scholarly journals The effect of dexamethasone and promethazine in combination with buparvaquone in the management of East Coast fever

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gwamaka ◽  
J.A. Matovelo ◽  
M.M.A. Mtambo ◽  
G.K. Mbassa ◽  
R.M. Maselle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
East Coast Fever ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Febrile Reaction ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Group I

The effects of dexamethasone and promethazine on the amelioration of pulmonary oedema in East Coast fever were investigated. The clinical effects of these drugs were further investigated when used in conjunction with the antitheilerial drug, buparvaquone. In the first experiment, 15 crossbred (Friesian x Zebu) steers were divided into four groups. With the exception of the animals in group IV, that served as a control group all the others were infected with Theileria parva sporozoites. On the second day of the febrile reaction, the steers in groups I and II were treated with dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg) and promethazine (1 mg/kg), respectively. Group III steers served as the infected untreated controls. On the fifth day of the febrile reaction the animals in groups I, II and III were infused intravenously with tattoo ink suspension and 1 h later sacrificed for post-mortem examination and tissue sampling. The clinical picture indicated that both drugs significantly mitigated dyspnoea and the post mortem examination revealed a significant reduction in morphological changes. Tattoo ink particle count reflected a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in vascular leakage in the treated animals, with promethazine being significantly (P < 0.05) more effective than dexamethasone in this respect. In the second experiment, 18 steers were infected with T. parva sporozoites, and then were randomly allotted into three groups each of which contained six animals. After the onset of ECF clinical signs, the animals in the first two groups were treated with buparvaquone in combination with either dexamethasone (group I) or promethazine (group II), and the third group was treated with buparvaquone alone. The results indicated that all the animals in groups I, II and III recovered well and no significant differences were observed in clinical disposition between the groups. Two months later, serum samples were collected from the refractory animals and demonstrated the presence of antibodies against T. parva. When the animals were subsequently artificially challenged with T. parva, none of them succumbed to clinical disease. The same T. parva stabilate stock was used in both experiments and it proved to be infective in a separate batch of steers.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Use of Acitretin in the Treatment of Nail Psoriasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2122
Author(s):  
Magdalena Krajewska-Włodarczyk ◽  
Zbigniew Żuber ◽  
Agnieszka Owczarczyk-Saczonek
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Nail Plate ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Extensor Tendon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nail Bed ◽  
Nail Psoriasis ◽  
Ultrasound Evaluation ◽  
Tendon Thickness ◽  
Retinoid Treatment

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of retinoid treatment on the morphological changes in the nail apparatus in patients with nail psoriasis. Material and methods: 41 patients aged 32 to 64 with nail psoriasis, without clinical signs of psoriatic arthritis, started on acitretin 0.6 to 0.8 mg kg b.w./d, for six months and 28 people in the control group were included in the study. Both groups had ultrasound examination of fingernails and digital extensor tendon in the distal interphalangeal joints. In psoriatic patients, US examination was conducted before starting the treatment and after six months. A total of 685 nails were examined. Results: After six months of treatment, there was a reduction in the thickness of the nail bed and nail matrix (p = 0.046 and p = 0.031, respectively). The thickness of the nail plates decreased, although it was statistically insignificant (p = 0.059) and it was higher than in the control group (p = 0.034). The reduced severity of clinical nail changes after six months of retinoid treatment did not correlate with the reduction in extensor tendon thickness in any group of patients. Conclusions: In patients with nail psoriasis, acitretin treatment resulted in a rapid decrease in the thickness of the nail bed and matrix, but it did not affect the thickness of the nail plate after six months. There was no effect of acitretin on the digital extensor tendon thickness or the increased blood supply to the tendon area. The results of the study may indicate the usefulness of ultrasound nail examinations in patients with nail psoriasis not only to assess the advancement of morphological changes and response to treatment, but also to choose the potential treatment.

↵​Haemato-biochemical and Therapeutic Studies on Ovine Babesiosis in Kashmir

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.U. Haq ◽  
N.A. Tufani ◽  
H.U. Malik ◽  
T.A. Najar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diminazene Aceturate ◽  
Group I ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Imidocarb Dipropionate ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Therapeutic Study

Background: The clinical study was designed to evaluate the haemato-biochemical changes in sheep affected with babesiosis and therapeutic regimes of various drugs used against babesiosis. Methods: A total of 24 clinically affected sheep with 6 animals in each group were selected for the haemato-biochemical and therapeutic study. The diagnosis was based on clinical manifestations, microscopic examination of blood smears and molecular confirmation of Babesia by PCR technique. For therapeutic study Group I, II, III and IV were treated with imidocarb dipropionate, imidocarb dipropionate+oxytetracycline, diminazene aceturate and diminazene aceturate+oxytetracycline, respectively. Result: The clinical signs recorded were high fever, pale mucous membranes, presence of ticks, inappetence, coffee-coloured urine and diarrhoea. The vectors identified were Haemaphysalis ticks. Hb, PCV, TEC, total protein, albumin, calcium, phosphorus and blood glucose were significantly (P less than 0.05) lower in the diseased group as compared to healthy animals while TLC, globulin and iron levels were significantly (P less than 0.05) higher compared to the healthy control group. The study revealed that the combination of imidocarb dipropionate and oxytetracycline was highly effective for ovine babesiosis.

