scholarly journals Pattern of otitis media in young children and adolescents with traditional uvulectomy in Kano, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrazak Ajiya
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Right

Traditional uvulectomy is not an uncommon practice in Nigeria and most part of sub-Saharan Africa. Its practice is well documented in these countries. Traditional uvulectomy and otitis media are both prevalent in Nigeria. However, there is a dearth of studies on a causal relationship between the two in the Nigerian subpopulation. This study aims to assess the pattern of otitis media among young children and adolescents who had traditional uvulectomy. This study was a prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted on all consecutive eligible consenting patients aged 5- to 18-years seen in the ear, nose and throat clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital with amputated uvula detected during routine examination were recruited. A standard tool was developed to obtain data from the patients. Thereafter otoscopy was done for all the patients. A total of 400 patients were recruited into the study, 246 (61.5%) were male and 154 (38.5%) female. The mean (standard deviation) of age was 12.4 (3.8) years. The commonest indication for traditional uvulectomy among the patients was as ritual [356 (89%)] with the least been speech disorder and failure to thrive [3 (76%)] each. Most (60%) had no symptoms suggestive of otitis media over the years. However, most (263 and 259 in the right and left ear respectively) participants had dull tympanic membrane on otoscopy. Majority (280) had their uvulectomy in the neonatal period, and post uvulectomy complications were low (17%). Symptoms of otitis media are not a common finding in patients with traditionally amputated uvulae.

scholarly journals Individual, maternal and household risk factors for anaemia among young children in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. e019654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter P Moschovis ◽  
Matthew O Wiens ◽  
Lauren Arlington ◽  
Olga Antsygina ◽  
Douglas Hayden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Cytomegalovirus-Specific Immunoglobulin G is associated with chronic lung disease in children and adolescents from sub-Saharan Africa with perinatal HIV infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Hameiri Bowen ◽  
Evgeniya Sovershaeva ◽  
Bethany Charlton ◽  
Cecilie Schive ◽  
Jon Odland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Chronic Lung Disease ◽  
Immunoglobulin G ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Specific Immunoglobulin ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract In a cross-sectional study of 296 perinatally HIV-infected children and adolescents from Zimbabwe, individuals with the top tertile of CMV-Specific Immunoglobulin G titre had an increased odds of chronic lung disease (odds ratio 3.33; 95% confidence interval 1.37-8.85; p = 0.010).

scholarly journals Paediatric dilated cardiomyopathy in Khartoum state, Sudan: a prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000970
Author(s):  
Osama Hafiz Elshazali ◽  
Ekhlas Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Dilated Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
A Prospective Study

BackgroundDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a disease of the heart muscle that affects ventricular function; it is a debilitating disease that can lead to heart failure and death in children. There is a lack of good epidemiological data about paediatric DCM in Sudan or in sub-Saharan Africa.ObjectiveTo study the incidence, causes and outcome of DCM among children in Sudan.MethodsA prospective cross-sectional study that was conducted in three paediatric hospitals in Khartoum state, Sudan over the period of 6 months.ResultsDuring the study period, 55 children were seen with the diagnosis of DCM; The female: male ratio was 1.9:1. The incidence of DCM in Khartoum state was found to be 1.4 cases per 100 000 children per year, 10 children (18 %) were diagnosed in the first year of their life. Twenty-seven children (49 %) showed evidence of failure to thrive, being below the fifth percentile for weight. The most common cause of DCM was found to be postviral in 27 children (49%), followed by Idiopathic in 25 children (45%). The most common presentation was the shortness of breath in 53 children (97%), on echocardiography 26 children (47 %) showed evidence of severe left ventricular impairment and 23 children (42%) showed moderate ventricular impairment. Regarding the outcome, 8 children (15%) recovered, the condition of 11 children (20%) remained static and there were 36 deaths (65%).ConclusionThe incidence of DCM in Sudanese children was found to high with a higher mortality compared with middle-income and high-income countries; Improvement in the entire health system is needed to tackle this condition.

scholarly journals Maternal healthcare utilsation and complete childhood vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study of 29 nationally representative surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e045992
Author(s):  
Eugene Budu ◽  
Bright Opoku Ahinkorah ◽  
Richard Gyan Aboagye ◽  
Ebenezer Kwesi Armah-Ansah ◽  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Utilisation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Service Utilisation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to examine the association between maternal healthcare utilisation and complete childhood vaccination in sub-Saharan Africa.DesignOur study was a cross-sectional study that used pooled data from 29 countries in sub-Saharan Africa.ParticipantsA total of 60 964 mothers of children aged 11–23 months were included in the study.Outcome variablesThe main outcome variable was complete childhood vaccination. The explanatory variables were number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, assistance during delivery and postnatal care (PNC).ResultsThe average prevalence of complete childhood vaccination was 85.6%, ranging from 67.0% in Ethiopia to 98.5% in Namibia. Our adjusted model, children whose mothers had a maximum of three ANC visits were 56% less likely to have complete vaccination, compared with those who had at least four ANC visits (adjusted OR (aOR)=0.44, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.46). Children whose mothers were assisted by traditional birth attendant/other (aOR=0.43, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.56) had lower odds of complete vaccination. The odds of complete vaccination were lower among children whose mothers did not attend PNC clinics (aOR=0.26, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.29) as against those whose mothers attended.ConclusionThe study found significant variations in complete childhood vaccination across countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Maternal healthcare utilisation (ANC visits, skilled birth delivery, PNC attendance) had significant association with complete childhood vaccination. These findings suggest that programmes, interventions and strategies aimed at improving vaccination should incorporate interventions that can enhance maternal healthcare utilisation. Such interventions can include education and sensitisation, reducing cost of maternal healthcare and encouraging male involvement in maternal healthcare service utilisation.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Perspectives of Day and Night Traders in Selected Markets within a Sub-Saharan African City with a Malaria Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3468
Author(s):  
Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo ◽  
Nicholas T. K. D. Dayie ◽  
Kevin Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu ◽  
John Ahenkorah ◽  
Emmanuel Afutu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Treatment Type ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Sub Saharan

