scholarly journals Lack of significant difference between internal spermatic vein and brachial vein ischemia modified albumin levels in patients with varicocele

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Yuksel Aliyazicioglu ◽  
Emin Ozbek ◽  
Levent Ozcan ◽  
S. Sami Cakir ◽  
Murat Dursun
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Spermatic Vein ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Internal Spermatic Vein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cobalt Binding ◽  
Brachial Vein

Varicocele is the most common and surgically correctible cause of male infertility in men attending to infertility clinics. Infertility affects 15% of all couples and male factor is the primary or contributing cause in 40% to 60% of cases. Varicocele has been shown to cause male infertility in about 15% of infertile couples. Molecular mechanisms responsible from varicocele induced testicular dysfunction and male infertility have not been completely unknown. Recent years have witnessed a huge amount of scientific works devoted to the mechanism of varicocele associated male infertility and rapid progress in research on its cellular and molecular mechanisms, including apoptosis and oxidative stress of germ cells. Here we evaluated internal spermatic vein and brachal vein ischemia modified albumin (IMA) level in 40 adult male patients with varicocele. IMA level was analyzed using albumin cobalt-binding test. Spermatic vein and brachial vein IMA levels were 0.381 ± 0.135 ABSU (absorbance units) and 0.385 ± 0.131 ABSU, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two areas. IMA levels in the internal spermatic vein of patients with varicocele should not be used as a marker of hypoxia.

scholarly journals Use of Exogenous Testosterone for the Treatment of Male Factor Infertility: A Survey of Nigerian Doctors

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olufunmilade Akinfolarin Omisanjo ◽  
Stephen Odunayo Ikuerowo ◽  
Moruf Adekunle Abdulsalam ◽  
Sheriff Olabode Ajenifuja ◽  
Khadijah Adebisi Shittu
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Mistaken Belief ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Or Practice ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Background. Though exogenous testosterone is known for its contraceptive effects in men, it is sometimes prescribed by medical practitioners for the treatment of male factor infertility in the mistaken belief that exogenous testosterone improves sperm count. The aim of this study was to evaluate the scope of testosterone use in the treatment of male factor infertility by medical practitioners in Lagos, Nigeria.Methods. A survey using a structured questionnaire was carried out amongst doctors attending a regular Continuing Medical Education (CME) programme in Lagos, Nigeria.Results. There were 225 respondents. Most of the respondents (69.8%,n=157) indicated that exogenous testosterone increases sperm count. Only 22 respondents (9.8%) indicated (correctly) that exogenous testosterone decreases sperm count. Seventy-seven respondents (34.2%) had prescribed some form of exogenous testosterone in the treatment of male factor infertility. The vast majority of respondents who had prescribed testosterone (81.8%,n=63) thought exogenous testosterone increases sperm count. There was no statistically significant difference in the pattern of prescription across the respondents’ specialty (p=0.859) or practice type (p=0.747).Conclusion. The misuse of exogenous testosterone for the treatment of male infertility was common amongst the respondents, with most of them wrongly believing that exogenous testosterone increases sperm count.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Male Fertility-Associated Loci in a European Population of Patients with Severe Spermatogenic Impairment

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Miriam Cerván-Martín ◽  
Lara Bossini-Castillo ◽  
Rocío Rivera-Egea ◽  
Nicolás Garrido ◽  
Saturnino Luján ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testicular Sperm Extraction ◽  
Binding Motif ◽  
Obstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Significant Difference

