General Overview of Autonomous Forward-Deployed Systems and Their Energy Needs

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Dallas J. Meggitt ◽  
Michèle Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Deployed Systems

AbstractForward-deployed and remote sensor systems all require persistent, autonomous, reliable in situ sources of energy. There are several different classes of forward-deployed systems, each of which typically has a different range of energy requirements. Some of these systems are buoys; others are bottom-laid. Several such systems are being developed for a variety of scientific and military applications, including, for example, (1) remote systems with a single or small number of sensors; (2) networked scientific sensor systems (Undersea Distributed Networks); (3) low-power, forward-deployed surveillance systems with many sensors; and (4) forward-deployed communications relay systems. Energy requirements for these systems depend on several factors, including overall energy requirements, mission duration, duty cycle, observability, and fixed or mobile system. Many previous and current forward-deployed systems have depended on batteries for energy, but batteries are limited in the amount of energy they can store unless they can be recharged or replaced. Some previous systems have used diesel, sometimes in combination with solar panels and battery backups, but solar panels degrade and lose efficiency with salt encrustation, corrosion, and bird excrement. Recent developments in reliable, scalable wave energy technology, together with relatively efficient energy storage technologies, offer the opportunity for application of these technologies for providing autonomous power to remote sensor systems. This paper describes several remote sensor systems, reviews and summarizes energy requirements for these systems, and provides in situ wave energy system concepts to meet these requirements. The paper focuses on wave energy as being closest to practical implementation of current renewable energy technologies.

scholarly journals Perhitungan Kebutuhan Daya Listrik untuk Penggerak Perahu Nelayan Bertenaga Surya

CYCLOTRON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radiratu K ◽  
Belly Yan Dewantara
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Fishing Boat ◽  
Body Design

Abstrak - Perahu merupakan salah satu armada yang digunakan para nelayan untuk mencari mata pencaharian. Namun pada umumnya pada saat perahu nelayan beropesi mengandalkan bahan bakar sebagai penggerak kapal, hal ini sangatlah tidak menguntungkan mengingat harga bahan bakar semakin mahal. Pada penelitian ini akan membahas desain dan perhitungan daya listrik penggerak perahu nelayan dimana enegi listrik didapat dari energi surya. Dengan adanya sistem pemanfaatan energi surya ini akan menghemat pengeluaran nelayan bahkan bisa dikatakan bahwa energi ini merupakan energi cuma-cuma atau gratis. Pada penelitian ini akan dihitung desain bodi perahu dengan kapasitas 2-3 orang, perhitungan kebutuhan alat penggerak, perhitungan kebutuhan energi listrik dan perhitungan panel surya yang akan digunakan. Hasil dari penelelitian ini dapat dijadikan kajian untuk pengembangan perahu ramah lingkungan, ekonomis, dan pemanfatan enegi surya yang merupakan energi terbarukan. Kapal yang dirancang mempunyai dimensi 3 meter dan lebar 1,33 meter dengan kecepatan 3-4 knot dan menggunakan panel surya dengan spesifikasi 150Wp sebanyak 3 buah.Kata kunci: perahu nelayan, energi penggerak kapal, panel surya, energi terbarukan, MPPTAbstract—Boat is one of the fleets that fishermen use livelihoods. But in general, when fishing boats oppose relying on fuel as a boat propeller, this is very unprofitable given the increasingly expensive. In this study will discuss the design and calculation of electric power driving a fishing boat where the electric energy is obtained from solar energy. Solar energy system will save fishermen's expenses. It can even be said that this energy is free energy. In this study the boat body design will be design with a capacity of 2-3 people, calculation of propulsion requirements, calculation of electrical energy requirements and calculation of solar panels to be used. The results of this research can be used as a study for the development of environmentally friendly, economical boats and the utilization of solar energy which is renewable energy. The ship was designed to have dimensions of 3 meters and 1.33 meters wide with a speed of 3-4 knots and uses 3 solar panels with capasity 150Wp.Keywords: fishing boat, boat propulsion energy, solar panel, renewable energy, MPPT

Post-Hurricane Michael damage assessment using ADCIRC storm surge hindcast, image classification, and LiDAR

Shore & Beach ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Davis ◽  
Diana Mitsova ◽  
Tynon Briggs ◽  
Tiffany Briggs
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Feedback Mechanism ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Airborne Lidar ◽  
Storm Events ◽  
Magnetic Current ◽  
Coastal Mapping ◽  
Electro Magnetic

