Apple cultivar preferences by Hoplocampa testudinea (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in the Annapolis Valley of Nova Scotia, Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-735
Author(s):  
Christopher Burgart ◽  
Neil K. Hillier ◽  
Suzanne Blatt
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Malus Pumila ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Electrophysiological Tests ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Adult Preference ◽  
Result Management ◽  
Annapolis Valley ◽  
Hoplocampa Testudinea

AbstractThe European apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea (Klug) (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), is an economically important pest in eastern Canada. Growers can experience significant crop losses as management of this species is difficult because it is present during bloom. As a result, management strategies other than pesticides are required for this pest. Eleven commercial and experimental apple (Malus pumila Miller; Rosaceae) cultivars were studied to evaluate host resistance as a potential management strategy. Preferences were determined using field surveys of adult visitation, larval infestation of apples, damage at harvest, behavioural bioassays, and electrophysiological tests. Significant differences in visitation and infestation were observed. H. testudinea preferred “Zestar!”, “s23-06-153”, and “Pinova” over other cultivars examined. Comparison with subsequent larval counts and damage also suggest differential performance of larvae in several cases, irrespective of the adult preference. Y-tube bioassays and electroanntennography results indicate that olfaction plays a role in cultivar discrimination for this species.

scholarly journals A New Look at Cultivar Preference in Hoplocampa testudinea (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) on Apple in the Annapolis Valley of Nova Scotia, Canada

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 769
Author(s):  
Suzanne Blatt ◽  
Kim Hiltz
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Larval Performance ◽  
Differential Survival ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Annapolis Valley ◽  
Hoplocampa Testudinea

(1) Background: The European apple sawfly, Hoplocampa testudinea Klug (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), can be an economically important pest in eastern Canada and shows preference for apple cultivars in Nova Scotia, Canada. We hypothesized that this preference could be due to oviposition by female H. testudinea (preference-performance hypothesis) during the bloom period or differential larval survival during development due to fruitlet physicochemical properties. (2) Methods: Fifteen commercial and experimental apple (Malusdomestica Borkh.; Rosaceae) cultivars located at the Kentville Research and Development Centre (Kentville, Nova Scotia) were chosen and examined for H. testudinea oviposition, larval performance during fruitlet development, fruitlet physicochemical properties and damage assessment at harvest from 2016–2019, inclusive. (3) Results: H. testudinea showed significant cultivar preference during oviposition, during development and at harvest, but the ranking of these cultivars was not the same throughout the season. Total impact by H. testudinea was consistent for most cultivars over multiple years of the study. (4) Conclusion: Correlation of oviposition with damage provided weak evidence for the preference-performance hypothesis. We propose that this relationship is weak due to differential survival of larvae during development.

Nitrogen management strategies on plant growth and severities of Sclerotinia stem rot of canola in eastern Canada

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Gao ◽  
Yuanhong Chen ◽  
SeaRa Lim ◽  
Allen Xue ◽  
Bao-Luo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Sclerotinia Stem Rot ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
N Application ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
N Management

Effective nitrogen (N) management strategies are important for ensuring a balance between optimizing plant growth and minimizing disease damage. A field experiment was conducted for three years to (i) assess the effects of N fertilizer application on the growth and seed yield of canola, and severities of Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR), and (ii) determine a reasonable N-rate for optimizing plant growth and minimizing the loss from SSR in eastern Canada. The experiment was designed with factorial combinations of eight N treatments and two canola hybrids. All N-treatments reduced canola emergence with increasing preplant N application rates above 100 kg ha–1, but had a positive impact on plant height, fresh weight, dry weight and seed yield. The development of SSR showed differential responses to N application rates. Of all the treatments, the split application (50 kg N ha–1 at preplant plus 100 kg N ha–1 side-dressed at the 6-leaf stage) increased canola growth, and often produced the highest or similar seed yields to those of equivalent N rate applied as preplant. At the 150 kg ha–1 N rate, no severe development of SSR was observed in either preplant-only or split application. Overall, this study demonstrates that the split-N management strategy (50+100 kg ha–1) maintained a balance between enhancing plant growth and mitigating the negative impacts of SSR on canola.

