scholarly journals Field performance of an agricultural tractor fitted with rubber tracks on a low trafficable soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Molari ◽  
Michele Mattetti ◽  
Matthew Walker
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Comparative Tests ◽  
Traction Device ◽  
Tractive Efficiency ◽  
Agricultural Tractor ◽  
Engine Power

The introduction of rubber tracks on tractors has allowed more engine power per unit weight than with steel-tracked tractors, together with a reduction in soil compaction and higher on-road speeds. Recently, triangular rubber tracks able to be adapted on conventional wheeled tractors have been introduced. In this context, the goal of the paper is to evaluate the performance of a tractor with four triangular rubber tracks with respect to those of a wheeled tractor; the comparative tests consist of ploughing under on low trafficable and workable soil. The results obtained have shown a higher tractive efficiency, lower soil compaction and up to 20% lower specific fuel consumption for the fully tracked tractor. These results are in accordance with previous tests conducted with the triangular rubber tracks on highly trafficable soil, although in the present case, the dynamic traction ratio is markedly lower due to the low trafficable soil. The use of triangular rubber tracks is therefore justified on low trafficable soils and more in general on different soil conditions, since the soil is less compacted by such traction device.

scholarly journals Performance of an agricultural engine using blends of diesel and ethanol

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Solis Estrada ◽  
José Fernando Schlosser ◽  
Marcelo Silveira de Farias ◽  
Fabrício Azevedo Rodrigues ◽  
Alfran Tellechea Martini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Ethanol Content ◽  
Hydrous Ethanol ◽  
Agricultural Tractor ◽  
Engine Power

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated the performance of a diesel engine in an agricultural tractor, using Diesel S500 (B5) and mixture with 3% (ED3), 6% (ED6), 9% (ED9), 12% (ED12) and 15% (ED15) of hydrous ethanol. Variables evaluated were the power, torque, specific fuel consumption, torque reserve, speed reserve and elasticity index of engine. Results indicated that using B5 and ED3 the values of torque and engine power not differ, in addition, with the ED3 the fuel consumption was lower than 5.92%. Using ED12, power has reduced in 2.97%, compared with B5, while their fuel consumption had no difference. With ED15, the power was lower 6.30% and the fuel consumption increase 3.77%, both compared with B5. Torque reserve value was increased with increasing the ethanol content in B5, reducing the speed reserve and elasticity index of engine. Ethanol in Diesel S500 (B5) can be used as an alternative fuel in agricultural tractor engines without presenting high changes in the performance, since the ethanol content is at low percentages, up to 12%.

scholarly journals Air and fuel supercharge in the performance of a diesel cycle engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Silveira de Farias ◽  
José Fernando Schlosser ◽  
Alfran Tellechea Martini ◽  
Gustavo Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
Javier Solis Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Cycle ◽  
System Variables ◽  
Agricultural Tractor ◽  
Original Configuration ◽  
Engine Power

ABSTRACT: This paper aimed to evaluate the performance of a Diesel cycle engine, changing the configurations for the air and fuel supply system. Variables analyzed were torque, power, specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency in four different engine configurations (aspirated, aspirated + service, turbocharged + service and turbocharged). For that, there were dynamometer experiments by power take-off of an agricultural tractor. The experimental outline used was entirely randomized, in a bifatorial design with three repetitions. Results indicated that the engine supercharge, compared to its original configuration, provided a significant increase of torque and power. Only the addition of turbo does not caused a significant effect in the engine performance. Application of turbocharger provides an improvement in the burning of the air/fuel mixture, which favors the increase of engine power and; consequently, reduced the specific fuel consumption.

scholarly journals A Case Study for Evaluation of GUTD on Soil Compaction and Tractor Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Saadat Kamgar ◽  
Ehsan Savand Roomi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Wheel Slip ◽  
Wheel Drive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
All Speeds

