scholarly journals Migraine headache in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Sina ◽  
Saeed Razmeh ◽  
Neda Habibzadeh ◽  
Arefeh Zavari ◽  
Mona Nabovvati
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Migraine Headache ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence

Migraine is a neurological disorder that afflicts many people in the world and can cause severe disability during the attacks. The pathophysiology of migraine is complex and not fully understood. It seems that migraine is common in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). However, the association between migraine headache and IIH is still unclear. The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of migraine headache and associated factors in IIH patients. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 68 patients diagnosed with IIH underwent a medical history interview and a neurological examination. The diagnosis of migraine was based on the four diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition. Forty-five patients (63.2%) met the diagnostic criteria of migraine headache. There was no significant difference between patients with and without migraine headache in respect of their age, gender, body mass. This study revealed high prevalence of migraine headache in IIH patients; appropriate treatment can reduce their headache and prevent unnecessary treatments for IIH.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF OTOLARYNGOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 780-782
Author(s):  
Annie Susan Thomas ◽  
◽  
Ariel Hannah Philip ◽  
Philip Oommen ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Temporomandibular Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Muscular Disorder ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Ear Symptoms ◽  
Research Diagnostic Criteria

Aim:To investigate the prevalence of otolaryngological symptoms with Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) in TMD patients. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, the sample consisted of 172 TMD patients, both males and females of 18-59 years. Diagnosis of TMD was based on Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (RDC-TMD) Axis 1. The prevalence of otolaryngological symptoms was determined using questionnaire. Results: Of the 172 TMD patients evaluated, 81 patients were having Muscular disorder alone or combined with Intracapsular disorder. Out of the 81 patients having muscular disorder, 74 had ear symptoms (91.4%). Conclusion: A high prevalence (91.4%) of Otolaryngological symptoms with TMD was found in the present study. Ruling out causes of ear symptoms other than TMD by an ENT specialist is essential before proceeding with the treatment of these category of patients for a better prognosis.

Keratoconus staging by decades: a baseline ABCD classification of 1000 patients in the Homburg Keratoconus Center

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-316789
Author(s):  
Elias Flockerzi ◽  
Kassandra Xanthopoulou ◽  
Susanne Christiane Goebels ◽  
Elena Zemova ◽  
Sonia Razafimino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Matched Pairs ◽  
Corneal Curvature ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Stage Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Advanced Stages

BackgroundThis retrospective cross-sectional study aims to analyse the keratoconus (KC) stage distribution at different ages within the Homburg Keratoconus Center (HKC).Methods1917 corneae (1000 patients) were allocated to decades of age, classified according to Belin’s ABCD KC grading system and the stage distribution was analysed.Results73 per cent (n=728) of the patients were males, 27% (n=272) were females. The highest KC prevalence occurred between 21 and 30 years (n=585 corneae, 294 patients). Regarding anterior (A) and posterior (B) curvature, the frequency of A was significantly higher than B in all age groups for stage 0, 1 and 2 (A0>B0; A1>B1; A2>B2; p<0.03, Wilcoxon matched-pairs test). There was no significant difference between the number of A3 and B3, but significantly more corneae were classified as B4 than A4 in all age groups (p<0.02). The most frequent A|B combinations were A4|B4 (n=451), A0|B0 (n=311), A2|B4 (n=242), A2|B2 (n=189) and A1|B2 (n=154). Concerning thinnest pachymetry (C), most corneae in all age groups were classified as C0>C1>C2>C3>C4 (p<0.04, Wilcoxon matched-pairs test). For the best distance visual acuity (D), a significantly higher number of corneae were classified as D1 compared to D0 (p<0.008; D1>D0>D2>D3>D4).ConclusionThe stage distributions in all age groups were similar. Early KC rather becomes manifest in the posterior than the anterior corneal curvature whereas advanced stages of posterior corneal curvature coincide with early and advanced stages of anterior corneal curvature. Thus, this study emphasises the necessity of posterior corneal surface assessment in KC as enabled by the ABCD grading system.