Infertility is a growing concern in developed societies. Two extreme phenotypes of male infertility are non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) and severe oligospermia (SO), which are characterized by severe spermatogenic failure (SpF). We designed a genetic association study comprising 725 Iberian infertile men as a consequence of SpF and 1058 unaffected controls to evaluate whether five single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously associated with reduced fertility in Hutterites, are also involved in the genetic susceptibility to idiopathic SpF and specific clinical entities. A significant difference in the allele frequencies of USP8-rs7174015 was observed under the recessive model between the NOA group and both the control group (p = 0.0226, OR = 1.33) and the SO group (p = 0.0048, OR = 1.78). Other genetic associations for EPSTI1-rs12870438 and PSAT1-rs7867029 with SO and between TUSC1-rs10966811 and testicular sperm extraction (TESE) success in the context of NOA were observed. In silico analysis of functional annotations demonstrated cis-eQTL effects of such SNPs likely due to the modification of binding motif sites for relevant transcription factors of the spermatogenic process. The findings reported here shed light on the molecular mechanisms leading to severe phenotypes of idiopathic male infertility, and may help to better understand the contribution of the common genetic variation to the development of these conditions.

scholarly journals Idiopathic Infertility as a Feature of Genome Instability

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 628
Author(s):  
Agrita Puzuka ◽  
Baiba Alksere ◽  
Linda Gailite ◽  
Juris Erenpreiss
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Genome Instability ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Testicular Dysfunction ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Dna Strand ◽  
Dynamic Mutations

Genome instability may play a role in severe cases of male infertility, with disrupted spermatogenesis being just one manifestation of decreased general health and increased morbidity. Here, we review the data on the association of male infertility with genetic, epigenetic, and environmental alterations, the causes and consequences, and the methods for assessment of genome instability. Male infertility research has provided evidence that spermatogenic defects are often not limited to testicular dysfunction. An increased incidence of urogenital disorders and several types of cancer, as well as overall reduced health (manifested by decreased life expectancy and increased morbidity) have been reported in infertile men. The pathophysiological link between decreased life expectancy and male infertility supports the notion of male infertility being a systemic rather than an isolated condition. It is driven by the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and premature cellular senescence. We have presented extensive data supporting the notion that genome instability can lead to severe male infertility termed “idiopathic oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia.” We have detailed that genome instability in men with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia (OAT) might depend on several genetic and epigenetic factors such as chromosomal heterogeneity, aneuploidy, micronucleation, dynamic mutations, RT, PIWI/piRNA regulatory pathway, pathogenic allelic variants in repair system genes, DNA methylation, environmental aspects, and lifestyle factors.

scholarly journals The Effect of Alcohol on Telomere Length: A Systematic Review of Epidemiological Evidence and a Pilot Study during Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 5038
Author(s):  
Andrea Maugeri ◽  
Martina Barchitta ◽  
Roberta Magnano San Lio ◽  
Maria Clara La Rosa ◽  
Claudia La Mastra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Periconceptional Period ◽  
Using Data

Several studies—albeit with still inconclusive and limited findings—began to focus on the effect of drinking alcohol on telomere length (TL). Here, we present results from a systematic review of these epidemiological studies to investigate the potential association between alcohol consumption, alcohol-related disorders, and TL. The analysis of fourteen studies—selected from PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science databases—showed that people with alcohol-related disorders exhibited shorter TL, but also that alcohol consumption per se did not appear to affect TL in the absence of alcohol abuse or dependence. Our work also revealed a lack of studies in the periconceptional period, raising the need for evaluating this potential relationship during pregnancy. To fill this gap, we conducted a pilot study using data and samples form the Mamma & Bambino cohort. We compared five non-smoking but drinking women with ten non-smoking and non-drinking women, matched for maternal age, gestational age at recruitment, pregestational body mass index, and fetal sex. Interestingly, we detected a significant difference when analyzing relative TL of leukocyte DNA of cord blood samples from newborns. In particular, newborns from drinking women exhibited shorter relative TL than those born from non-drinking women (p = 0.024). Although these findings appeared promising, further research should be encouraged to test any dose–response relationship, to adjust for the effect of other exposures, and to understand the molecular mechanisms involved.

