scholarly journals A brief literature review on the management of post-haemorrhoidectomy pain

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Mohsin Uzzaman ◽  
Muhammed Rafay Sameem Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Symptomatic Control

The most commonly encountered complication after haemorrhoidectomy is post-operative pain. Relief of this pain may aid earlier recovery. A literature search was performed examining the different surgical and medical agents for the relief of post haemorrhoidectomy pain using Pubmed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane library databases. Pain can be relieved by surgical or medical agents. Surgery incorporates a risk of incontinence. A number of studies examine the role of medical agents.A variety of surgical techniques and medical agents are available to the clinician in the treatment of post haemorrhoidectomy pain. Tailored management to individual patients should ensure appropriate symptomatic control and prompt recovery.

scholarly journals 303 What goes bump in the night? A literature review and noise exposure experiment in a UK paediatric emergency department

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (12) ◽  
pp. 841.1-841
Author(s):  
Lucy Hall ◽  
Sophie Dando ◽  
Anthony Hanks
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Paediatric Emergency Department ◽  
Paediatric Emergency ◽  
Sound Levels ◽  
Exposure Experiment

Aims/Objectives/BackgroundIn the Emergency department (ED), noise is a frequent and often unavoidable consequence of work undertaken and levels can often be raised during the day and night. Raised ambient noise levels have potential implications for the workforce, patients and relatives.Investigation into the problem of noise levels in the ED follows feedback from a young patient who couldn’t sleep during a prolonged stay. His complaint focused on loud, irregular banging noises such as those from closing bins that kept him awake.The team felt work should be done to see if it was a wider spread problem or just isolated to his case. A simple sound recording experiment and literature search was conducted.Methods/DesignThe literature search was conducted using electronic/online databases (Medline; Cochrane library) with a fixed date range and specific inclusion criteria.The noise exposure experiment was conducted using a verified phone app to record the sound levels. They were measured at 3 times, during a night shift, in the paediatric emergency department of UHW. All measurements were at a fixed distance and were averaged and compared with WHO recommendations.Results/ConclusionsThere are many sources of noise pollution in the ED, some are unavoidable for safety and clinical reasons.The literature review produced a small number of papers all of which found that sound levels were raised above recommended levels. Similarly, all the sounds measured in the ED also exceeded the recommendations.The most consistent finding across the papers, matched by findings from recordings, was that human behavioural modification is an easy and effective way to reduce noise levels.There are simple steps that can be taken to reduce and eliminate soundsRaising awareness regarding this problem is of great importance and focussing future work on assessing the impact in younger patients within the Emergency Department is paramount.

Patients and carers as teachers in psychiatric education: a literature review and discussion

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Miller ◽  
V. Pradeep ◽  
M. Mohamad ◽  
Z. Izmeth ◽  
M. T. P. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
User Involvement ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Psychiatric Education ◽  
Service User Involvement ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
The United Kingdom

IntroductionThe direct involvement of patients and carers in psychiatric education is driven by policy in the United Kingdom and Ireland. The benefits of this involvement are well known, however, it is important to consider the ethical aspects. This paper suggests how further research could explore and potentially mitigate adverse outcomes.MethodA literature search evaluating the role of patients and carer involvement in psychiatric education was undertaken to summarise existing evidence relating to the following: methods of involvement, evidence of usefulness, patient’s/carer’s views and learners’ views.ResultsThe Medline search produced 231 articles of which 31 were included in the literature review based on the key themes addressed in the paper.Discussion/conclusionThe available evidence is generally positive regarding the use of patients and carers in psychiatric education. However, available research is varied in approach and outcome with little information on the ethical consequences. More research is required to inform policies on teaching regarding potential adverse effects of service user involvement.

scholarly journals Paramedic patient advocacy: a review and discussion

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Batt ◽  
Gerard Ward ◽  
Joseph Acker
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professional ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Patient Advocacy ◽  
Potential Barriers ◽  
Or Practice

Introduction: Patient advocacy is an often encountered term, but one for which no consistent definition exists. Advocacy is a new and developing role of the paramedic that is closely linked to the developing professionalism of paramedicine, along with the expanding role of the paramedic as a healthcare professional in the community. This role however requires exploration and clarification. Methods: A literature search was performed of multiple databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and prominent paramedic journals. Results: No published literature investigating the theory or practice of paramedic patient advocacy, the potential conflicts and benefits of this role, or the perceived and actual barriers to advocacy paramedics face was discovered. Conclusion: The following literature review and discussion investigate the concept of paramedic patient advocacy, the contexts in which advocacy may take place, potential barriers, benefits and conflicts. Proposals are also included for areas requiring further research.