Effects of nomophobia on anxiety, stress and depression among Saudi medical students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nusrat Bano ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Khan ◽  
Uzma Asif ◽  
Jennifer de Beer ◽  
Hawazen Rawass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Severe Anxiety ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Objective: To assess the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress in medical students, and to analyse effects of demographics and nomophobia on depression, anxiety and stress. Method: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from April 1 to May 23, 2019, and comprised male and female medical students aged 19-25 years. Data was collected using a demographic information form, the 21-item depression, anxiety and stress scale and the 20-item nomophobia questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Results: Of the 230 students, 108(47%) were boys and 122 (53%) were girls. The overall mean age was 21.93+1.80 years. Anxiety, depression and stress was reported in 168 (74.6%), 158 (70.2%) and 127 (55.9%) of the students. Extremely severe anxiety, depression and stress were self-reported by 92 (40.9%), 38 (16.8%) and 16 (7.04%) students. There was a significant difference in the distribution of subjects within different levels of anxiety across gender (p<0.05).  Higher anxiety and stress scores were observed in 78 (33.9%) students with severe nomophobia. Differences in the levels of anxiety and stress with regards to type of residence and nomophobia levels were significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was high prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress associated with gender, nomophobia levels and residence type. Key Words: Depression, Anxiety, Stress, Medical, Nomophobia.

The Frequency of Using Herbal Medicines Among Patients With Hypertension in Kerman, Iran, 2012-2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haleh Tajadini ◽  
Kouros Divsalar ◽  
Mitra Mehrabani ◽  
Ali Akbar Haghdoost ◽  
Zahra Esmaili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Medical Plants

Introduction. The use of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Given the increasing rate of hypertension and medical plants usage by these patients and considering drug interactions due to concomitant use with drugs, the present study aims to evaluate the rate of medicinal plants usage in hypertensive patients. Methods. This is a cross-sectional study (descriptive–analytical) in which 650 hypertensive patients referring to the subspecialty clinic of Kerman were questioned about medicinal plants usage by a medicinal plants questionnaire. Among these patients, there were 612 who consented to participate. After the variables were described, the data were finally analyzed using Stata 12. Results. The average age of those using these drugs in the past year was 58.8 ± 10 years. Of the total number of participants using medicinal plants, there were 58 males (23.5%) and 122 females (33.4%). There were 129 participants (72.5%) using medicinal plants through self-administration, 17 participants (9.5%) on experienced users’ advice, 16 participants (9%) as administered by herbalists, and 11 participants (6%) as administered by doctors. However, the most important resources for using a drug that prevents hypertension were family and friends (74 participants; 41.5%) and doctors (13 participants; 7.3%). According to the results, there was no significant difference between the level of education and medicinal plants usage ( P = .95); however, there was a significant difference between gender and medicinal plants usage ( P = .009). Discussion. According to the results indicating the relatively high prevalence of medicinal plants usage and their arbitrary use by hypertensive patients without consulting a specialist, it seems necessary to plan for more effective and secure public education and train people to provide herbal drug services for various diseases with hypertension being the most common one.

scholarly journals The patients’ perspective on the burden of idiopathic intracranial hypertension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Witry ◽  
Christine Kindler ◽  
Johannes Weller ◽  
Andreas Linder ◽  
Ullrich Wüllner
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Increased Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Opening Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients Perspective ◽  
Visual Disturbances

Abstract Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased intracranial pressure without evidence of a tumor or any other underlying cause. Headache and visual disturbances are frequent complaints of IIH patients, but little is known about other symptoms. In this study, we evaluated the patients’ perspective on the burden of IIH. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we developed an online survey for patients with IIH containing standardized evaluations of headache (HIT-6), sleep (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance Scale) and depression (MDI) in relation to BMI, lumbar puncture opening pressure (LP OP) and treatment. Results: Between December 2019 and February 2020, 306 patients completed the survey. 285 (93%) were female, mean age was 36.6 years (± 10.8), mean BMI 34.2 (± 7.3) and mean LP OP at diagnosis was 37.8 cmH2O (± 9.5). 219 (72%) of the participants were obese (BMI ≥ 30); 251 (82%) reported severe impacting headaches, 140 (46%) were suffering from sleep disturbances and 169 (56%) from depression. Higher MDI scores correlated with higher BMI and increased sleep disturbances. Patients with a normalized LP opening pressure reported less headaches, less sleep disturbances and less depression than those with a constantly elevated opening pressure. Conclusion: In addition to headaches and visual disturbances, sleep disturbances and depression are frequent symptoms in IIH and contribute to the patients’ burden. Structured questionnaires can help to identify IIH patients’ needs and can lead to personalized and better treatment.

