scholarly journals Incidence, severity and management of cancer chemotherapy related oral mucositis in Eastern Cape and Western Cape

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna E. Maree ◽  
Margaretha J. Combrink ◽  
Tanya De Lange ◽  
Andrea S. Toerien ◽  
Minette Bedeker
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Orale Mukositis ◽  
Experienced Pain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Pain Patients ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This study explored the incidence, duration and severity of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy in the Eastern and Western Cape, how this symptom was managed and whether the patients considered the management to be effective. An exploratory, contextual, quantitative survey was conducted. The sampling method was convenience. One hundred and sixty patients were recruited, with 106, (66.3%) participating. Data were collected by means of self-reports, using a self-administered questionnaire. Oral mucositis was a common problem, with 71.7% (n = 76) reporting to have had mucositis. Pain was not effectively managed, as 69.8% (n = 53) of respondents experienced pain whilst only 17.1% (n = 13) reported to have used analgesics. More than half of the respondents used prescribed mouth and throat preparations, whilst 28.9% (n = 22) used non-prescribed self-care measures including potentially harmful products. A significant difference was found between using non-prescribed self-care measures and the duration of oral mucositis (χ² = 0.81; p = 0.01). The reported grade of mucositis did not influence the use of non-prescribed self-care measures, whilst the more pain patients experienced the less inclined they were to use these measures. The management of oral mucositis remains a challenge. Failure to palliate this distressing symptom can lead to the use of potentially harmful self-care measures. Die studie het die insidensie, tydsduur en intensiteit van orale mukositis in Oos en Wes Kaapse pasiënte wat kankerchemoterapie ontvang verken asook hoe hierdie simptoom hanteer is en die sukses hiervan volgens die pasiënte. ‘n Kwantitatiewe, ekploratiewe, kontekstuele opname is onderneem. ‘n Gerieflikheidsteekproef is gebruik om die deelnemers te verkry. Een hondered en sestig persone is genader en 66.3% (n = 106) het aan die studie deelgeneem. Die datainsamelingsmetode was self-rapportering met behulp van ’n vraelys en beskrywende statistiek is gebruik om die data te verwerk. Orale mukositis was ’n algemene probleem, aangesien 71.7% (n = 76) van die respondente die simptoom ondervind het. Pyn was nie goed beheer nie, aangesien 69.8% (n = 53) pyn ondervind het terwyl slegs 17.1% (n = 13) aangedui het dat hulle analgetika gebruik het. Meer as die helfte van die respondente het voorgeskrewe mond en keel preparate gebruik, terwyl 28.9% (n = 22) self gemedikeer het wat potensiële nadelige preparate ingesluit het. ’n Beduidende verskil is tussen die gebruik van nie voorgeskrewe medikasie en die duur van mukositis bevind (χ² = 0.81; p = 0.01). Die graad van die mukositis het nie die gebruik van die self-medikasie beinvloed nie. Hoe meer pyn ondervind is, hoe minder was die neiging om die mukositis self te behandel. Die hantering van orale mukositis bly ’n uitdaging. Die onsuksesvolle palliasie van hierdie simptoom kan tot die gebruik van potensieel nadelige self-sorg maatreëls lei.

scholarly journals The effect of GMFCS level, age, sex, and dystonia on multi-dimensional outcomes after selective dorsal rhizotomy: prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1729-1740
Author(s):  
Conor Scott Gillespie ◽  
◽  
Alan Matthew George ◽  
Benjamin Hall ◽  
Steven Toh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
Care Quality ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy ◽  
Dorsal Rhizotomy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Age Category ◽  
Gmfcs Level

Abstract Purpose Investigate the effect of age category (1–9 years vs 10–18 years), sex, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and presence of dystonia on changes in eight function test parameters 24 months after selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR). Methods Prospective, single-center study of all children aged 3–18 years with bilateral cerebral palsy with spasticity who underwent SDR at a tertiary pediatric neurosurgery center between 2012 and 2019. A linear mixed effects model was used to assess longitudinal changes. Results From 2012 to 2019, 42 children had follow-up available at 24 months. Mean GMFM-66 scores increased after SDR (mean difference 5.1 units: 95% CI 3.05–7.13, p < 0.001). Statistically significant improvements were observed in CPQoL, PEDI Self-care and Mobility, 6MWT, Gillette, and MAS scores. There was no significant difference in the improvements seen for age category, sex, GMFCS level, and presence of dystonia for most of the parameters tested (5/8, 6/8, 5/8, and 6/8 respectively). Conclusion SDR may improve gross and fine motor function, mobility and self-care, quality of life, and overall outcome based on extensive scoring parameter testing at 24 months. Atypical patient populations may benefit from SDR if appropriately selected. Multi-center, prospective registries investigating the effect of SDR are required.