Background: Malaria is still endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, with a high disease burden. Misconceptions about malaria contribute to poor attitudes and practices, further increasing the burden in endemic countries. Studies have examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of malaria among different populations. However, there seems to be no available literature reporting on the perspectives of day and night market traders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on malaria KAP with a focus on day and night market traders. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving day and night market traders in 10 selected markets within the Greater Accra Region of Ghana was carried out. Data were collected from consenting respondents using a structured questionnaire. Results: Of the 760 respondents (33.3% (n = 253) night and 66.7% (n = 507) day traders) interviewed, there was no significant difference between the day and night market traders in terms of malaria KAP. Although the market traders had an overall moderate knowledge (54.0% of the day traders and 56.5% of the night traders), misconceptions about malaria (especially that it could be caused by exposure to the sun) still existed among the traders. Moreover, the majority of the traders who demonstrated high knowledge (43.98%, n = 250) did not always take laboratory tests to confirm their suspicion, indicating poor attitude. Furthermore, the market traders’ choice of drug for malaria treatment (p = 0.001) and preferred malaria treatment type (orthodox or herbal) (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with their knowledge level. Conclusions: Despite the observation that no significant difference in KAP exists between day and night market traders, appropriate health education programs and interventions still need to be directed at misconceptions, poor attitudes, and poor practices revealed by this study. This will ultimately help in the prevention and control of malaria in Ghana, and globally.

scholarly journals Predictors of HIV Testing among Youth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0164052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibitola O. Asaolu ◽  
Jayleen K. Gunn ◽  
Katherine E. Center ◽  
Mary P. Koss ◽  
Juliet I. Iwelunmor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sub Saharan

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anemia and Undernutrition of Adolescent Females in Selected Schools in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Marina Aferiba Tandoh ◽  
Abigail Owusuaa Appiah ◽  
Anthony Kwaku Edusei
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adolescent Females ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Poor Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia among adolescent females is a major worldwide public health problem which should be given appropriate attention. Half of all anemic cases are caused by iron deficiency. In addition to anemia, poor nutrition is also a challenge in sub-Saharan Africa. This study determined the prevalence of anemia and undernutrition among adolescent females in school. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 151 adolescent females in four basic schools in the Ahafo region of Ghana. The hemoglobin level and anthropometry measures of participants were taken to determine their anemic and nutritional status. The prevalence of anemia among adolescent females in school was 50.3%. Out of the 151 participants, 6.6%, 19.9%, and 23.8% were severely anemic, moderately anemic, or mildly anemic, respectively. Only 2% of the participants were underweight, but the rate of stunting was 26.5%. The notable high prevalence of anemia that was found among adolescent females was correlated with other health and wellness concerns. Anemia and under nutrition negatively affect academic performance, productivity, and general wellbeing of adolescents; therefore, effective measures should be put in place to correct and eradicate these nutritional problems.

scholarly journals Attitudes towards early marriage and related factors among adolescent girls in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Gulema ◽  
Ayah Hamdan ◽  
Jessica Gingles ◽  
Lauren E. Friedman ◽  
Bizu Gelaye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Background Early marriage, although it remains a common practice in sub-Saharan Africa, has detrimental effects on women’s sexual and reproductive health, social networks, and educational attainment. We sought to investigate the association between attitudes towards early marriage and marital status among adolescent girls in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 3,013 adolescent girls aged 13-17 years of age, living in four districts of the Oromia region of Ethiopia. Sociodemographic characteristics and were participants’ attitudes towards early marriage were measured using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Results The prevalence of early marriage among adolescent girls was 8.3% and approximately 87.0% of girls had an overall positive attitude towards early marriage. Compared to adolescent girls who were unmarried, those who were married or living with a partner were less likely to believe they should have a say whether they want to marry or not (OR=0.32; 95%CI: 0.18-0.57), believe they should get to decide when to marry (OR=0.52; 0.31-0.88), and believe they should have the final decision over the decision to marry (OR=0.48; 0.32-0.73). Conclusions Interventions to prevent early marriage should strengthen women decision-making processes and promote women’s agency.

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