scholarly journals BOMBYX CUNEA AND SPILOSOMA CONGRUA

1899 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
John B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Small Species ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Spilosoma Congrua ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
Considerable Range ◽  
Range Of Variation

The paper in the May number of The Canadian Entomologist on the above subject is very interesting, but does not, in my opinion, entirely conclude the subject. Dr. Fyles proves definitely a considerable range of variability in what he calls congrua, and what is without any doubt antigone, Strecker. It seems to be certain that there are two species having a very similar range of variation—the insect that we call the fall webworm in the larval stage, and the insect bred by Dr. Fyles. Of the variability of cunea there is no doubt. I had not been aware, heretofore, that antigone had anything like the same range.In the matter of determining what species Walker had before him a number of factors must be considered, as we have not available for ready examination the actual specimens described. In the first place there but three examples, apparently similar, for no variations are mentioned; but all from Georgia, and there is a very considerable range of variation in size; that is, from 16 to 20 lines, or one-third of an inch in a small species.

scholarly journals GEORGE KEITH BATCHELOR 8 March 1920–30 March 2000 Founding Editor, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1956

2000 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERBERT E. HUPPERT
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Mechanics ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
Founding Editor ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Quantitative Understanding ◽  
The Subject

George Batchelor was one of the giants of fluid mechanics in the second half of the twentieth century. He had a passion for physical and quantitative understanding of fluid flows and a single-minded determination that fluid mechanics should be pursued as a subject in its own right. He once wrote that he ‘spent a lifetime happily within its boundaries’. Six feet tall, thin and youthful in appearance, George's unchanging attire and demeanour contrasted with his ever-evolving scientific insights and contributions. His strongly held and carefully articulated opinions, coupled with his forthright objectivity, shone through everything he undertook.George's pervasive influence sprang from a number of factors. First, he conducted imaginative, ground-breaking research, which was always based on clear physical thinking. Second, he founded a school of fluid mechanics, inspired by his mentor G. I. Taylor, that became part of the world renowned Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP) of which he was the Head from its inception in 1959 until he retired from his Professorship in 1983. Third, he established this Journal in 1956 and actively oversaw all its activities for more than forty years, until he relinquished his editorship at the end of 1998. Fourth, he wrote the monumental textbook An Introduction to Fluid Dynamics, which first appeared in 1967, has been translated into four languages and has been relaunched this year, the year of his death. This book, which describes the fundamentals of the subject and discusses many applications, has been closely studied and frequently cited by generations of students and research workers. It has already sold over 45 000 copies. And fifth, but not finally, he helped initiate a number of international organizations (often European), such as the European Mechanics Committee (now Society) and the biennial Polish Fluid Mechanics Meetings, and contributed extensively to the running of IUTAM, the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. The aim of all of these associations is to foster fluid (and to some extent solid) mechanics and to encourage the development of the subject.

Securing the Future for Arts Broadcasting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitriona Noonan ◽  
Amy Genders
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Public Service Broadcasting ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Deliberate Strategy ◽  
Arts Programming

Research commissioned by Ofcom categorises arts television as a genre ‘at risk’ of disappearing as relatively small audiences are unable to offset increased production costs. A decline is also evident in Ofcom's own research which finds that in the five years to 2011, spending on arts programming by the five main terrestrial broadcasters fell by 39 per cent. This decline is the confluence of a number of factors. Decreases in commissioning and production budgets mean fewer resources for producers. Within specialist factual genres such as arts, this can have a limiting effect on the coverage of the subject, access to expertise, and the aesthetics of the final programme. Without a deliberate strategy to save it, the downward trajectory of arts content on British public service broadcasting is unlikely to be reversed.

scholarly journals Relationships between Emotion, Acceptance, Food Choice, and Consumption: Some New Perspectives

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1573
Author(s):  
Witoon Prinyawiwatkul
Keyword(s):  
Food Choice ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Small Range ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Product Acceptability ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors

Food is more than just a source of nutrients—it also provides basic pleasure as well as aesthetic experiences. A number of studies have reported that acceptance, food choice, and consumption are affected by a large number of factors, including both intrinsic and extrinsic factors and cues, as well as consumer characteristics. Food-elicited emotions are becoming a critical component in designing products that meet consumers’ needs and expectations. Several studies have reported emotional responses to food and their relationships to product acceptability, preference, and choice. This Special Issue brings together a small range of studies with a diversity of approaches that provide good examples of the complex and multidisciplinary nature of the subject matter.

