Influence of Food on Fecundity and Longevity of Adults of Itoplectis conquisitor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (9) ◽  
pp. 771-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Leius
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Influence Of Food ◽  
Host Mortality

The females of many species of chalcids, braconids, pteromalids, and ichneumonids feed on the body fluids or hemolymph of their host. The fact that the adult males do not partake of this food indicates that such feeding may be associated with egg production. Carbohydrate foods, in addition to the body fluids of the host, are essential to egg production in certain species. Feeding on the host by females of certain hymenopterous parasites increases their value as control agents. This feeding sometimes may be more important than parasitism as a cause of host mortality. Itoplectis conquisitor (Say), a host feeding parasite, is considered in this paper.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

IMPLEMENTATION OF FATWA ULAMA COUNCIL ACEH CONCERNING MAINTAINING FARDHU KIFAYAH FOR THE MUSLIM’S CORPSE INFECTED BY COVID 19 IN BANDA ACEH

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Nirwana
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Infected People ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Banda Aceh

Abstract: The phenomenon of the people who forcibly took covid's corpse 19 from the hospital to be taken care of by Fardhu Kifayah by his family and the community, became a conclusion that there was community doubt about the management of Tajhiz Mayat conducted by the hospital. Coupled with the circulation of the video of the Ruku movement 'in the corpse prayer conducted by unscrupulous parties at the Hospital, became added doubts from the public against the hospital. To solve this problem, this research uses a Descriptive Analysis approach, namely by formulating a question, namely How to arrange Covid 19's body in Banda Aceh and this question will be answered with several theories and data sets from the field. So it was concluded in a conclusion that answered the formulation of the problems mentioned. Theoretically the spread of covid 19 is very fast, the size of the virus is only 0.1 micrometer and is in body fluids, especially nasopharyngeal fluid and oropharyngeal fluids of infected people, fluids in the body of covid 19 bodies can get out through every gap of the body such as mouth, nose, eye and rectum, because it requires special techniques in its management. Fardhu kifayah to covid 19 bodies should be carried out by trained Ustad and trained health workers, so that the spread stopped. The results of this study concluded that the management of the Moslem bodies died at Zainal Abidin Hospital in Banda Aceh was in accordance with the Fatwa of the Aceh Ulama Council (MPU) and the bodies were handled by trained Ustad and health workers.

scholarly journals Analysis of the ex-vivo transformation of semen, saliva and urine as they dry out using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and chemometric approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanurup Das ◽  
Abhimanyu Harshey ◽  
Ankit Srivastava ◽  
Kriti Nigam ◽  
Vijay Kumar Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
The Body ◽  
Slow Phase ◽  
Time Since Deposition ◽  
Dry Out

AbstractThe ex-vivo biochemical changes of different body fluids also referred as aging of fluids are potential marker for the estimation of Time since deposition. Infrared spectroscopy has great potential to reveal the biochemical changes in these fluids as previously reported by several researchers. The present study is focused to analyze the spectral changes in the ATR-FTIR spectra of three body fluids, commonly encountered in violent crimes i.e., semen, saliva, and urine as they dry out. The whole analytical timeline is divided into relatively slow phase I due to the major contribution of water and faster Phase II due to significant evaporation of water. Two spectral regions i.e., 3200–3400 cm−1 and 1600–1000 cm−1 are the major contributors to the spectra of these fluids. Several peaks in the spectral region between 1600 and 1000 cm−1 showed highly significant regression equation with a higher coefficient of determination values in Phase II in contrary to the slow passing Phase I. Principal component and Partial Least Square Regression analysis are the two chemometric tool used to estimate the time since deposition of the aforesaid fluids as they dry out. Additionally, this study potentially estimates the time since deposition of an offense from the aging of the body fluids at the early stages after its occurrence as well as works as the precursor for further studies on an extended timeframe.

scholarly journals Ileal transposition helps to regulate plasma hepatokine levels in obese Zucker (Crl:ZUC(ORL)-Leprfa) rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominika Stygar ◽  
Tomasz Sawczyn ◽  
Agnieszka Dulska ◽  
Elżbieta Chełmecka ◽  
Łukasz Mielańczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Retinol Binding Protein ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Ileal Transposition ◽  
Sham Surgery

AbstractWe studied the long-term effect of ileal transposition (IT) metabolic surgery on the hepatokines: retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP4), α-2-HS-glycoprotein (aHSG/fetuin-A), and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma levels, glucose metabolism, body weight, liver histology, as well as total lipids concentration in muscle, liver, and fat tissue of obese Zucker (Crl:ZUC(ORL)-Leprfa) rats. 14 adult males were randomly submitted either to IT or SHAM (control) surgery. Pre-operative hepatokines plasma levels were not significantly different in rats submitted to IT or SHAM protocol. Three months after the procedures the plasma levels of RBP4, aHSG, FGF21, and CRP were significantly lower in IT-operated animals when compared to SHAM-operated group. Three and 12 weeks after the IT and SHAM surgery, the AUCOGTT were significantly lower than AUCOGTT before the surgery. HOMA-IR was lower in rats after IT surgery in comparison to the SHAM-operated rats. Muscle and liver total lipids concentration was reduced after the IT procedure when compared to pre-IT conditions. IT had a significant reductive impact on the body weight in comparison to SHAM surgery in the 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th week after the surgery. We conclude that IT reduces hepatokines’ plasma concentrations, muscle and liver total lipids concentration but not the inflammatory processes in the liver of Zucker (Crl:ZUC(ORL)-Leprfa) rats.