Commercial Exergaming in Home-Based Pediatric Constraint-Induced Therapy: A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 153944922098411
Author(s):  
Tien-Ni Wang ◽  
Yu-Lun Chen ◽  
Jeng-Yi Shieh ◽  
Hao-Ling Chen
Keyword(s):  
Parental Stress ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Dose Equivalent ◽  
Nintendo Wii ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Motor Outcomes ◽  
Psychosocial Benefits

Constraint-induced therapy (CIT) is highly effective yet not accessible to many families. Integrating commercial exergaming in home-based CIT may support the availability and attainability of the intervention. The study compared the effects of supplementary use of Nintendo Wii in home-based CIT with dose-equivalent conventional CIT. Eighteen children with cerebral palsy were randomly assigned to 8 weeks of CIT (CIT) or 4 weeks of CIT, followed by 4 weeks of Wii-augmented CIT (CIT-Wii). Outcome measures included the Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (Manual Dexterity), the ABILHAND-Kids, the WeeFIM (Self-Care), the Test of Playfulness, the Engagement Questionnaire, and the Parenting Stress Index–Short Form. Both groups significantly improved motor outcomes and playfulness. The CIT group demonstrated greater improvement in self-care skills, whereas parental stress decreased only in the CIT-Wii group. CIT-Wii yields no significant difference in treatment effects from conventional CIT and may provide psychosocial benefits.

Growth and movement of the South African abalone Haliotis midae: A reassessment

1995 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 583 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJQ Tarr
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Island Population ◽  
Western Coast ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The South ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Haliotis Midae

Growth rates of a number of Haliotis midae populations around the South African coast were studied by means of tagging. These populations ranged from the cool waters of the western coast to the more temperate environment of the eastern Cape. Standard von Bertalanffy growth curves were fitted and growth parameters derived. These ranged from 0.19 to 0.25 for K, the average rate at which L∞ is approached, and from 156 to 173 for L∞, the average theoretical maximum length. These indicate far higher growth rates than were previously published for this commercially fished species, and the reasons for this difference are discussed. The expectation that growth rates would be fastest in the warmer eastern Cape waters was not realized, there being no significant difference in growth between the Bird Island population on the eastern coast and the Robben Island population on the western coast. These new growth parameters indicate that H. midae in the commercial fishery grounds is attaining sexual maturity some four years earlier, and the minimum legal size some five years earlier, than previously considered. This has considerable significance for modelling studies presently underway. Movement of a small population of adult H. midae was studied over a three-year period, after which 47% of the original abalone were still present on the study site. Of these, 81.5% still occupied exactly the same position on the rocks. This indicates that H. midae that have located an optimum habitat, and that are not disturbed, tend not to move.

Psychiatric Residents' Scores on Machiavellianism

1996 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 888-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley Moore ◽  
Barry Katz
Keyword(s):  
Residency Program ◽  
Psychiatric Residents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Self Reports

For self-reports by 21 psychiatric residents on measures of Machiavellianism and Uncertainty no significant difference was noted by year in residency program, education, age, or gender.

Effects of a physical self-care support program for patients with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Suélem B. de Lorena ◽  
Angela L.B.P. Duarte ◽  
Markus Bredemeier ◽  
Vanessa M. Fernandes ◽  
Eduardo A.S. Pimentel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stretching Exercises ◽  
Care Support

BACKGROUND: The effects of stretching exercises in fibromyalgia (FM) deserves further study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a Physical Self-Care Support Program (PSCSP), with emphasis on stretching exercises, in the treatment of FM. METHODS: Forty-five women with FM were randomized to the PSCSP (n= 23) or to a control group (n= 22). The PSCSP consisted of weekly 90-minute learning sessions over 10 weeks, providing instructions on wellness, postural techniques, and active stretching exercises to be done at home. The control group was monitored through 3 medical appointments over 10 weeks and included in a waiting list. The primary outcomes were the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain, and the Sit and Reach Test (SRT) at the end of the study. RESULTS: Nineteen and 21 patients completed the trial in PSCSP and control groups, respectively. After 10 weeks, the PSCSP group showed significantly better FIQ (difference between adjusted means, -13.64, 95% CI, -21.78 to -5.49, P= 0.002) and SRT scores (7.24 cm, 3.12 to 11.37, P= 0.001) than the CONTROL group, but no significant difference in pain VAS (-1.41, -3.04 to 0.22, P= 0.088). Analysis using multiple imputation (MI) and delta-adjusted MI for missing outcomes rendered similar results. CONCLUSIONS: A PSCSP emphasizing stretching exercises significantly improved FIQ and SRT scores, and may be a helpful therapy for FM.

