NOTES ON MATING BEHAVIOR AND OVIPOSITION OF CHRYSOCHARIS LARICINELLAE (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE), A PARASITE OF THE LARCH CASEBEARER (COLEOPHORA LARICELLA)

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Quednau
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Coleophora Laricella ◽  
Host Mortality

AbstractChrysocharis laricinellae (Ratz.) mated readily in the laboratory when several individuals of both sexes were held together in a vial. The courtship dance performed by the male is described. Parasite females develop mature eggs 3 days after emergence and are apparently capable of resorbing the eggs if hosts are not available, and to produce new ones after host-feeding. Storage of eggs in the ovary for 5 months at 55°F and sterility (phasic castration) of certain individuals is reported. Longevity of egg-laying females at 75°F was about 1 month less than that of parasites that had been denied contact with hosts. Odor apparently plays little or no role in the location of the larch casebearer larvae by C. laricinellae, but chemical surface stimuli seem to exist on the surface of a mine or case of Coleophora laricella (Hbn.). The parasite is also stimulated by vibrations of the host in its case. The oviposition and host-feeding pattern of C. laricinellae is described. Host-feeding on fourth-instar larvae of the larch casebearer contributed little to host mortality.

Could hosts considered as low quality for egg-laying be considered as high quality for host-feeding?

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Lebreton ◽  
Eric Darrouzet ◽  
Claude Chevrier
Keyword(s):  
Egg Laying ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
High Quality

Host Feeding Pattern of Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vector Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from Kuttanadu, Kerala, India

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 927-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Philip Samuel ◽  
N. Arunachalam ◽  
J. Hiriyan ◽  
B. K. Tyagi
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Vector ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Host Feeding

scholarly journals Seasonal Abundance and Host-Feeding Patterns of Anopheline Vectors in Malaria Endemic Area of Iran

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Basseri ◽  
Ahmad Raeisi ◽  
Mansoor Ranjbar Khakha ◽  
Abaas Pakarai ◽  
Hassanzehi Abdolghafar
Keyword(s):  
Human Blood ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Resting Behavior

Seasonal abundance and tendency to feed on humans are important parameters to measure for effective control of malaria vectors. The objective of this study was to describe relation between feeding pattern, abundance, and resting behavior of four malaria vectors in southern Iran. This study was conducted in ten indicator villages (based on malaria incidence and entomological indices) in mountainous/hilly and plain regions situated south and southeastern Iran. Mosquito vectors were collected from indoor as well as outdoor shelters and the blood meals were examined by ELISA test. Over all 7654 femaleAnophelesspp. were captured, the most common species wereAnopheles stephensi, An. culicifacies, An. fluviatilis,andAn. d'thali. The overall human blood index was 37.50%, 19.83%, 16.4%, and 30.1% forAn. fluviatilis, An. stephensi, An. culicifacies, andAn. d'thali, respectively. In addition,An. fluviatilisfed on human blood during the entire year but the feeding behavior ofAn. stephensiandAn. culicifaciesvaried according to seasons. Overall, the abundance of the female mosquito positive to human blood was 4.25% per human shelter versus 17.5% per animal shelter. This result indicates that the vectors had tendency to rest in animal shelters after feeding on human. Therefore, vector control measure should be planned based on such as feeding pattern, abundance, and resting behavior of these vectors in the area.

An Effect of Parasite Attack on Host Mortality, as Exemplified by Encarsia formosa and Trialeurodes vaporariorum

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Field Tests ◽  
Trialeurodes Vaporariorum ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Encarsia Formosa ◽  
Mature Adult ◽  
Bracon Hebetor ◽  
Black Scale ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Juvenilizing Effect

It is not unusual for parasite attack on insect hosts to have different consequences for individuals of the same species. An indication of the variation in types of alternative effects is given by a consideration of three host-parasite relationships. First, although most hosts in a population are susceptible to parasitization, some are immune to attack: about one in 3,000 larvae of the Mediterranean flour moth, Anagasta kühniella (Zeller), was found by Payne (1934) to be immune to attack by Bracon hebetor Say. Second, tile morphology of hosts may be modified differentially by parasitism: unhatched eggs of Aphdius platensis Brethes exert a juvenilizing effect on nymphs of Aphis craccivora Koch whereas parasite larvae sometimes cause the appearance of adult characters (Johnson, 1959). Third, some hosts are successfully parasitized whereas others are killed long before parasite progeny can mature: adult females of Metaphycus helvolus (Com.) kill the black scale, Saissetin oleae (Bern.), by parasitization, by mutilation with the ovipositor, and by host-feeding at wounds made by the ovipositor. Field tests showed that up to 97 per cent of a black-scale infestation may be killed by the parasite over a period of several months.