TESTOSTERONE DECREASE AND OESTROGEN INCREASE IN MALE PATIENTS WITH OBESITY

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. Kley ◽  
H. G. Solbach ◽  
J. C. McKinnan ◽  
H. L. Krüskemper
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Patients

ABSTRACT The concentration of sex hormones and their binding in the plasma were measured in male patients (20–40 years old), who weighed 140–170 % (I), 170–200 % (II) and > 200 % (III) of their ideal weight. Correlated to body weight, there is a reduction in the total concentration of testosterone, which, in the very obese patients, amounts to 41 % (in group I: 85 % in group II: 68 % P < 0.001) of that found in an age-matched healthy control group of subjects of "normal" body weight (90–115 % of the ideal body weight; n: 20). Androstenedione values show only a trend downwards (from 0.94 to 0.72 ng/ml plasma), while the oestrogen values increase significantly; oestrone increases by a factor of 1.09 (I), 1.43 (II; P < 0.001) and 1.69 (III; P < 0.001) and oestradiol by 1.13, 1.43 P < 0.001) and 1.76 (P < 0.001), respectively. Despite the fall in testosterone there are no clinical signs of hypogonadism, as SHBG (from 5.1 ± 0.8 in the controls to 2.4 ± 0.6 ×10−8 Mol/l in the very obese patients of group III) and the protein-bound fraction of testosterone also decrease. As a result the concentration of free testosterone remains constant (120 pg/ml), except in the very obese (93 pg/ml). Because of the different affinity of the binding proteins for testosterone and oestradiol the ratio of free oestradiol: free testosterone shifts less strongly in favour of the feminizing hormone (11.1 × 10−3 in group III as compared to 4.1 × 10−3 in the controls), than is suggested by the total hormone concentrations. A disturbance in the gonadal function of the pituitary gland or the testes is not present, since the concentration of LH is normal and the testicular response to HCG in very obese patients adequate (increase of testosterone by a factor of 3.11 as compared to 2.23 in the controls). The cause of the decrease in testosterone and SHBG is unknown, while the increase of plasma oestrogens is likely to be due to the increased conversion of androgens to oestrogens in the adipose tissue, which clearly plays an important role for plasma concentrations of sex hormones in obese patients.

Ocena wpływu kwasu α-liponowego na obraz morfologiczny serca i nerki królików karmionych paszą z dodatkiem utlenionego oleju rzepakowego

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Melka
Keyword(s):  
Lipoic Acid ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Lipid Phase ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Oxidized Oil ◽  
Group I

Introduction. The peroxidation of lipids is the effect of subjecting them to the high temperature. The studies have shown that the created oxidative stress can be counteracted by strengthening the body’s antioxidative system by introducing antioxidant vitamins or non-vitamin compounds into the body. One of the best antioxidants that works in both the water and lipid phase is an α-lipoic acid. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the influence α-lipoic acid on morphological changes in heart and kidneys of rabbits exposed to oxidized or non-oxidized rapeseed oil. Material and methods. The research was carried out on 36 rabbits of the Szynszyl breed. The animals were divided into 6 groups of 6 individuals. They were given the standard diet Labofeed Kamet (DS). They were drinking water at libitum. The animals in the control group received standard Labofeed Kamet feed, in group I (DS + LA) a-lipoic acid (LA) was added to the feed at a dose of 10 mg/kg, in group II (DS + NOR) ? there was added 10% non-oxidized rapeseed oil (NOR), in group III (DS + UOR) ? 10% oxidized rapeseed oil (UOR) was given, in group IV (DS + NOR + LA) the rabbits received feed enriched with non-oxidized rapeseed oil and α-lipoic acid, and group V (DS + UOR + LA) was enriched with oxidized rapeseed oil and α-lipoic acid in the same amounts as in the each group. After the experiment was completed and the animals were euthanised, the kidneys and hearts of the rabbits were collected for histopathological evaluation. Results. A high-fat diet causes adverse changes in both examined organs. The administration of α-lipoic acid showed a preventive effect on changes observed in organs. It was fully effective in the case of exposure of rabbits to non-oxidized rapeseed oil. When exposed to an oxidized oil, persistence of changes of lesser intensity were observed than when exposed only to oxidized oil. Conclusions. Dietary supplementation with antioxidants should be considered when exposed to oxidized lipids.