<p>Machinery traffic on farm and forest caused to problems in environment and economics by Fossil fuel consumption and soil compaction. According to result of investigation, The GUTD (Gear Up and Throttle Down) method was recommended to decrease fuel consumption. But the wide range of machinery applications, soil conditions and experience of drivers or operators need to have index for ensuring the GUTD method is carried out properly. The purpose of this study was evaluation of GUTD method using MF 399 tractor on instantaneous fuel consumption and soil compaction. The tractor was equipped by sensors, a designed electronic circuit and a computer to measure and record parameters such as fuel consumption, forward speed and wheel slip. This field examination was carried out on tilled land with clay-loam soil and then data were analyzed in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Considered factors were included four speed levels (1.6, 3.2, 6.4, 12.8 km h<sup>-1</sup>), three levels of gear (first, second and third) and two levels of wheel drive (2WD and 4WD). Parameters of cone index and bulk density were used to determine soil compaction.Variations in compaction of before and after tractor passage were calculated in each plot. Statistical analysis in each speed showed that factor of gear in variations of soil compaction was significant at all speeds except 12.8 km h<sup>-1</sup> and instantaneous fuel consumption was reduced by GUTD at each of constant speed except the mentioned speed. This research showed that instantaneous fuel consumption can be considered as appropriate index for selecting the best gear and speed in terms of fuel consumption and soil compaction.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Application of Soft Computing Techniques for the Analysis of Tractive Properties of a Low-Power Agricultural Tractor under Various Soil Conditions

Complexity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Pentoś ◽  
Krzysztof Pieczarka ◽  
Krzysztof Lejman
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Soft Computing ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Vertical Load ◽  
Soft Computing Techniques ◽  
Tractive Efficiency

Considering the fuel consumption and soil compaction, optimization of the performance of tractors is crucial for modern agricultural practices. The tractive performance is influenced by many factors, making it difficult to be modeled. In this work, the traction force and tractive efficiency of a low-power tractor, as affected by soil coefficient, vertical load, horizontal deformation, soil compaction, and soil moisture, were studied. The optimal work of a tractor is a compromise between the maximum traction force and the maximum tractive efficiency. Optimizing these factors is complex and requires accurate models. To this end, the performances of soft computing approaches, including neural networks, genetic algorithms, and adaptive network fuzzy inference system, were evaluated. The optimal performance was realized by neural networks trained by backpropagation as well as backpropagation combined with a genetic algorithm, with a coefficient of determination of 0.955 for the traction force and 0.954 for the tractive efficiency. Based on models with the best accuracy, a sensitivity analysis was performed. The results showed that the traction performance is mainly influenced by the soil type; nevertheless, the vertical load and soil moisture also exhibited a relatively strong influence.

Quasi-Periodic Control Technique for Minimizing Fuel Consumption During Record Vehicle Competition

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Sulikowski ◽  
Ryszard Maronski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Optimal Control Theory ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Control Technique ◽  
Decision Variables ◽  
Aeronautical Engineering ◽  
The One ◽  
Optimal Driving ◽  
The Given ◽  
Engine Power

The problem of the optimal driving technique during the fuel economy competition is reconsidered. The vehicle is regarded as a particle moving on a trace with a variable slope angle. The fuel consumption is minimized as the vehicle covers the given distance in a given time. It is assumed that the run consists of two recurrent phases: acceleration with a full available engine power and coasting down with the engine turned off. The most fuel-efficient technique for shifting gears during acceleration is found. The decision variables are: the vehicle velocities at which the gears should be shifted, on the one hand, and the vehicle velocities when the engine should be turned on and off, on the other hand. For the data of students’ vehicle representing the Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering it has been found that such driving strategy is more effective in comparison with a constant speed strategy with the engine partly throttled, as well as a strategy resulting from optimal control theory when the engine is still active.

scholarly journals Modeling of Tractor Fuel Consumption

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2300
Author(s):  
Bronisław Andrzej Kolator
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
System A ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Adjustment System ◽  
Unit Performance ◽  
Efficiency Indicators

In this paper, the energy diagnostic of tractor performance consists in evaluating the energy (fuel consumption per hectare—dm3 ha−1) for a given agricultural operation and in combining it with working capacity, also called productivity (area productivity—ha h−1). One of the methods of solving this problem is the identification of the functioning process of the machine unit. A model of the process of the machine unit performance was developed, considering the operation of the rear linkage system of the implement with the force control adjustment system. In order to analyze the system, a mathematical model of the system function was built: tractor-implement-soil, defining the physical connections and interdependencies between the individual subsystems of the system. Based on this model, a simulation model was developed and implemented in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The Simulink package was used to test the performance of the machine set. The efficiency indicators according to the adopted criteria were calculated in the evaluation block. To evaluate the process, the technical and operational parameters of the tractor, the type and parameters of the tool, and soil properties were taken into account. The results of simulation studies obtained on a validated model are consistent with experimental data from appropriate soil conditions.