Infertility and the Military Male

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 005-011
Author(s):  
Amanda B. Reed-Maldonado ◽  
Kristin C. Madden
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Male Factor Infertility ◽  
Military Population ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Military Service Members ◽  
Infertile Couples ◽  
The Military

AbstractMale infertility is a condition that affects approximately 50% of infertile couples and about 30% of those couples have only male factor infertility identified. There has been speculation that male military service members may have an even greater lifetime prevalence of infertility as compared to the general population, but very few scientific publications focus on male factor infertility in the military population specifically. This review will discuss many of the unique considerations regarding male infertility in the military and highlight future opportunities for research. The military/federal health system has the potential to serve as a leader in both the delivery of health care for male factor infertility and in the clinical investigation into the etiologies of and treatments for male factor infertility.

scholarly journals Detection of AZF microdeletions and reproductive hormonal profile analysis of infertile sudanese men pursuing assisted reproductive approaches

BMC Urology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Osman Alhassan Elsaid ◽  
Tarteel Gadkareim ◽  
Tagwa Abobakr ◽  
Eiman Mubarak ◽  
Mehad A. Abdelrhem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Y Chromosome ◽  
Klinefelter Syndrome ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

Abstract Background Male factor is the major contributor in roughly half of infertility cases. Genetic factors account for 10–15% of male infertility. Microdeletions of azoospermia factors (AZF) on the Yq region are the second most frequent spermatogenesis disorder among infertile men after Klinefelter syndrome. We detected in our previous study a frequency of 37.5% AZF microdeletions which investigated mainly the AZFb and AZFc. We attempted in this study for the first time to evaluate the frequencies of all AZF sub-regions microdeletions and to analyze reproductive hormonal profiles in idiopathic cases of azoospermic and oligozoospermic men from Sudan. Methods A group of 51 medically fit infertile men were subjected to semen analysis. Four couples have participated in this study as a control group. Semen analysis was performed according to WHO criteria by professionals at Elsir Abu-Elhassan Fertility Centre where samples have been collected. We detected 12 STSs markers of Y chromosome AZF microdeletions using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Analysis of reproductive hormone levels including Follicle Stimulating, Luteinizing, and Prolactin hormones was performed using ELISA. Comparisons between outcome groups were performed using Student’s t-test Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. Results AZF microdeletion was identified in 16 out of 25 Azoospermic and 14 out of 26 of the Oligozoospermic. Microdeletion in the AZFa region was the most frequent among the 30 patients (N = 11) followed by AZFc, AZFd (N = 4 for each) and AZFb (N = 3). Among the Oligozoospermic participants, the most frequent deletions detected were in the AZFa region (N = 10 out of 14) and was significantly associated with Oligozoospermic phenotype, Fisher's Exact Test (2-sided) p = 0.009. Among the Azoospermic patients, the deletion of the AZFc region was the most frequent (N = 9 out of 16) and was significantly associated with Azoospermia phenotype Fisher's Exact Test p = 0.026. There was a significant difference in Y chromosome microdeletion frequency between the two groups. The hormonal analysis showed that the mean levels of PRL, LH, and FSH in Azoospermic patients were slightly higher than those in oligozoospermic. A weak negative correlation between prolactin higher level and Azoospermic patients was detected. (AZFa r = 0.665 and 0.602, p = 0.000 and 0.0004, AZFb r = 0.636 and 0.409, p = 0.000 and 0.025, and AZFd r = 0.398 and 0.442, p = 0.029 and 0.015). The correlation was positive for AZFa and negative for AZFb and AZFd. Conclusions We concluded in this study that the incidences of microdeletions of the Y chromosome confined to AZF a, b, c and d regions is 58.8% in infertile subjects with 31.4% were Azoospermic and 27.5% were Oligozoospermic. This might provide a piece of evidence that these specified regions of the Y chromosome are essential for controlling spermatogenesis. These findings will be useful for genetic counseling within infertility clinics in Sudan and to adopt appropriate methods for assisted reproduction.