scholarly journals The morphological changes in bitches endometrium affected by Cystic Endometrail Hyperplasia - Pyometra complex – the value of histopathological examination

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Woźna-Wysocka ◽  
Marta Rybska ◽  
Beata Błaszak ◽  
Bartłomiej Maria Jaśkowski ◽  
Magdalena Kulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Abstract Background: The cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex (CEH-P) is one of the most common uteropathies in bitches. In diseases with mild or obscure clinical signs and normal uterine size, a diagnosis based on a clinical assessment might be incorrect. The main aim of the research was to determine the morphological variables accompanying uterine diseases in bitches in microscopic evaluation. Consequently, the obtained results can be used to create a new classification system for uterine pathological changes during the development of the CEH-P, diagnosed by microscopic examination in bitches. Material for the study consisted of the uteri of 120 female dogs, aged 1-16 years, obtained during routine ovariohysterectomies. Macroscopic observation after a longitudinal incision of the uterine horns, allowed a preliminary classification of the uteri into research groups: control group (physiological uteri), and groups GI-III uteri collected form bitches with varying degrees of endometrial pathology. These preliminary classifications were then verified by histological analysis (H&E stain).Results: The obtained results made it possible to determine and describe the prevalence (%) of pathological changes characteristic of the analyzed uterine diseases in the examined bitches. Histopathological analyses that were conducted have confirmed preliminary macroscopic evaluation for the control group, group GII (CEH), and group GIII (pyometra). In the uteri of the GI group, a severe congestion of endometrium has been observed – this is typical of inflammation – which was not confirmed during histopathological examinations. However, these examinations revealed acute endometrial haemorrhage of varying severity.Conclusions: Early reproduction disorders in bitches are, in general, not confirmed by clinical signs in the examined animals. The results show that during classification of typical morphological changes in endometrium over the development of the CEH-P complex in bitches microscopic examinations are required. The obtained results indicate a frequent lack of consistency in the macroscopic assessment and histological analysis of the endometrium, observed in the analyzed uterine diseases, which in most cases is not followed by clinical symptoms. The presented classification of uterine diseases may be useful as a diagnostic tool in reproductive disorders in bitches and in examination in the field of basic research.

scholarly journals Comparative study of midazolam-propofol and metamizole-propofol clinical effects in domestic pigeons

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6012-2018
Author(s):  
AMIRABBAS MOUSAVI ◽  
GHOLAMREZA ABEDI ◽  
ALIREZA JAHANDIDEH ◽  
SAEED HESARAKI
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Domestic Pigeons

This study was conducted to determine the quality of anesthesia by evaluating the clinical effects of midazolam-propofol and metamizole-propofol on domestic pigeons. The aim of the study was to choose an appropriate injectable anesthetic protocol by utilizing midazolam and metamizole as pre-anesthetic drugs in order to reduce the dose of propofol and decrease side effects. Eighteen male pigeons weighing 304.2±32.3g (mean±SD) were randomly allocated to three groups of six pigeons each. Midazolam (6 mg/kg/IM) and metamizole (500 mg/kg/IM) were used five minutes prior to administration of propofol (8 mg/kg/IV) in groups I and II, respectively, while the birds in group III (control group) received metamizole (500 mg/kg/IM). Five minutes after the last injection, clinical parameters of various systems were evaluated. Nervous system parameters declined in groups I and II, while reflexes could still be elicited in group III (P&lt;0.05). There were no significant changes in the heart rate, dysrhythmia, or gastrointestinal parameters in the three groups (P&gt;0.05). The birds in group II showed reduced jaw and limb muscle tone (P&lt;0.05). Corneal and palpebral reflexes were absent in groups I and II (P&lt;0.05). Both respiratory depth and pattern were irregular in group I, while all the parameters were normal in group II (P&lt;0.05). The respiratory rate decreased in all groups after injection, although this reduction was significant only in group I (P&lt;0.05). In conclusion, the combination of metamizole-propofol is safer and more compatible with the physiology of pigeons and can be used for short operations, especially when inhalation agents are contraindicated..

scholarly journals Effects of shea oil on the histology and enzymes of the liver

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1309-1313
Author(s):  
Madu Nom Gadzama
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Liver Function Tests ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group V ◽  
Group I ◽  
Alkaline Phosphate ◽  
Do So

