scholarly journals Absence of anisakis nematodes in smoked farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) products on sale in European countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Pardo González ◽  
Giulia Cavazza ◽  
Andrea Gustinelli ◽  
Monica Caffara ◽  
Marialetizia Fioravanti
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Smoked Salmon ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Press Method ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Anisakid Nematodes

The increase of global demand of aquaculture products as compensation for the lowering of fishery sustainability, has shown a parallel awareness by the consumers on the importance of the safety and quality of fish products. Among these, salmon industry has reached a leading position demonstrating the negligible risk of presence of zoonotic helminths such as anisakid nematodes in farmed salmon. Despite the massive production of data in literature on parasitological surveys carried out on fresh salmon, no data are published on processed farmed salmon such as smoked products. In 2016, 270 fillets of smoked farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and 13 smoked fillets from wild sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) have been analyzed by visual inspection and UV-press method searching for the presence of anisakid nematodes. No parasites were detected in fillets from farmed Atlantic salmon, while 10 out of 13 fillets from wild salmon were positive for Anisakis simplex s.s. larvae. This first survey on the possible presence of anisakid nematodes in processed smoked salmon confirms that this risk in farmed Atlantic salmon products has to be considered negligible.

scholarly journals Monitoring the incidence of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in rivers and fisheries of the United Kingdom and Ireland: current progress and recommendations for future programmes

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1201-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan M. Walker ◽  
Malcolm C.M. Beveridge ◽  
Walter Crozier ◽  
Niall Ó Maoiléidigh ◽  
Nigel Milner
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Farming Industry

Abstract An inevitable consequence of the development of the Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., farming industry in coastal waters of the British Isles has been the loss of farmed salmon to the wild, their occurrence in inshore waters and rivers, and their appearance in coastal and freshwater fisheries. Monitoring programmes have been developed throughout the British Isles, variously using scientific sampling, catch records from coastal or freshwater fisheries or both, and scientific sampling of catches from in-river traps. We compare the results of these monitoring programmes with regional production and the numbers of escapees reported from marine fish farms. We also consider the effectiveness of the programmes for assessing the prevalence of farmed salmon that escape from marine cages. Finally, we make recommendations for improvements to these programmes and for the development of best practice, including the scientific sampling of in-river spawning stocks through fishery-independent sources, identification of fish origin based on at least two methods, assessment of the degree of incorrect classification, and the timely and accurate reporting of all escapes.

scholarly journals Relationships between the frequency of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in wild salmon populations and fish farming activity in Norway, 1989–2004

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 1182-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peder Fiske ◽  
Roar A. Lund ◽  
Lars P. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
County Level ◽  
Salmon Farming ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Catch Statistics ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In Norway, there have been restrictions on salmon farming in several fjords to reduce the potential negative impact on important stocks of wild Atlantic salmon. Little is known about the incidence of escaped farmed salmon in fisheries and broodstocks relative to the extent of fish farming in nearby areas. In this study, we analysed data on the incidence of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon in angling catches and broodstock fisheries in rivers for a 16-year period (1989–2004). These data were weighted using official catch statistics and combined at the county level, and the incidence of escapees was correlated with both the stock of farmed salmon in net pens and the reported number of escapees in different Norwegian counties. Our results indicate a significant positive correlation between the incidence of escaped farmed salmon in the rivers at the county level and the intensity of salmon farming, measured as the number of farmed salmon in net pens, suggesting that protection areas may reduce the impact of escapees in salmon populations nearby.

Large-Scale Escapes of Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) into Norwegian Rivers Threaten Natural Populations

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 426-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gausen ◽  
V. Moen
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Fish Farms ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
And Behavior

We present data on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) which show that escaped farmed salmon enter Norwegian rivers in great numbers. Escaped farmed salmon comprised a substantial proportion of the mature salmon present on the spawning grounds in autumn. A potential for large-scale genetic introgression thus exists. The sex ratios, length distributions, and times of ascent of wild and farmed salmon differed significantly, reflecting major variations in biology and behavior. High proportions of farmed salmon (> 20%) were found only in rivers having fish farms situated closer than 20 km from the outlet.

Prevalence and recurrence of escaped farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in eastern North American rivers

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2807-2826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R.J. Morris ◽  
Dylan J. Fraser ◽  
Anthony J. Heggelin ◽  
Frederick G. Whoriskey ◽  
Jonathan W. Carr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
North American ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Wild Salmon ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Comprehensive Compilation

Knowledge of the prevalence of escaped farmed fishes in the wild is an essential first step to assessing the risk resulting from interactions between farmed and wild fishes. This is especially important in eastern North America, where Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) aquaculture occurs near wild Atlantic salmon rivers and where many wild salmon populations are severely depressed. Here, we review the literature on the incidence of escaped farmed salmon in eastern North American rivers, for which there has been no comprehensive compilation to date. Escaped farmed salmon have been found in 54 of 62 (87%) rivers investigated within a 300 km radius of the aquaculture industry since 1984, including 11 rivers that contain endangered salmon populations. Averaged among all investigations, the proportional representation of farmed salmon among adults entering the rivers from the sea was 9.2% (range 0% to 100%). Where data were sufficient to examine temporal trends, farmed salmon proportions varied considerably over time, suggesting that escape events are episodic in nature. We conclude that escaped farmed salmon are sufficiently prevalent in eastern North American rivers to pose a potentially serious risk to the persistence of wild salmon populations, especially in those rivers that are adjacent to existing aquaculture sites.