scholarly journals Impact of percutaneous embolization versus subinguinal microsurgical ligation on semen parameters in primary varicocele patients: comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haytham M. Nasser ◽  
Ahmed Hussein ◽  
Gad M. Behairy ◽  
Mostafa Abdo
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Count ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Percutaneous Embolization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Varicocele is an abnormally dilated pampiniform plexus of the veins within the spermatic cord and is considered the most common correctable cause of male factor infertility. Many approaches are described for treatment either surgical (tradition inguinal, subinguinal, and laparoscopic) or non-surgical percutaneous embolization. During the period from August 2017 to December 2018, we prospectively analyzed the preoperative and post-operative alteration of semen parameters (at 3 and 9 months) of the data collected from 63 patients with clinically evident varicocele referred to our tertiary hospital. Patients were divided into two groups: group 1, thirty-three patients who underwent subinguinal microsurgical ligation, and group 2, thirty patients who underwent percutaneous embolization. Results Sixty-three patients enrolled in this study were divided in two groups: group 1, patients who underwent surgery, and group 2, patients who underwent embolization; the mean age is 24.6 ± 1.27 years in group 1 and 23.7 ± 2 years in group 2; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups as regards BMI, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. Bilaterality was present in 15.2% of group 1 patients and 10% in group 2 patients (P value 0.06). Most of the patients were classified as grades 2 and 3 with no statistical significance regarding severity of the disease. Preoperative semen parameters for patients including sperm count, motility, and abnormal forms showed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Post-intervention semen analysis was done twice during follow-up after 3 months and 9 months from the date of intervention. After 3 months, the semen parameters were improved in both groups in spite of the higher sperm count in group 2 but with no statistical significance. After 9 months follow-up, semen analysis showed persistent increase in sperm mobility in group 1 patients in comparison to group 2 patients. Both groups had better improvement in count of normal form with no statistical significant change. Conclusion Improvement of semen parameters while treating primary varicocele by either subinguinal microsurgery approach or percutaneous embolization shows equivalent outcomes.

scholarly journals Molecular mechanisms beyond glucose transport in diabetes-related male infertility

2013 ◽  
Vol 1832 (5) ◽  
pp. 626-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.G. Alves ◽  
A.D. Martins ◽  
L. Rato ◽  
P.I. Moreira ◽  
S. Socorro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms

Screening of cervical cancer-related hub genes based on comprehensive bioinformatics analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Simei Tu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Xiaocheng Yang ◽  
Wen Wen ◽  
Kangjing Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
The Cancer Genome Atlas ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Core Genes

BACKGROUND: Since the molecular mechanisms of cervical cancer (CC) have not been completely discovered, it is of great significance to identify the hub genes and pathways of this disease to reveal the molecular mechanisms of cervical cancer. OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to identify the biological functions and prognostic value of hub genes in cervical cancer. METHODS: The gene expression data of CC patients were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The core genes were screened out by differential gene expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). R software, the STRING online tool and Cytoscape software were used to screen out the hub genes. The GEPIA public database was used to further verify the expression levels of the hub genes in normal tissues and tumour tissues and determine the disease-free survival (DFS) rates of the hub genes. The protein expression of the survival-related hub genes was identified with the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. RESULTS: A total of 64 core genes were screened, and 10 genes, including RFC5, POLE3, RAD51, RMI1, PALB2, HDAC1, MCM4, ESR1, FOS and E2F1, were identified as hub genes. Compared with that in normal tissues, RFC5, POLE3, RAD51,RMI1, PALB2, MCM4 and E2F1 were all significantly upregulated in cervical cancer, ESR1 was significantly downregulated in cervical cancer, and high RFC5 expression in CC patients was significantly related to OS. In the DFS analysis, no significant difference was observed in the expression level of RFC5 in cervical cancer patients. Finally, RFC5 protein levels verified by the HPA database were consistently upregulated with mRNA levels in CC samples. CONCLUSIONS: RFC5 may play important roles in the occurrence and prognosis of CC. It could be further explored and validated as a potential predictor and therapeutic target for CC.

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