-Ion Battery

2007 ◽  
Vol 336-338 ◽  
pp. 463-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Lu Li ◽  
Fei Yu Kang ◽  
Yong Ping Zheng ◽  
Xiu Juan Shi ◽  
Wan Ci Shen
Keyword(s):  
Hexagonal Lattice ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Constant Current ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Constant Current Charge ◽  
Initial Cycle ◽  
Partial Oxygen

Partial oxygen in LiNi0.7Co0.3O2 was replaced by chlorine to form LiNi0.7Co0.3O1.9Cl0.1. Phase structure of LiNi0.7Co0.3O1.9Cl0.1 was identified as a pure hexagonal lattice of α-NaFeO2 type by X-ray diffraction. Discharge capacity of LiNi0.7Co0.3O1.9Cl0.1 was 202 mAh/g in initial cycle at 15 mA/g current density in 2.5- 4.3 V potential window. The constant current charge/discharge experiments and cyclic voltammograms showed that chlorine addition was effective to improve reversible capacity and cycle stability of LiNi0.7Co0.3O2.

EXCELLENT CYCLING PERFORMANCE OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL-ORDERED MACROPOROUS NiFe2O4 AS ANODE MATERIAL FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 327-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
TIANJING ZHANG ◽  
HUJUN CAO ◽  
JUANJUAN PENG ◽  
QIZHEN XIAO ◽  
ZHAOHUI LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Anode Material ◽  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
Colloidal Crystal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Cyclic Voltammogram ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ordered Macroporous

Three-dimensional ordered macroporous (3DOM) nickel ferrite ( NiFe2O4 ) anode material is synthesized via colloidal crystal template. A Close-packed poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) spheres is used as template. Scanning electron microscopy observations reveal that the obtained 3DOM NiFe2O4 material has uniform spherical macropores with diameter about 140-nm and 20-nm size walls. The cyclic voltammogram and galvanostatic test are employed to evaluate the electrochemical characteristics of the as-prepared NiFe2O4 . It shows high initial discharge capacity (up to 1370 mAh g-1) and reversible capacity of 670 mAh g-1 at the current density of 0.2 mA cm-2. The results suggest that 3DOM nickel ferrite is a good candidate for anode material of lithium ion batteries.

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