scholarly journals Consensus on the Application of Lung Ultrasound in Pneumonia and Bronchiolitis in Children

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 935
Author(s):  
Joanna Jaworska ◽  
Anna Komorowska-Piotrowska ◽  
Andrzej Pomiećko ◽  
Jakub Wiśniewski ◽  
Mariusz Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Lung Ultrasound ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
On Line

This evidence-based consensus aims to establish the role of point-of-care lung ultrasound in the management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in paediatric patients. A panel of thirteen experts form five Polish tertiary pediatric centres was involved in the development of this document. The literature search was done in PubMed database. Statements were established based on a review of full-text articles published in English up to December 2019. The development of this consensus was conducted according to the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations)—adopted and Delphi method. Initially, 22 proposed statements were debated over 3 rounds of on-line discussion and anonymous voting sessions. A total of 17 statements were agreed upon, including four statements referring to general issues, nine referring to pneumonia and four to bronchiolitis. For five statements experts did not achieve an agreement. The evidence supporting each statement was evaluated to assess the strength of each statement. Overall, eight statements were rated strong, five statements moderate, and four statements weak. For each statement, experts provided their comments based on the literature review and their own experience. This consensus is the first to establish the role of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children as an evidence-based method of imaging.

scholarly journals AN OVERVIEW OF AUTOIMMUNITY IN IMPLANTATION FAILURE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-783
Author(s):  
Vladyslav O. Berestoviy ◽  
Ahmad A. Mahmood ◽  
Oleg O. Berestoviy ◽  
Valentyna G. Ginzburg ◽  
Dmytro O. Govsieiev
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Review Process ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Pathological State ◽  
Implantation Failure ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Medical University

The aim: This review was aimed to understand the role of different types of autoantibodies like antiphospholipid, antithyroid, antisperm, antinuclear, anti-ovarian autoantibodies and heat shock protein HSP 60 in the process of implantation in the normal way of conceiving and IVF and also to estimate that how the presence of these autoantibodies affect the normal pregnancy outcome. Materials and methods: This review process performed in the obstetrics and gynaecology postgraduate department, Bogomolets national medical university, Kyiv, Ukraine. It was a review of already published papers not to need the ethical board committee's approval. By following the literature review guidelines, this paper was written and searched for relevant studies regarding autoantibodies and implantation, published in medical literature till 2020 were included in this review process. The search is done for studies published till 2020 in the English language from the Medline database, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane library database. Conclusions: Our recent work found that the involvement of APA, ANA and/or ATA in recipients of oocyte donations did not affect their pregnancy outcomes. Some researchers did not give any clear conclusion about these risks, and some stated that the use of some immunodepressant agents could be useful to reduce the harmful effects of these autoantibodies associated with implantation failure. Each autoantibody has a different mechanism of action to create the pathological state, some have direct effect, and some indirectly impact implantation. In future, further high-quality studies need to be performed for better understanding.

Role of anti-oxidant (vitamin-C) in post-operative pain relief in foot and ankle trauma surgery: A prospective randomized trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar Jain ◽  
Mohammad Yahya Dar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Arun Yadav ◽  
Stephen R. Kearns
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Prospective Randomized Trial ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Ankle Trauma

scholarly journals Role of Dexamethasone on Reducing Post Tonsillectomy Morbidities

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Yasmin ◽  
Zamir Hossain Khan ◽  
SM Shafiqul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Poor Oral Intake ◽  
Induction Of Anaesthesia

Pain, nausea, vomiting, oedema and poor oral intake are the most common morbidities after general anesthesia and surgery like tonsillectomy. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg) at induction of anaesthesia on post tonsillectomy morbidities. In this prospective randomized double blind study, sixty children of age between 8-12 years, ASA I & II undergoing tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia were randomly assigned into two equal groups of 30 each. They received dexamethasone IV or saline (control) following induction of anaesthesia. Both anesthetic and surgical techniques were standardized. Post operative pain was assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS). Inj. Tramadol 1mg/kg in first 6 hrs and oral paracetamol 10mg/kg in next 24 hrs were administered as rescue analgesic. Incidence of nausea, vomiting, time and quantity of first oral intake were also noted. Patients receiving dexamethasone experienced significantly less pain, nausea and vomiting than control group throughout 24 hrs. Lesser patients required rescue analgesics (23.33% vs. 46.67%) in first 6 hrs. So, it is found that, single intravenous dose of dexamethasone (0.15mg/kg) provided significant analgesia, reduced nausea, vomiting and improved quality of oral intake in paediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy.   Journal of BSA, Vol. 20, No. 1, January 2007 p.13-17

scholarly journals Treatment of temporomandibular joint luxation: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene Abrahamsson ◽  
Lars Eriksson ◽  
Peter Abrahamsson ◽  
Birgitta Häggman-Henrikson
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Intermaxillary Fixation ◽  
Autologous Blood Injection ◽  
Blood Injection