Effect of Heterogeneous Field Conditions on Corn Seeding Depth Accuracy and Uniformity

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelie M. Poncet ◽  
John P. Fulton ◽  
Timothy P. McDonald ◽  
Thorsten Knappenberger ◽  
Joey N. Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Volumetric Soil Water Content ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Unit Depth ◽  
Planter Performance ◽  
Volumetric Soil Water

Abstract. Optimization of planter performance such as uniform seeding depth is required to maximize crop yield potential. Typically, seeding depth is manually adjusted prior to planting by selecting a row-unit depth and a row-unit downforce to ensure proper seed-soil contact. Once set, row-unit depth and downforce are usually not adjusted again for a field although soil conditions may vary. Optimization of planter performance requires automated adjustments of planter settings to varying soil conditions, but development of precision technologies with such capabilities requires a better understanding of soil-planter interactions. The objective of this study was to evaluate seeding depth response to varying soil conditions between and within fields and to discuss implications for development and implementation of active planting technologies. A 6-row John Deere MaxEmerge Plus planter equipped with heavy-duty downforce springs was used to plant corn ( L.) in central Alabama during the 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Three depths (4.4, 7.0, and 9.5 cm) and three downforces (corresponding to an additional row-unit weight of 0.0, 1.1, and 1.8 kN) were selected to represent common practices. Depth and downforce were not readjusted between fields and growing seasons. Seeding depth was measured after emergence. Corn seeding depth significantly varied with heterogeneous soil conditions between and within fields and the planter failed to achieve uniform seeding depth across a field. Differences in corn seeding depth between fields and growing seasons were as high as 2.1 cm for a given depth and downforce combination. Corn seeding depth significantly co-varied with field elevation but not with volumetric soil water content. Seeding depth varied with elevation at a rate ranging from -0.1 cm/m to -0.6 cm/m. Seeding depth co-variation to field elevation account for some but not all site-specific seeding depth variability identified within each field trial. These findings provide a better understanding of site-specific seeding depth variability and issues to address for the development of site-specific planting technologies to control seeding depth accuracy and improve uniformity. Keywords: Depth control, Downforce, Planter, Precision agriculture, Seeding depth, Uniformity.

REGRESSION ANALYSES OF GRAIN YIELD OF CORN, LEVEL OF LEAF N P K AND SOIL CONDITIONS IN A LONG-TIME ROTATION EXPERIMENT ON BROOKSTON CLAY

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. DIRKS ◽  
E. F. BOLTON
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Nutrient Level ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Fertilizer Treatment ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Soil Measurements ◽  
Leaf N

Regression and covariance analysis of a 13-yr rotation experiment of corn on Brookston clay soil showed that grain yield of corn could be related to each of nine other plant and soil measurements. Soil compaction as measured by bulk density was negatively associated with the level of leaf K in the plants, as well as available soil moisture. The major part of the yield difference between fertilized continuous corn and fertilized corn following alfalfa could be accounted for by multiple regression of grain yield on leaf N and K nutrient levels, soil compaction and soil moisture. Soil compaction was not affected or modified by fertilizer treatment. Response of corn grain yield to soil conditions, moisture and plant nutrient level appears to vary with rotation and fertilizer input.

scholarly journals Rancang Bangun dan Pengujian Penghalang Heliks sebagai Pencampur Udara-Biogas pada Motor Otto

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Herbert Hasudungan Siahaan ◽  
Armansyah H Tambunan ◽  
Desrial ◽  
Soni Solistia Wirawan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Reaction ◽  
Otto Cycle ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Engine Power

A helical barrier as air-biogas mixing device was designed and tested for direct use of biogas from digester in otto cycle generator set. Homogeneity of the air-fuel mixture can give better combustion reaction and increase engine power. The design was based on simulation, which shows that a 0.039 m length of helical barrier gave a 5% increase in power compared to non-helical barrier. Likewise, the simulations also showed that the helical barrier reduced specific fuel consumption (SFC) by 8%. Accordingly, the mixer with helical barrier was designed, and fabricated. Its performance test confirms the improvement resulted by using helical barriers as air-biogas mixer in the engine. The experiment showed that the power increased by 5% when using helical barrier, while SFC decreased by 4.5%. It is concluded that the helical barrier can increase the homogeneity of the mixture resulting in better engine performance. Besides, emissions produced from the engine using a helical barrier also decreased.

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