Wave forcing from hurricanes, nor’easters, and energetic storms can cause erosion of the berm and beach face resulting in increased vulnerability of dunes and coastal infrastructure. LIDAR or other surveying techniques have quantified post-event morphology, but there is a lack of in situ hydrodynamic and morphodynamic measurements during extreme storm events. Two field studies were conducted in March 2018 and April 2019 at Bethany Beach, Delaware, where in situ hydrodynamic and morphodynamic measurements were made during a nor’easter (Nor’easter Riley) and an energetic storm (Easter Eve Storm). An array of sensors to measure water velocity, water depth, water elevation and bed elevation were mounted to scaffold pipes and deployed in a single cross-shore transect. Water velocity was measured using an electro-magnetic current meter while water and bed elevations were measured using an acoustic distance meter along with an algorithm to differentiate between the water and bed during swash processes. GPS profiles of the beach face were measured during every day-time low tide throughout the storm events. Both accretion and erosion were measured at different cross-shore positions and at different times during the storm events. Morphodynamic change along the back-beach was found to be related to berm erosion, suggesting an important morphologic feedback mechanism. Accumulated wave energy and wave energy flux per unit area between Nor’easter Riley and a recent mid-Atlantic hurricane (Hurricane Dorian) were calculated and compared. Coastal Observations: JALBTCX/NCMP emergency-response airborne Lidar coastal mapping & quick response data products for 2016/2017/2018 hurricane impact assessments

Active and Trust Based Packet Transfer Method via Route Tracking for Wireless Sensor Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6S2) ◽  
pp. 221-224
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Sensor Systems ◽  
Remote Sensor ◽  
Dynamic Source ◽  
Transfer Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Ebb And Flow ◽  
The Way

Trust is critical in remote sensor systems to exchange the information from source to goal. The Dynamic Source Protocol computes the substitute way, if any hub neglects to exchange the information. The Dynamic Source Protocol does not have any worked in usefulness to figure a substitute way if the way has a vindictive hub. With the cost of an interloper recognition framework we can identify the vindictive hub and modify the information/parcel exchange way. Notwithstanding, gatecrasher location framework is extremely costly for remote sensor systems and there is no certification in identifying a malevolent hub. In the ebb and flow look into a trust-based approach is prescribed to limit the overheads of gatecrasher location framework and it likewise recognizes the anomalous conduct hubs. The proposed demonstrate utilizes the rehashed recreations to distinguish flawed hubs through the agreeable exertion in the sensor organize and additionally judges the trust of progressive hubs. Reenactments were exhibited for standardized result of parcel dropping, normal rebate result, and trust connection.

scholarly journals Exergy Assessment and Thermo-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar Systems with Seasonal Storage and Heat Pump Coupling in the Social Housing Sector in Zaragoza

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Amaya Martínez-Gracia ◽  
Sergio Usón ◽  
Mª Teresa Pintanel ◽  
Javier Uche ◽  
Ángel A. Bayod-Rújula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Systems ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
Solar Field

A real case study of an energy system based on a Solar Assisted Heat Pump (SAHP) fed by hybrid photovoltaic-thermal solar panels (PVT) and seasonal storage (SS) is presented in this paper. Exergy and exergy cost analyses are proposed as complementary methods for the assessment and better understanding of the efficiency of this cogeneration solar configuration. The system performance takes advantage of storage heat in summer, when the solar resource is high in Spain, and is then later consumed during the cold winter (heating season). The building is devoted to social housing, and it is currently under construction. The assessment is based on simulations developed using TRNSYS, a dynamic simulation software for energy systems. Results show that the unit exergy cost of the solar field is around 6. The cost of the seasonal storage is higher, about 13, and its formation is affected both by its own irreversibility and by the irreversibility of the PVT solar field. The cost of the heat delivered by the heat pump is around 15, being affected by all the upstream units and even by the grid. Besides, the analysis points out strategies for improving the system efficiency, such as increasing the size of the storage tank or improving the control strategy of the boiler.

scholarly journals COMPARATING ANALYSIS OF COORDINATE SEARCH METHODS EFFICIENCY FOR THE OPTIMAL SOLAR PANEL POSITION FINDING

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
M. O. Slabinoga ◽  
N.B. Klochko ◽  
O. S. Krynytskyi ◽  
Yu. M. Kuchirka
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Search Methods ◽  
Optimal Position ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Rosenbrock Method ◽  
Efficiency Of Algorithms