scholarly journals Efficient In Vitro Amplification of Chronic Wasting Disease PrPRES

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (17) ◽  
pp. 9605-9608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy D. Kurt ◽  
Matthew R. Perrott ◽  
Carol J. Wilusz ◽  
Jeffrey Wilusz ◽  
Surachai Supattapone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Prion Protein ◽  
Protein Misfolding ◽  
Chronic Wasting Disease ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wasting Disease ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Significant Step

ABSTRACT Chronic wasting disease (CWD) of cervids is associated with conversion of the normal cervid prion protein, PrPC, to a protease-resistant conformer, PrPCWD. Here we report the use of both nondenaturing amplification and protein-misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) to amplify PrPCWD in vitro. Normal brains from deer, transgenic mice expressing cervid PrPC [Tg(cerPrP)1536 mice], and ferrets supported amplification. PMCA using normal Tg(cerPrP)1536 brains as the PrPC substrate produced >6.5 × 109-fold amplification after six rounds. Highly efficient in vitro amplification of PrPCWD is a significant step toward detection of PrPCWD in the body fluids or excreta of CWD-susceptible species.

NOTES ON MATING BEHAVIOR AND OVIPOSITION OF CHRYSOCHARIS LARICINELLAE (HYMENOPTERA: EULOPHIDAE), A PARASITE OF THE LARCH CASEBEARER (COLEOPHORA LARICELLA)

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Quednau
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Chemical Surface ◽  
Coleophora Laricella ◽  
Host Mortality

AbstractChrysocharis laricinellae (Ratz.) mated readily in the laboratory when several individuals of both sexes were held together in a vial. The courtship dance performed by the male is described. Parasite females develop mature eggs 3 days after emergence and are apparently capable of resorbing the eggs if hosts are not available, and to produce new ones after host-feeding. Storage of eggs in the ovary for 5 months at 55°F and sterility (phasic castration) of certain individuals is reported. Longevity of egg-laying females at 75°F was about 1 month less than that of parasites that had been denied contact with hosts. Odor apparently plays little or no role in the location of the larch casebearer larvae by C. laricinellae, but chemical surface stimuli seem to exist on the surface of a mine or case of Coleophora laricella (Hbn.). The parasite is also stimulated by vibrations of the host in its case. The oviposition and host-feeding pattern of C. laricinellae is described. Host-feeding on fourth-instar larvae of the larch casebearer contributed little to host mortality.

scholarly journals The nutritional use of millet grain for food and feed: a review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. M. Hassan ◽  
N. A. Sebola ◽  
M. Mabelebele
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
The Body ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractWorldwide, millets are regarded as a significant grain, however, they are the least exploited. Millet grain is abundant in nutrients and health-beneficial phenolic compounds, making it suitable as food and feed. The diverse content of nutrients and phenolic compounds present in finger and pearl millet are good indicators that the variety of millet available is important when selecting it for use as food or feed. The phenolic properties found in millets compromise phenolic acids, flavonoids, and tannins, which are beneficial to human health. Moreover, finger millet has an exceptionally unique, more abundant, and diverse phenolic profile compared to pearl millet. Research has shown that millet phenolic properties have high antioxidant activity. The presence of phytochemicals in millet grains has positive effect on human health by lowering the cholesterol and phytates in the body. The frantic demands on maize and its uses in multiple industries have merited the search for alternative grains, to ease the pressure. Substitution of maize with pearl and finger millets in the diets of different animals resulted in positive impact on the performance. Including these grains in the diet may improve health and decrease the risks of diseases. Pearl millet of 50% or more can be used in broiler diets without adversely affecting broiler performance or egg production. Of late, millet grain has been incorporated in other foods and used to make traditional beverages. Thus, the core aim of this review is to provide insight and comprehension about the nutritional and phenolic status of millets and their impact on human and livestock.

Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio J Adrogué ◽  
Nicolaos E Madias
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Acid ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Respiratory Acidosis ◽  
Respiratory Alkalosis ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Acid Base Equilibrium ◽  
Therapeutic Principles ◽  
The Impact

Respiratory acid-base disorders are those disturbances in acid-base equilibrium that are expressed by a primary change in CO2 tension (Pco2) and reflect primary changes in the body’s CO2 stores (i.e., carbonic acid). A primary increase in Pco2 (and a primary increase in the body’s CO2 stores) defines respiratory acidosis or primary hypercapnia and is characterized by acidification of the body fluids. By contrast, a primary decrease in Pco2 (and a primary decrease in the body’s CO2 stores) defines respiratory alkalosis or primary hypocapnia and is characterized by alkalinization of the body fluids. Primary changes in Pco2 elicit secondary physiologic changes in plasma [HCO3ˉ] that are directional and proportional to the primary changes and tend to minimize the impact on acidity. This review presents the pathophysiology, secondary physiologic response, causes, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and therapeutic principles of respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis.  This review contains 4 figures, 3 tables, and 59 references. Key words: Respiratory acidosis, respiratory alkalosis, primary hypercapnia, primary hypocapnia, hypoxemia, pseudorespiratory alkalosis

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