Aging and Oxidation of Elastomers

1957 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1251-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Reid Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Radical Chain ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Resultant Effect ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Natural rubber and synthetic elastomers deteriorate on aging as a result of the contribution of a number of factors. It has been generally recognized for many years that the changes in properties on aging are due primarily to the deteriorating effects of one or more of the following factors: heat, light, oxygen, and ozone. Some nonoxidative thermal changes are involved but the effects of heat and light are for the most part a result of their effect upon the oxidation reaction. Thus oxygen in the form of O2 or O3 is the primary cause of deterioration of elastomers. Rapid combination with ozone is a characteristic reaction of unsaturated organic compounds. In the case of rubber the reaction results in cleavage of the molecular chains with the development of surface cracks if the rubber is under stress. These cracks grow both in length and depth and soon result in serious deterioration of the material. The ozone problem is quite different from deterioration by ordinary atmospheric oxygen and is of sufficient importance to justify separate treatment in a future issue of Rubber Reviews. Consequently, this review will be concerned primarily with oxidative deterioration other than that due to ozone. Both thermal and light-initiated oxidation appear to proceed by similar free-radical chain mechanisms involving the formation of hydroperoxides. Thus, information derived from one type of oxidation is usually applicable in some measure to the other. This review will be concerned primarily with thermal oxidation and the resultant effect of the oxidation upon physical properties. Studies of the mechanism of oxidation of polymers is complicated by the difficulty of identification of both initial and final products. Small concentrations of oxygenated groups are introduced on the polymer chain and thus cannot be physically separated from the unreacted portions of the same molecular chain. It is for this reason that extensive use has been made of model compounds with similar structures in trying to determine the nature of the oxidation reaction. There is always some question as to the extent to which information obtained with simple olefins can be applied to the more complex systems of natural and synthetic rubber. Nevertheless, much of the present knowledge has been obtained in this way. In this review we will first summarize some of the pertinent information obtained with model compounds and then consider studies carried out directly on the polymers. The problem is further complicated by the effect of various compounding ingredients as well as the effect of changes brought about by vulcanization upon the oxidation reaction and upon the resultant deterioration of properties of the vulcanized product. One question of particular interest is the way in which inhibitors or antioxidants function to reduce the rate of oxidation and retard the deterioration of properties. This review is directed toward the factors and mechanisms involved in the aging of vulcanized elastomers as brought about by thermal oxidation of inhibited stocks. In the process it will be necessary to consider also the oxidation of model compounds and raw polymers as well as vulcanizates, and to compare inhibited and uninhibited oxidation. No attempt has been made to include all the published material on the subject since many other reviews are available. Rather the author has attempted to interpret the present state of knowledge on aging and oxidation of elastomers, as he sees it, based on the information available at this time.

Argumentacja prawnicza w relacjach prawnik – klient

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 264-279
Author(s):  
Sławomir Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Legal Discourse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Argumentation ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Special Character ◽  
The Subject

A lawyer’s conversation with a client is discourse of special character including elements of a legal discourse. One of the parties in this discourse (client) speaks about facts and the other party (lawyer) provides information about law. The content, form as well as effectiveness of the legal argumentation which a lawyer presents in such a situation depends on a number of factors in terms of both the subject matter and the person concerned. This argumentation is characterised by lack of formalisation, however, it has certain limitations of legal, pragmatic and ethical nature. It precedes and to some extent prepares the argumentation which will be presented in the process of law application.

Clay Tobacco Pipes from the University of Crete Medical Faculty

1988 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Evely
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Medical Faculty ◽  
Clay Pipes ◽  
Tobacco Pipes ◽  
The University ◽  
Considerable Range ◽  
Range Of Variation

A small number of clay pipes for smoking tobacco (of the Eastern or tsimbouchi variety) were uncovered in the Knossos Medical Faculty excavations. These are first catalogued and discussed, and then compared with other published material from Greek lands within the Ottoman Empire. Because such study is still in its infancy, the conclusions are but slight: the KMF pieces, lying relatively early within the series (perhaps broadly the 18th century AD), display a considerable range of variation ‥ not all of which can be paralleled yet from elsewhere.