scholarly journals COASTAL GEOMORPHOSITES ASSESSMENT FOR ECOTOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN EAST LOMBOK, INDONESIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2spl) ◽  
pp. 589-596
Author(s):  
Danang Sri HADMOKO ◽  
◽  
Muh Aris MARFAI ◽  
Mukhamad Ngainul MALAWANI ◽  
Bachtiar Wahyu MUTAQIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Planning ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Conservation Values

The research set out to analyze coastal typology characteristics and ecotourism development through geomorphosite assessments and suggest fitting management strategies in East Lombok, Indonesia. In this research, the connection between ecotourism potentials and coastal typologies was investigated. The methods of this research were conducted using a combination of GIS-based analysis and field surveys. Geomorphosites were assessed from several facets or attributes: scientific and intrinsic, educational, economic, conservation, and added values. The analysis results showed that two coastal geomorphosites could be developed into ecotourism spots, as supported by East Lombok’s regional planning to promote ecotourism in its tourism branding. In addition, the sites are suggested to develop local products as a part of their attractiveness. Another finding is that the coastal typology has a strong connection to the scoring result, especially the scientific-intrinsic and conservation values.

scholarly journals A modeling study of heterogeneity and surface water-groundwater interactions in the Thomas Brook catchment, Annapolis Valley (Nova Scotia, Canada)

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2751-2793 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gauthier ◽  
M. Camporese ◽  
C. Rivard ◽  
C. Paniconi ◽  
M. Larocque
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Groundwater Levels ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Geological Complexity ◽  
Annapolis Valley ◽  
Response Variables

Abstract. A modelling study of the impacts of subsurface heterogeneity on the hydrologic response of an 8 km2 catchment in the Annapolis Valley (Eastern Canada) is reported. The study is focused in particular on the hydraulic connection and interactions between surface water and groundwater. A coupled (1-D surface/3-D subsurface) numerical model is used to investigate, for a range of scenarios, the spatio-temporal patterns of response variables such as return flow, recharge, groundwater levels, surface saturation, and streamflow. Eight scenarios of increasing geological complexity are simulated, introducing at each step more realistic representations of the geological strata and corresponding hydraulic properties. In a ninth scenario the effects of snow accumulation and snowmelt are also considered. The results show that response variables and significant features of the catchment (e.g., springs) can be adequately reproduced using a representation of the geology and model parameter values that are based on targeted fieldwork and existing databases, and that reflect to a sufficient degree the geological and hydrological complexity of the study area. The hydraulic conductivity values of the thin surficial sediment cover (especially till) and of the North Mountain basalts emerge as key elements of the basin's heterogeneity for properly capturing the overall catchment response.

Towards a balanced presentation and objective interpretation of acoustic and trawl survey data, with specific reference to the eastern Scotian Shelf

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1914-1921 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Jech ◽  
Ian H. McQuinn
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Fish Abundance ◽  
Forage Fish ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Scotian Shelf ◽  
Eastern Canada

A debate has developed over the ecosystem consequences following the collapse of Atlantic cod throughout the coastal waters of eastern Canada. The explosive increase in pelagic fish abundance in scientific bottom-trawl catches on the eastern Scotian Shelf has been interpreted as being due to either (i) a “pelagic outburst” of forage fish abundance resulting from predator release or conversely (ii) a change in pelagic fish vertical distribution leading to a “suprabenthic habitat occupation” thereby increasing their availability to bottom trawls. These two interpretations have diametrically opposing ecological consequences and suggest different management strategies for these important forage fish species. We argue that an objective evaluation of the available evidence supports the hypothesis that the abundance of forage fish has not increased in response to the demise of cod and other top predators, and the reliance on a single sampling gear with low catchability has biased and will continue to bias the interpretation of demographic trends of pelagic fish populations. We advocate that multiple sampling technologies providing alternative perspectives are needed for the monitoring and management of the various trophic levels if we are to achieve a balanced and objective understanding of marine ecosystems.