Impostorism among the undergraduate students of Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Shahjalal ◽  
Ahmed Hossain ◽  
Most Fatematujjuhora ◽  
Arifa Sultana ◽  
Shatabdee Hawlader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Imposter Phenomenon ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The University

Abstract Background Imposter Phenomenon (IP) is a highly prevalent behavioural health issue affecting individual professional performance and regular activity. The current study focused on evaluating IP prevalence and assessing the factor contributing to IP among undergraduate students of Dhaka city. This was an analytical cross-sectional survey performed among undergraduate students between August to December 2020. The Young Imposter Scale (YIS) was used to determine the dichotomous assessment for the presence or absence of IP. Results Among the recruited 1,139 students, 378 (33%) had imposter syndrome. The prevalence was relatively higher (34%) among males compared to females (32%). Around one third (31.6%) reported that they face problems in sleeping. Our analysis shows that the sleeping problem of the student (p=<0.01) and academic year (p=0.04) had a statistically significant association with IP. Students who completed two academic years were more likely to have IP (AOR:1.18; 95% CI: 1.01-1.41). There was a statistically significant difference in the experience of IP across who had a sleeping problem than those who didn’t (AOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.25-1.90). Conclusion Our study revealed a relatively high prevalence of IP among undergraduate students, affecting their professional lives. Awareness-raising programmes should be arranged at the university level to help students to cope up with IP.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular characteristics ofStaphylococcus aureusand methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin slaughterhouse pig-related workers and control workers in Guangdong Province, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. L. WANG ◽  
L. LI ◽  
S. M. LI ◽  
J. Y. HUANG ◽  
Y. P. FAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYPig farmers and veterinarians have high prevalence of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) due to the occupational livestock exposure, while few reported this association on slaughterhouse workers. We conducted this cross-sectional study to explore the phenotypic and molecular characteristics ofS. aureusand MRSA in slaughterhouse pig-related workers and control workers in Guangdong Province, China. Participants were interviewed and provided two nasal swabs. Swabs were tested forS. aureus, and isolates were further tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, virulence genes and multi-locus sequence typing. Compared with control workers, pig-related workers have significantly higher prevalence of MRSA carriage (adjusted odd ratio (aOR) 3·70, 95% CI 1·63–8·40). The proportions of MRSA resistant to clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline or chloromycetin were significantly higher in pig-related workers than in control workers. The predominant phenotypes ofS. aureuswere resistant to penicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin and tetracycline. Three MRSA CC9 isolates with livestock-associated characteristics (resistance to tetracycline and absence of immune evasion cluster (IEC) genes) were detected in pig-related workers but not in control workers. For human-associated CCs (CC7, CC59, CC6, and CC188), there was no significant difference in IEC profile or antimicrobial resistance between the groups. These findings reveal that there may be a potential risk for livestock-to-human transmission of LA-MRSA and human-to-human transmission of human-associated MRSA.

scholarly journals The Occurence of Gastrointestinal Helminths in Slaughtered Cattle in Azare,North-East Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Umar ◽  
Bashir Mohammed Abubakar ◽  
Haladu Ali Gagman ◽  
Abubakar Sadiq Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North East ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Fasciola Spp

A Cross-sectional Study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal (G.I.)  helminths parasites in slaughtered cattle at Azare abattoir, Katagum Local Government Area, Bauchi State, North-Eastern Nigeria. One hundred and twenty faecal samples were examined using the floatation and sedimentation method. Out of the total samples tested, G.I. helminths infections were detected in 62samples tested, giving an overall prevalence of 51.6%. Class nematodes are the most diverse class (56.5%) and then followed by trematodes (35.5%), while cestodes are the least prevalent (8.1%). There was a statistically significant difference in P-value >0.05.  The sex revealed that males (52.6%) are more susceptible to G.I. helminths infection than females (50.0%) even though there is no statistical difference at P-value >0.05. However, the prevalence of G.I. helminths to age revealed a statistical difference at P-value >0.05, where the young have the highest prevalence of 59.5%.  The Red Bororo breeds had the highest prevalence of 75%, while the least was recorded in White Fulani and Sokoto Gudali, 40% each. There was a statistically significant difference at P-value >0.05. This study revealed that Fasciola spp (15%) is the most prevalent G.I. helminths parasites detected, followed by Oesophagostomum spp (11.7%); Haemonchus spp (9.2%); Strongyloides spp (8.3%), Schistosoma spp (3.3%); and Moniezia spp (1.67%). Our findings from the present study revealed a high prevalence of G.I. helminths species affecting cattle in Azare and Nigeria as a whole. Therefore, there is a great need for proper advocacy on the need for appropriate management, regular deworming practices, and improved cattle hygiene to boost animal production. This will help in curbing great lost to Nigeria's economy and the world in general.

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