NOTES ON MATING, OVIPOSITION, ADULT LONGEVITY, AND INCUBATION PERIOD OF EGGS OF THE LARCH CASEBEARER, COLEOPHORA LARICELLA (LEPIDOPTERA: COLEOPHORIDAE), IN THE LABORATORY

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Quednau
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Coleophora Laricella ◽  
Average Longevity

AbstractMating in Coleophora laricella (Hbn.) took place 1 or 2 days after emergence and was stimulated by decreasing light intensity ranging from 3000 ft-c to 200 ft-c within 2 hours. The female is pro-ovigenic, with peak opposition during the first week. Optimum temperature for egg laying was 70 to 80°F; the average number of eggs deposited was about 66; average longevity of female adults was about 10 days at room temperature, but considerably longer at lower temperatures. A few eggs were laid at 50° and 95°F. Incubation period of the eggs was 12 days at 80° to 85°F and 40 days at 55°F. Hatching of eggs did not occur above 85°F or below 55 °F.

Host Feeding Pattern of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) and Its Role in Transmission of West Nile Virus in Harris County, Texas

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goudarz Molaei ◽  
Robert B. Tesh ◽  
Hilda Guzman ◽  
Yvonne Randle ◽  
Susan V. Real ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Harris County ◽  
West Nile

Influence of Food on Fecundity and Longevity of Adults of Itoplectis conquisitor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Leius
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Influence Of Food ◽  
Host Mortality

The females of many species of chalcids, braconids, pteromalids, and ichneumonids feed on the body fluids or hemolymph of their host. The fact that the adult males do not partake of this food indicates that such feeding may be associated with egg production. Carbohydrate foods, in addition to the body fluids of the host, are essential to egg production in certain species. Feeding on the host by females of certain hymenopterous parasites increases their value as control agents. This feeding sometimes may be more important than parasitism as a cause of host mortality. Itoplectis conquisitor (Say), a host feeding parasite, is considered in this paper.

SUPERPARASITISM OF GYPSY MOTH, LYMANTRIA DISPAR (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE), LARVAE BY PARASETIGENA SILVESTRIS (ROBINEAU-DESVOIDY) (DBPTERA: TACHINIAE)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juli R. Gould ◽  
Joseph S. Elkinton ◽  
Thomas M. ODell
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Host Mortality ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn the field, superparasitism of Lymantria dispar (L.) by Parasetigena silvestris (Robineau-Desvoidy) was not the result of random oviposition, but, because parasitoid eggs were aggregated, certain hosts were more likely to be parasitized than average. Parasitoid eggs were more aggregated when gypsy moth larvae were collected from under burlap bands than when larvae were collected elsewhere in the same 9-ha plot, resulting in lowered mortality due to parasitism. This finding suggests that collecting larvae from burlap bands may not provide accurate estimates of the impact of P. silvestris on populations of L. dispar. In laboratory studies, deposition of more than one egg on a single host significantly increased parasitoid emergence and host mortality. However, increasing superparasitism had a negative effect on both the probability that an individual parasitoid would survive to emerge from a host and the size of the puparium produced by the parasitoid. The probability of parasitoid survival was higher when fifth- rather than fourth-instar gypsy moth larvae were attacked, but puparia produced by parasitoids emerging from fifth-instar larvae were smaller.

scholarly journals Host-Feeding Pattern of Culex theileri (Diptera: Culicidae), Potential Vector of Dirofilaria immitis in the Canary Islands, Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1419-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josué Martínez-de la Puente ◽  
Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽  
Lorenzo Enrique Hernández-Castellano ◽  
Anastasio Argüello ◽  
Santiago Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Potential Vector
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