Management strategies for spasmodic stocks: a Canadian Atlantic redfish fishery case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 684-702
Author(s):  
Roberto Licandeo ◽  
Daniel E. Duplisea ◽  
Caroline Senay ◽  
Julie R. Marentette ◽  
Murdoch K. McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Trawl Survey ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Strategy Evaluation ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
Harvest Control Rule ◽  
Sebastes Mentella

There exist few recommendations for managing stocks with spasmodic recruitment, despite such stocks being not uncommon. Management procedures (MPs), developed for two species of redfish (Sebastes mentella and Sebastes fasciatus) in eastern Canada, are recommended for setting catch limits during periods of high and low abundance. A well-designed fishery-independent trawl survey is essential to provide advance warning of strong recruitment events and project future recruitment. Under an “inventory management” strategy, a more appropriate aim in spasmodic stocks may be to maximize the number of years with “good catches,” instead of maximizing total catches, as is traditionally considered in management strategy evaluation (MSE). Following a spasmodic recruitment event, an empirical harvest control rule based on larger fish delays the harvest of large cohorts by a few years, targets more commercially valuable fish sizes, and reduces the risk of growth overfishing. Capped MPs produced longer periods of large catches than uncapped MPs. MPs allowed for low harvests during periods of low abundance, thus avoiding unnecessary hardship in the industry. MPs evaluated here could be good candidates for other stocks with similar or less extreme recruitment variability.

scholarly journals Interaction of Cultural, Biological, and Varietal Controls for Management of Stalk Borers in Louisiana Sugarcane

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Reagan ◽  
Megan M. Mulcahy
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The United States ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Management Paradigms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mexican Rice Borer ◽  
New Pest

Diatraea saccharalis F is considered the most important pest of sugarcane in the United States. This article focuses on the history of pest management as it relates to the control of this stem borer in Louisiana sugarcane, and how control practices have become more in tune with integrated pest management paradigms. Various pest management strategies are employed against D. saccharalis and the interactions between each of these provide farmers with the tools needed to curb damaging infestations. However, the invasion of the Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), and other confounding environmental factors have presented farmers, consultants, and researchers with new pest management challenges. We address these challenges and provide an overview of ongoing developments, particularly in the Louisiana sugarcane pest management program.

scholarly journals EVALUASI STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN WISATA ALAM KAWASAN CURUG LUHUR, KABUPATEN BOGOR

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Rikiyama Anugrah Wijaya Fujiyama ◽  
Irwan Wipranata
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Organizational System ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Nature Tourism ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Research ◽  
Tourism Studies

Nature tourism is one of the very large types of tourism in the territory of Indonesia because of the wealth and beauty of the unlimited natural atmosphere and the high number of enthusiasts of these types of tours. One of the places that have the potential of natural tourism wealth around the foot of Mount Salak, Sukabumi is a curug or commonly known as a waterfall. Curug Luhur is one of the waterfalls that has the potential to be the object of sustainability tourism studies. But it is unfortunate because there are still problems in the area. One problem is the poor management strategy that threatens the preservation of nature and the balance of the ecosystem. To improve management strategies, it is necessary to know a number of problems and potentials in the region so that they can create better management strategies and increase visitor numbers without destroying the ecosystem balance and becoming sustainable tourism. Some aspects that must be considered are the organizational system, accessibility, facilities and infrastructure, human resources, attractiveness, and promotion. While from the perspective of the aspects of sustainable tourism are conservation, community participation, economy, and infrastructure. To get the results of evaluating the management strategy, namely by conducting quantitative and qualitative research and using research methods in the form of interviews, data collection, and field surveys in analyzing locations, physical conditions, carrying capacity of the area, best practices, visitor preferences, and management strategies. Keywords: management; sustainable tourism; waterfall AbstrakWisata alam adalah salah satu jenis wisata yang sangat besar di wilayah Indonesia karena kekayaan dan keindahan suasana alamnya yang tidak terhingga dan jumlah peminat jenis wisata tersebut juga memiliki angka yang tinggi. Salah satu tempat yang memiliki potensi kekayaan wisata alam di sekitar kaki Gunung Salak, Sukabumi adalah berjenis curug atau biasa dikenal sebagai air terjun. Curug Luhur adalah salah satu air terjun yang berpotensi menjadi objek studi pariwisata keberlanjutan. Tetapi sangat disayangkan karena masih terdapat permasalahan pada kawasan tersebut. Salah satu masalahnya adalah strategi pengelolaan yang tidak baik sehingga mengancam kelestarian alam dan keseimbangan ekosistem. Untuk memperbaiki strategi pengelolaan, perlu diketahui beberapa masalah dan potensi pada kawasan tersebut sehingga dapat membuat strategi pengelolaan yang lebih baik dan dapat meningkatkan angka pengunjung tanpa merusak keseimbangan ekosistem di dalamnya dan menjadi pariwisata berkelanjutan. Beberapa aspek yang harus diperhatikan adalah sistem organisasi, aksesibilitas, sarana dan prasarana, sumber daya manusia, daya tarik, dan promosi. Sedangkan dari sudut pandang aspek pariwisata berkelanjutan adalah konservasi, partisipasi masyarakat, ekonomi, dan infrastruktur. Untuk mendapatkan hasil evaluasi strategi pengelolaan, yaitu dengan melakukan penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif serta menggunakan metode penelitian berupa wawancara, pengumpulan data, dan survey lapangan dalam melakukan analisis lokasi, kondisi fisik, daya dukung kawasan, best practices, preferensi pengunjung, dan strategi pengelolaan.