Does an impaired capacity for self-care impact the prevalence of social and emotional loneliness among elderly people?

2018 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Canjuga ◽  
Danica Železnik ◽  
Marijana Neuberg ◽  
Marija Božicevic ◽  
Tina Cikac
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care Assessment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of self-care on the prevalence of loneliness among elderly people living in retirement homes and older people living in their homes/communities. Design/methodology/approach The research was conducted through standardized SELSA-L assessment loneliness questionnaires and the Self Care Assessment Worksheet for self-care assessment. The results were processed using the Kruskal–Wallis test. Findings The obtained results have shown that impaired self-care ability affects the prevalence of loneliness among the elderly almost the same in both groups of participants. However, regarding the relationship between the state of health and self-care, only a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of loneliness is found in the case of the participants living in their homes, with the worst health condition affecting the poorer psychological care. Research limitations/implications It is necessary to point out the limitations of the research, primarily sample limitations and the selected design of the study. The sample consisted of two different and relatively small groups of participants which could adversely affect the representativeness of the sample and reduce the possibility of generalising the results. The next limiting factor is the age distribution the authors used in the research, where the age of the participants as a very important variable was collected by age range and not precisely which consequently resulted in inequality in subgroup sizes. Thus, the middle age (75–85) covers up to ten years, which is a huge range at an older age and can mean major differences in functional ability, and can impact the self-care assessment. Practical implications Nurses are indispensable in care for the elderly and they need to promote and encourage self-care of the elderly through health care. Elderly people living in retirement homes should be allowed to participate equally in health care in order to preserve their own autonomy and dignity. However, to benefit those who live in their homes, nurses should be connected to the local community and thus stimulate various forms of preventative (testing blood sugar levels, blood pressure and educating on the importance of preventive examinations) or recreational activities in the environment of elderly people with the goal of preserving their functional abilities. Originality/value The impact of self-care on loneliness was not sufficiently researched, and this paper contributed to understanding the complexity of loneliness phenomena among the elderly with the aim of developing a model of prevention.

scholarly journals Backstreet abortion: Women’s experiences

Curationis ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Makorah ◽  
K. Wood ◽  
R. Jewkes
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Induced Abortions ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Induce Abortion

This was a descriptive study aimed at exploring the personal experiences of women who induce abortion and the circumstances surrounding induced abortion. The study was conducted in six public hospitals in four different provinces: Baragwanath (Gauteng), Groote Schuur and Tygerberg (Western Cape), King Edward and R.K. Khan (Kwa-Zulu/Natal) and Livingstone (Eastern Cape). In-depth interviews were conducted with 25 African, Indian and Coloured women admitted to the hospitals following backstreet abortions. The study gave women the opportunity to "speak for themselves" about "why" and "how" and the context in which the unscfe induced abortions occurred

scholarly journals The genus Xiphinema in South Africa. XXVI. New information on X. bolandium, with description of the four juvenile stages (Nematoda: Longidoridae)

Koedoe ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Heyns
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
New Information ◽  
Wilderness Area ◽  
Juvenile Stages ◽  
First Time ◽  
New Distribution

A population of Xiphinema bolandium from the Baviaanskloof Wilderness Area in the Eastern Cape Province was studied, and the four juvenile stages described and figured for the first time. New distribution records are listed from several localities in the Western Cape Province, mostly from vineyards and peach orchards, as well as from fynbos.

scholarly journals Effect of designed nursing instructions on knowledge and self-care behavior among patients with chemotherapy induced neutropenia

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Asmaa Sayed Abd-Almageed ◽  
. .
Keyword(s):  
Neutropenic Patient ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Assessment Sheet ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Chemotherapy Induced Neutropenia ◽  
Dose Limiting Toxicity ◽  
Care Behavior

Background:Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) is the main dose limiting toxicity of systemic chemotherapy and it is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and treatment cost.Aim:Of the study was to evaluate effect of designed nursing instructions on knowledge and self-care behavior among patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.Research design: Pre-post research design was utilized.Setting: The study was conducted at internal Medical Oncology Department at South Egypt Cancer Institute.Sample: Sixty adult patients with chemotherapy induced neutropenia. Tools of data collection: Tool (I): Patient assessment sheet, Tool (II): Self-care behavior assessment.Results: There was a highly statistically significant difference between pre and post applying of designed nursing instructions as regard patients' level of knowledge and self- care behavior of the studied patients (p<0.01).Conclusion: The designed nursing instructions improved knowledge and self-care behavior among patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.Recommendation: Each neutropenic patient should be given a booklet including knowledge about neutropenia, importance, and how to practice standards self-care behavior. Education of patients and families are keys to prompt recognition about potentially life-threatening symptoms associated with neutropenia.  

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