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of surgical and nonsurgical treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) luxation. Materials and methods This systematic literature review searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to identify randomized controlled trials on TMJ luxation treatment published between the inception of each database and 26 March 2018. Results Two authors assessed 113 unique abstracts according to the inclusion criteria and read nine articles in full text. Eight articles comprising 338 patients met the inclusion criteria, but none of these evaluated surgical techniques. Three studies including 185 patients concerned acute treatment with manual reduction of luxation while five studies including 153 patients evaluated minimally invasive methods with injection of autologous blood or dextrose prolotherapy for recurrent TMJ luxation. These studies reported that mouth opening after treatment was reduced and that independent of type of injection, recurrences of TMJ luxation were rare in most patients. Conclusions In the absence of randomized studies on surgical techniques, autologous blood injection in the superior joint space and pericapsular tissues with intermaxillary fixation seems to be the treatment for recurrent TMJ luxation that at present has the best scientific support. Well-designed studies on surgical techniques with sufficient numbers of patients, long-term follow-ups, and patient experience assessment are needed for selection of the optimal surgical treatment methods. Clinical relevance Autologous blood injection combined with intermaxillary fixation can be recommended for patients with recurrence of TMJ luxation.

scholarly journals Timing of diuretics in diuresis renography

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Karin Bäck ◽  
Christos Savvopoulos ◽  
Håkan Geijer
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Systematic Literature Search ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Review Question ◽  
Diuresis Renography ◽  
The One ◽  
Time Point

Abstract Purpose The aim of this systematic literature review was to obtain an overview of when to administer the diuretics in relation to the radiopharmaceutical during a diuresis renography. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in three different databases (Embase, PubMed/Medline and Cochrane Library) together with an information specialist. The review question was: when should diuretics be administered in relation to the radiopharmaceutical in a diuresis renography? Studies of adults were included together with guidelines published in collaboration with an organization. Results Seventeen articles and four guidelines were retrieved in the literature search. The F − 15 method (diuretics administered 15 min before the radiopharmaceutical) was the one that was studied and described most and was compared with other time points for diuretic administration. The retrieved articles and guidelines report of advantages with different time points for diuretics. Both F − 15 and F + 0 are reported to clarify washout in equivocal cases compared to F + 20. Conclusion No consensus could be found for a preferred time point of diuretics administration during a diuresis renography.

scholarly journals Comparison between lateral sphincterometry and Lord’s operation in treatment of anal fissure

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1356
Author(s):  
Yogesh V. Velani ◽  
Attman P. Velani
Keyword(s):  
Pain Score ◽  
Anal Fissure ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Bleeding Per Rectum

Background: Two widely performed surgeries include Lord’s anal dilatation (LAD) and lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS). LAD is one of the ancient and simple surgical techniques, but with high incidence of recurrence and incontinences. LIS is the preferred surgical technique these days, but again with high incidence of incontinence. Aim of this study was done to compare LAD with LIS in the treatment of anal fissure with regard to symptoms, post-operative complications and recurrence.Methods: In the present study the age of patient was to be between 18–50 years, having CAF, all the patients having CAF not responded to the medical management for more than 6 weeks. The patients were randomly assigned to either group. Pre and post-operative pain was accessed using Wong-baker faces pain rating scale. Constipation was accessed by modified Longo score. Incontinence was accessed by scoring system reported by Wexner.Results: When the Wong Bakers faces pain score was done there were 69% of patients with grade IV score and 31% had grade V pain score. The second most presenting complaint was of bleeding per rectum, it was found in 80% of the patients. For constipation the preoperative modified Longo score was 14. On examination sentinel tag was present in all the cases out of which 93% was posterior, 5% anterior and multiple in 2% cases.Conclusions: A total of 200 patients were studied during the study. In this study, females were commonly affected than males. Constipation was the major predisposing factor among all cases 85%. Most of the fissures were located in the posterior midline 89%. Anterior fissures were slightly more common in females. It is our view that the role of pharmacological agents is likely to assume greater prominence in the future and that more effective agents and modes of delivery will be developed.

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