The work is devoted to the investigation of the effectiveness of the coordinate search methods for solving the problem of finding the position of the solar panels, in which the greatest power of the produced current is achieved. The existing solutions in the market of sun surveillance systems (solar trackers) are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of such systems are presented in comparison with fixed panels. It is proposed to improve the hardware and software for research of the solar panels efficiency, developed by the authors and highlighted in the previous works, by integrating the program realization of the algorithm of coordinate search of the maximum power of solar panels into the existing. For this purpose, the efficiency of three algorithms for coordinate search of the maximum, namely, the method of coordinate ascending, the Huck-Jeeves method and the Rosenbrock method, was studied in three parameters. Experiments were carried out on data obtained both experimentally using the lab stand for solar panel efficiency research, and by generation using mathematical model of the solar panel efficiency dependance on the angle of radiation, described in previous works. TThe results of experiments are analyzed, which showed a fundamental difference between the work of coordinatewise search algorithms on a mathematical model and experimental data. The main indicators of the efficiency of algorithms are substantiated on the basis of the meteorological conditions in which the measurement was carried out for the formation of experimental data. Conclusions are drawn regarding the efficiency of using these coordinate-based search methods for solving the problem of finding the optimal position of solar panels. Further prospects for research on this topic and the possibility of using coordinate-wise search methods in software of solar panels with a biaxial orientation on the position of the Sun are given.

Experimental Test of 3kW Cylindrical Wave Energy System with Horizontal Rotation

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 1311-1315
Author(s):  
Min-Su Park ◽  
Youn-Ju Jeong ◽  
Jeongsoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Test ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Cylindrical Wave

Analysis of the Wells Turbine Structure of an Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy System

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Jemni ◽  
Hamdi Hentati ◽  
Sawsan Elmbarki ◽  
Mohamed Salah Abid
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Oscillating Water Column ◽  
Wells Turbine

Effects of Misaligned Wave and Wind Action on the Response of the Combined Concept WindWEC

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madjid Karimirad ◽  
Constantine Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wave Energy ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Mooring Line ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
Dynamic Simulations ◽  
Line System ◽  
Wind Action

In the present paper, the effects of misaligned wave and wind action on the dynamic response of the WindWEC combined concept are evaluated and presented. WindWEC is a recently proposed combined wind and wave energy system; a hybrid offshore energy system that consists of: (a) a 5MW floating wind turbine supported by a spar-type substructure (e.g. Hywind), a Wave Energy Converter (WEC) that is of heaving buoy type (e.g. Wavestar), (c) a structural arm that connects the spar with the WEC and (d) a common mooring system. Hybrid offshore platforms are combining wave and wind energy systems and are designed in order to gain the possible synergy effects and reduce the cost of generated electrical power while increasing the quality of delivered power to grids. During the lifetime of a combined concept, wave and wind can be misaligned which may affect the dynamic response and as a result the functionality of it. In particular, for asymmetric configurations, the misalignment of the wave and wind may result in unexpected behaviour and significant effects that may reduce the produced power. For the case of the WindWEC concept, the relative motion of the spar platform and WEC buoy results to the produced power. In this paper, the dynamic response and power production of the buoy type WEC and wind turbine are examined for different loading conditions where the wave and wind are misaligned. Integrated/coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic time-domain dynamic simulations considering multi-body analyses are applied. The motion, structural and tension responses as well as power production are examined. The misalignment of wave and wind results to higher loads that affect the mooring line system and motion responses of the spar. It is found that the produced power of wind turbine is not significantly affected.

scholarly journals Grey SWARA-FUCOM Weighting Method for Contractor Selection MCDM Problem: A Case Study of Floating Solar Panel Energy System Installation

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao ◽  
Esangbedo ◽  
Bai ◽  
Esangbedo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Weighting Method ◽  
Weight Analysis ◽  
Consistent Method ◽  
Grey Relational

Selection of the most appropriate contractor for the installation of solar panels is essential to maximizing the benefit of this renewable, sustainable energy source. Solar energy is one of the 100% renewable energy sources, but implementation may not be very simple and cost-effective. A key phase in the implementation of renewable energy is the evaluation of contractors for the installation of solar panels, which is addressed as a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem. A new hybrid method is proposed that combines the stepwise weight analysis ratio assessment (SWARA) and full consistent method (FUCOM) weights that are represented as grey numbers used with traditional grey relational analysis (GRA) and evaluation based on distance from average solution (EDAS) methods. The ranking of contractors by both methods is the same, which confirmed the results presented in this research. The use of the grey SWARA-FUCOM weighting method combined with the GRA and EDAS methods increased the decision-makers’ (DMs) confidence in awarding the installation of the solar panel energy system to the top-ranked contractor.

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