Alternative strategy for management of ecotourism in Bunaken Island, Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Margresye D. Rompas ◽  
Janny D. Kusen ◽  
Markus T. Lasut
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Alternative Strategy ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Alternative Management ◽  
Marine Tourism ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Dive Tourism

Title (Bahasa Indonesia): Strategi alternatif untuk pengelolaan wisata bahari di Pulau Bunaken, Taman Nasional Bunaken, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia The coral reefs of Bunaken Island is one of the attractions of the dive tourism, which has a diversity of marine life and the uniqueness of the objects for divers. To maintain its sustainability, it is necessary to study alternative management strategies of the reefs. This study aimed to describe and evaluate the current conditions in the management of marine tourism in Bunaken Island through formal and informal institutional analysis, and formulate alternative strategies as one of the priority strategies in the management of marine tourism of Bunaken Island. Alternative management strategies were analyzed using SWOT, while collecting data was carried out through field surveys using a questionnaire for visitors, communities, and stakeholder or industry-related tourism. Results of the study recommended that an alternative strategy for the management of Bunaken Island attractions should include: 1) increasing the active participation and involvement of local communities in the management of marine tourism destinations; 2) address the problem of garbage and cleanliness of the area; and 3) optimize the promotion of Bunaken Island adequately as the best maritime destination in the world. Terumbu karang di Pulau Bunaken merupakan salah satu objek wisata selam yang terkenal, di mana memiliki keanekaragaman biota laut dan keunikan panorama obyek penyelamannya. Untuk menjaga kelestariannya, maka perlu dikaji alternatif strategi pengelolaannya agar keberadaannya sebagai salah satu destinasi wisata yang penting bisa berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan mengevaluasi kondisi terkini dalam pengelolaan wisata baharí di Pulau Bunaken secara formal dan nonformal institusional; dan menyusun alternatif strategi sebagai salah satu prioritas strategi pengelolaan wisata baharí di Pulau Bunaken. Alternatif strategi pengelolaan dianalisis menggunakan SWOT, sedangkan pengambilan data melalui survei lapangan dengan menggunakan kuesioner pada pengunjung, masyarakat, dan stakeholder atau industri pariwisata terkait. Hasil penelitian merekomendasikan bahwa alternatif kebijakan untuk pengelolaan objek wisata di Pulau Bunaken meliputi: 1) meningkatkan peran aktif dan pelibatan masyarakat setempat dalam pengelolaan destinasi wisata bahari; 2) mengatasi masalah sampah dan kebersihan kawasan; dan 3) mengoptimalkan kembali promosi Pulau Bunaken secara memadai sebagai destinasi wisata bahari terbaik di dunia.

scholarly journals Management of Botrytis Leaf Blight of Onion: The Québec Experience of 20 Years of Continual Improvement

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odile Carisse ◽  
David-Mathieu Tremblay ◽  
Mary Ruth McDonald ◽  
Luc Brodeur ◽  
Neil McRoberts
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
North And South America

Botrytis leaf blight (BLB) of onion (Allium cepa) is caused by Botrytis squamosa. The disease has been reported on onion crops in several of the onion production areas of the world including North and South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia, although it is not a problem in arid production regions such as the western United States. In eastern Canada, the disease is generally present every year and is especially severe on cultivars of yellow globe onion. The pathogen biology and disease epidemiology have been intensively researched. Over the last few decades, in the organic soil area of Quebec, extensive research effort has been devoted to the development and evaluation of predictive models and disease management strategies. There has been an active integrated pest management program for onions since the early 1980s, and scouting for disease has played a major role in disease management. In this article, the story of BLB management in eastern Canada over a period of two decades is summarized.

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