The family and compliance in schizophrenia: the influence of clinical variables, relatives' knowledge and expressed emotion

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. SELLWOOD ◽  
N. TARRIER ◽  
J. QUINN ◽  
C. BARROWCLOUGH
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Expressed Emotion ◽  
Family Intervention ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship

Background. A variety of factors are related to compliance with medication in schizophrenia, but little attention has been paid to the role of families. Carers' knowledge or expressed emotion (EE) may be related to compliance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of these two factors, as well as their relationships with other variables for the prediction of compliance.Method. A sample of patient–carer pairs (N=79) involved in a family intervention for schizophrenia trial was recruited. Compliance, symptoms, social functioning and attitudes to their carers were assessed in patients. Carers' EE, knowledge and psychopathology were also evaluated.Results. A number of factors were related to compliance, including carers' EE and patients' psychotic symptoms, which contributed independently to not taking medication. Carers' knowledge about schizophrenia and other groups of symptoms was not related to compliance.Conclusions. EE may be an important factor to account for in the understanding of patients' compliance and the direction of the relationship between EE and compliance should be the subject of further study.

scholarly journals ICE EFFECTS ON COASTAL STRUCTURES

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
H.R. Kivisild ◽  
G.D. Ransford
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Past History ◽  
Coastal Structures ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Multiyear Ice

Ice effects on coastal structures, and more particularly the maximum forces caused by ice action, depend on a number of factors, such as:- (a) The physical properties of the ice encountered. (b) The thickness of ice formations. (c) The size of these formations, and their motion. (d) The shape and size of the structures concerned. Past history of ice accumulations is important too, not only in relation to ice properties (as when new ice and multiyear ice are found together at the one location), but also for instance when structures become frozen in, or when ice debris accumulates on sloping faces or when ice bustles form around piers. The very considerable difficulties in carrying out insitu experimental work, not only on the overall effects of interest to engineers such as ice thrust on fixed structures, but also on ice properties themselves, mean that there are still large gaps in our knowledge of the subject. Finally, the non-isotropic nature of the naturally occurring ice, and the broad spectrum of ice behaviour under loading (brittle,ductile or, when creep predominates, viscous), contribute still further to the complexity of the subject.

scholarly journals The generalized centrality method for analyzing network cyberspace

2019 ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Natalia Nikolaevna Gorlushkina ◽  
Sergei Evgenievich Ivanov ◽  
Lubov Nikolaevna Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Graph Model ◽  
Graph Models ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Centrality Analysis

The subject of the research is the methods of network cyberspace analysis based on graph models. The analysis allows to find leaders of groups and communities, to find cohesive groups and visualize the results. The main methods of the graph theory used for cyberspace social networks are the methods of analyzing the centrality to determine the relative weight or importance of the vertices of the graph. There are known methods for analyzing centralities: by degree, by proximity, by mediation, by radiality, by eccentricity, by status, eigenvector, referential ranking. The disadvantage of these methods is that they are based only on one or several properties of the network participant. Based on the centrality analysis methods, a new generalized centrality method is proposed, taking into account such participant properties as the participant's popularity, the importance and speed of information dissemination in the cyberspace network. A mathematical model of a new method of generalized centrality has been developed. Comparison of the results of the presented method with the methods of the analysis of centralities is performed. As a visual example, a subgroup of cyberspace consisting of twenty participants, represented by a graph model, is analyzed. Comparative analysis showed the accuracy of the method of generalized centrality, taking into account at once a number of factors and properties of the network participant.

scholarly journals Cambrian Chordates and Vetulicolians

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 354 ◽  
Author(s):  
McMenamin
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Fossil Record ◽  
Posterior Region ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Anterior Section ◽  
Deuterostome Evolution ◽  
Sudden Appearance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Range Of Variation

Deuterostomes make a sudden appearance in the fossil record during the early Cambrian. Two bilaterian groups, the chordates and the vetulicolians, are of particular interest for understanding early deuterostome evolution, and the main objective of this review is to examine the Cambrian diversity of these two deuterostome groups. The subject is of particular interest because of the link to vertebrates, and because of the enigmatic nature of vetulicolians. Lagerstätten in China and elsewhere have dramatically improved our understanding of the range of variation in these ancient animals. Cephalochordate and vertebrate body plans are well established at least by Cambrian Series 2. Taken together, roughly a dozen chordate genera and fifteen vetulicolian genera document part of the explosive radiation of deuterostomes at the base of the Cambrian. The advent of deuterostomes near the Cambrian boundary involved both a reversal of gut polarity and potentially a two-sided retinoic acid gradient, with a gradient discontinuity at the midpoint of the organism that is reflected in the sharp division of vetulicolians into anterior and posterior sections. A new vetulicolian (Shenzianyuloma yunnanense nov. gen. nov. sp.) with a laterally flattened, polygonal anterior section provides significant new data regarding vetulicolians. Its unsegmented posterior region (‘tail’) bears a notochord and a gut trace with diverticula, both surrounded by myotome cones.

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