Flavour and off-flavour in wild and farmed atlantic salmon from locations around northern ireland

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Farmer ◽  
J. M. McConnell ◽  
T. D. J. Hagan ◽  
D. B. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Wild Salmon ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Profiling Techniques ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

Sensory profiling techniques were used to investigate the odour and flavour of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from six sources in order to determine (i) whether there was any scientific basis for reports of off-flavours in salmon from certain sources and (ii) whether farmed and wild salmon differed in terms of flavour attributes. There were no consistent differences in odour or flavour between sea-caught wild salmon and farmed salmon. However, river-caught wild salmon showed enhanced ‘earthy’ flavour and odour; GC-odour assessment studies have indicated that 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin contribute to these attributes. For a short period, wild river salmon from one source also suffered from a manure-like off-flavour which has been shown to be due to the presence of skatole. The source of this compound remains uncertain.

A Method of Separating Offspring from Farmed and Wild Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) based on Different Ratios of Optical Isomers of Astaxanthin

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Lura ◽  
Harald Saegrov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Optical Isomers ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Spawning Success

A method of separating eggs and alevins from wild and farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) is described, using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to trace optical isomers of astaxanthin commonly occurring in the diet of both wild and farmed salmon. The proportions of isomers in eggs and alevins of farmed salmon, fed synthetic astaxanthin, differ highly from those of wild fish. The method can be used as a tool to determine the spawning success of escaped farmed female Atlantic salmon.

scholarly journals Escape history and proportion of farmed Atlantic salmon Salmo salar on the coast and in an adjacent salmon fjord in Norway

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 371-383
Author(s):  
T Aronsen ◽  
EM Ulvan ◽  
TF Næsje ◽  
P Fiske
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Wild Salmon ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

To gain more knowledge about escaped farmed salmon Salmo salar in the wild, we investigated the proportion of escapees, body length at escape, proportion escaped as smolts/post-smolts (≤300 mm) and number of winters in the wild (winter zones in the growth pattern in the scale samples) in catches on the Norwegian coast and in an adjacent fjord from 2013 to 2017. The mean proportion of escapees was higher on the coast (26%) than in the fjord (4%), and escapees caught on the coast had a slightly larger mean body length at escape (607 mm) than in the fjord (557 mm). However, the mean proportion escaped as smolts/post-smolts did not differ significantly between the coast (8%) and the fjord (11%). There was also no significant difference in the mean proportion of farmed salmon with 1 or more winter zones after escape (50% on the coast and 56% in the fjord). The proportions of escapees with 1, 2, 3 or 4 winter zones after escape were 28, 20, 2 and 0.4% in catches on the coast and 30, 21 and 4% in catches in the fjord, respectively. This study found that the proportion of escapees was considerably higher in coastal waters than in the fjord. Escapees consisted of farmed salmon from several escape events over several years, and approximately 50% of the escapees had one or more winter zones after escape. Thus, escaped farmed salmon may pose a threat to wild salmon populations for several years after the escape event.

Absence of Nematodes in Farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) in Norway

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 122-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJØRN TORE LUNESTAD
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
Enzyme Solution ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Nematode Larvae ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

In the present study, a total of 1,180 samples of muscle or viscera from Norwegian-farmed salmon (Salmo salar L.) were examined for the presence of nematode larvae. The samples represented all salmon-producing counties in Norway. The method applied was based on the degradation of fish soft tissue in an acidified pepsin enzyme solution. None of the samples examined in this study contained nematodes.

The poor potential of cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus, to act as cleaner fish in removing sea lice (Caligus elongatus) from farmed salmon in eastern Canada

1995 ◽  
Vol 52 (S1) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.M. MacKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Sea Lice ◽  
Tautogolabrus Adspersus ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Cleaner Fish ◽  
Farmed Salmon ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Fouling Organisms ◽  
Farmed Atlantic Salmon

Cunner, Tautogolabrus adspersus, were found not to be good candidates for removal of sea lice, Caligus elongatus, from farmed Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) during seapen trials conducted in Passamoquoddy Bay, N.B. In laboratory trials conducted in 30-gal (~136 L) glass tanks, using one cunner per infected salmon, a significant reduction in sea lice numbers was evident. In seapen trials using 30 cunner to 2000 Atlantic salmon, no significant reduction in sea lice numbers was evident after 12 weeks. Availability of fouling organisms on the seapen net may account, in part, for the lack of cleaning behaviour in these fish.

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