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of Shea oil on the histology and enzymes of liver of Albino Wistar rats. Twenty-five adult Albino Wistar rats weighing between 98.8g to 348g were randomly grouped into five groups of five rats each. Group I served as control and was given water and feed only ad libitum. Groups II, III, IV, and V were given 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, and 1500 mg/kg of Shea oil orally for the duration of 28days. Groups I-IV were sacrificed after 28days while Group V was left for additional 14 days post treatment after the rats in the group were sacrificed. Liver tissues were harvested for histopathological observations and blood samples were collected for liver function tests (Asparate aminotransferase (ASAT), Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and Alkaline phosphate (ALP)). Cell morphological changes seen under light microscopic level the rats in the control group have normal liver architecture while steatosis, fatty changes, inflammation, and necrosis where observed in the experimental groups. The hepatocytes were becoming irregular with narrowing sinusoid showing sign of recovery in group V. There was no significant effect on serum level of ASAT, ALP, total protein and urea while the change in ALAT and albumin level was significante (p>0.05). We therefore recommended that people consuming Shea oil should do so with care. Further investigations should be carried out.Keywords: Vitellaria Paradoxa, Enzymes and Liver

A Clinical Evaluation of Deproteinization and Different Cavity Designs on Resin Restoration Performance in MIH-Affected Molars: Two-Year Results

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayriye Sönmez ◽  
Sinem Saat
Keyword(s):  
Group Iv ◽  
Retention Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Molar Incisor Hypomineralization ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effects of deproteinization of the hypomineralized enamel and different cavity designs on the performance of the composite resin restorations(CRRs) placed into the cavities of MIH (molar incisor hypomineralization)-affected molars. Study design: 95 MIH-affected permanent first molars (PFMs) and 31 caries but not MIH-affected PFMs (126 teeth in total) were included in the study. The MIH-affected molars were divided into three groups. In Group I, all hypomineralized tissue was removed until healthy enamel was reached. In Group II, carious and cheesy hypomineralized tissue was removed until a reasonable resistance was detected in the hypomineralized tissue. In Group III, cavities designed as Group II, differently from this group deproteinization of the left hypomineralized tissue was performed prior to the placement of CRRs. Group IV served as the control group consisting of unaffected carious PFMs. Restorations were evaluated according to modified USPHS criteria for 24 months. Results: The retention rates were 93.7% for Group I, 80.7% for Group II, 93.5% for Group III and 100% for Group IV. The success rate for the restorations in Group II proved significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) than that of the other three groups. No significant difference in success rates was observed between Group I, Group III and Group IV (p&gt;0.05) at the end of 24 months. Conclusions: Failure of the restorations was predominant in the group that the hypomineralized tissue was left surrounding the cavities. Deproteinization of the hypomineralized enamel was found to enhance the retention rates of CRRs.

scholarly journals Morphological changes in bitches endometrium affected by cystic endometrial hyperplasia - pyometra complex – the value of histopathological examination

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Woźna-Wysocka ◽  
Marta Rybska ◽  
Beata Błaszak ◽  
Bartłomiej M. Jaśkowski ◽  
Magdalena Kulus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Microscopic Evaluation ◽  
Uterine Diseases

Abstract Background Cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex (CEH-P) is one of the most common uteropathies in bitches. In diseases with mild or obscure clinical signs and normal uterine size, a diagnosis based on a clinical assessment might be incorrect. The main aim of the research was to determine the morphological variables accompanying uterine diseases in bitches in microscopic evaluation. Consequently, the obtained results can be used to create a new classification system for uterine pathological changes during the development of the CEH-P, diagnosed by microscopic examination in bitches. Material for the study consisted of the uteri of 120 female dogs, aged 1–16 years, obtained during routine ovariohysterectomies. Macroscopic observation after a longitudinal incision of the uterine horns, allowed a preliminary classification of the uteri into research groups: control group (physiological uteri), and groups GI-III uteri collected form bitches with varying degrees of endometrial pathology. These preliminary classifications were then verified by histological analysis (H&E stain). Results The obtained results made it possible to determine and describe the prevalence (%) of pathological changes characteristic of the analyzed uterine diseases in the examined bitches. Histopathological analyses that were conducted have confirmed preliminary macroscopic evaluation for the control group, group GII (CEH), and group GIII (pyometra). In the uteri of the GI group, a severe congestion of the endometrium has been observed – this is typical of inflammation – which was not confirmed during histopathological examinations. However, these examinations revealed acute endometrial haemorrhage of varying severity. Conclusions Early reproduction disorders in bitches are, in general, not confirmed by clinical signs in the examined animals. The results show that during classification of typical morphological changes in the endometrium over the development of the CEH-P complex in bitches microscopic examinations are required. The obtained results indicate a frequent lack of consistency in the macroscopic assessment and histological analysis of the endometrium, observed in the analyzed uterine diseases, which in most cases is not followed by clinical symptoms. The presented classification of uterine diseases may be useful as a diagnostic tool in reproductive disorders in bitches and in examination in the field of basic research.

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