scholarly journals Prevalence of Theileria and Babesia species in Tunisian sheep

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed R. Rjeibi ◽  
Mohamed A. Darghouth ◽  
Mohamed Gharbi
Keyword(s):  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Infection Prevalence ◽  
Northern Tunisia ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Babesia Ovis ◽  
Babesia Spp ◽  
Theileria Spp

In this study, the prevalence of Theileria and Babesia species in sheep was assessed with Giemsastained blood smear examination and polymerase chain reaction to identify the different piroplasms in 270 sheep from three Tunisian bioclimatic zones (north, centre, and south). The overall infection prevalence by Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. in Giemsa-stained blood smears was 2.9% (8/270) and 4.8% (13/270) respectively. The molecular results showed that sheep were more often infected by Theileria ovis than Babesia ovis with an overall prevalence of 16.3% (44/270) and 7.8% (21/270) respectively (p = 0.01). The molecular prevalence by Babesia ovis was significantly higher in females than in males (p < 0.05). According to localities B. ovis was found exclusively in sheep from the centre of Tunisia (Kairouan) whereas Theileria ovis was found in all regions. Infections with T. ovis and B. ovis were confirmed by sequencing. The sequence of T. ovis in this study (accession numbers KM924442) falls into the same clade as T. ovis deposited in GenBank. The T. ovis amplicons (KM924442) showed 99%–100% identities with GenBank sequences. Moreover, comparison of the partial sequences of 18S rRNA gene of B. ovis described in this study (KP670199) revealed 99.4% similarity with B. ovis recently reported in northern Tunisia from sheep and goats. Three nucleotides were different at positions 73 (A/T), 417 (A/T), and 420 (G/T). It also had 99% identity with B. ovis from Spain, Turkey and Iraq. The results suggest a high T. ovis prevalence in Tunisia with a decreasing north-south gradient. This could be correlated to the vector tick distribution.

scholarly journals Cross-Genera PCR Amplification of DNA from Apicomplexan Parasites

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Gil de Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Apicomplexan Parasites ◽  
Diagnostic Samples ◽  
Successful Amplification ◽  
Babesia Spp ◽  
Theileria Spp

Background: The discovery of an unexpected genetic sequence raised doubts about the specificity of a primer pair targeting Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. This study aimed to check the specificity of this primer pair. Methods: Conventional end-point PCR and real-time PCR protocols using primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable region of Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. were tested for potential cross-genera amplification using DNA from a palette of parasitic protists and pathogenic bacteria as a template. These investigations took place at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (Germany) in 2010 as part of the EDEN project. Results: Successful amplification was obtained with DNA from five apicomplexan genera: Babesia, Theileria, Hepa­tozoon, Toxoplasma, and Hammondia. No amplicons were obtained when DNA from Leishmania infantum or bacte­ria within the genera Borrelia, Leptospira or Anaplasma was used as a template. Conclusion: This cross-genera amplification ability is useful for the quick exclusion of many parasite species from PCR negative diagnostic samples. Accurate species identification from PCR positive samples requires genetic se­quencing of the amplicon.

Prevalence of Haemoprotozoan Infection in Gir Cattle in and around Junagadh, Gujarat

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 46-48
Author(s):  
S B Swami ◽  
J S Patel ◽  
S H Talekar ◽  
Binod Kumar ◽  
V L Parmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Therapeutic Measures ◽  
Babesia Spp ◽  
Theileria Spp

The study was carried out on a total of 250 Gir cattle, which covered those presented to the Veterinary Clinical Complex of the College in Junagadh (Gujarat) for therapeutic measures and some from Gaushala near to Junagadh region. The animals were screened for common hemoprotozoan infection based on blood smear examination to record the prevalence rate of infection. The overall prevalence of hemoprotozoan infections recorded on the basis of microscopic examination of blood smears was 35.20 %. Out of these, 64 (25.60%) were positive for Theileria spp., 20 (8%) for Babesia spp., and 4 (1.6%) for Anaplasma spp. a highest prevalence was recorded in April (64.70%), followed by March (57.14%) and February (42.85%). The lowest prevalence was recorded in the month of December (5.88%). The highest prevalence was recorded in the summer season (40.71%), followed by rainy (34.37%) and winter season (19.56%). The highest prevalence of hemoprotozoan infection (41.86%) was recorded in Gir cattle of 3 to 8 years age group followed by 32.35% in 6 months to 3 years age group, and the lowest prevalence was recorded (24.32%) in older animals 8 years and above age group.

scholarly journals Confirmation of occurrence of Babesia vogeli in a dog in Windhoek, central Namibia

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barend L. Penzhorn ◽  
Ilse Vorster ◽  
Gernot Redecker ◽  
Marinda C. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Babesia Vogeli ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus Sensu Lato ◽  
Babesia Rossi ◽  
Haemaphysalis Elliptica ◽  
Blot Hybridisation ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Babesia Spp

Although there is evidence of high seroprevalence of antibodies to Babesia spp. in dogs in central Namibia, clinical babesiosis is rarely diagnosed. Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato, the vector of Babesia vogeli, is common in Namibia while Haemaphysalis elliptica, the vector of the highly virulent but morphologically indistinguishable Babesia rossi, has rarely been recorded, mainly in northern Namibia. On the basis of vector occurrence, clinical cases of canine babesiosis in Windhoek, central Namibia, have been ascribed to B. vogeli. DNA extracted from a blood smear made from a sick dog was subjected to the reverse line blot hybridisation assay. The polymerase chain reaction amplicons hybridised with the B. vogeli–specific probe, but not with the Babesia canis– and B. rossi–specific probes. Although attempts at cloning and sequencing of the full-length 18S rRNA gene were unsuccessful, we can confirm that B. vogeli occurs in central Namibia.

scholarly journals Evaluation on the presence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. in goats (Capra hircus) in Cebu, the Philippines

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian P. Ybañez ◽  
Orgil V. Arrabis ◽  
Dennis Justin M. Alvarez ◽  
Eloiza May S. Galon ◽  
Rhea Mae P. Jayag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Babesia Spp

Background: Tick-borne diseases are caused by a wide variety of viruses, pathogens, and diseases. Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. are among the most known tick-borne pathogens in Asia. In the Philippines, these pathogens were already reportedly present in dogs and large ruminants, but no study has been reported yet evaluating their presence in goats. Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the presence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. in goats in Cebu, the Philippines. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 blood samples from goats were collected in Cebu, the Philippines. Profile of sampled goats including age, body score, and sex was obtained. Peripheral blood smear examination and DNA extraction were performed. Nested polymerase chain reaction assay was used to evaluate the presence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. Results: None of the samples were found positive with Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. infection. Conclusion: Tested goats were negative with Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. and calls for continuous surveillance of these pathogens due to the reported detection of these pathogens in other livestock animals in the area.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Bovine Hemoprotozoa in South Korea

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 768
Author(s):  
Dongmi Kwak ◽  
Min-Goo Seo
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Theileria Orientalis ◽  
Bovine Theileriosis ◽  
Major Piroplasm Surface Protein ◽  
Theileria Spp ◽  
Epidemiological Information

Tick-borne pathogens cause economically significant diseases in cattle. Theileria spp. are parasitic protozoa and the causative agent of bovine theileriosis. Here we report the distribution and risk factors of bovine Theileria using blood samples taken between 2018 and 2019. Of 737 tested cattle, nine animals (1.2%) were positive for Theileria orientalis infection by 18S rRNA gene amplification. Further analysis of the infected samples using the T. orientalis major piroplasm surface protein (MPSP) gene revealed five different genotypes circulating in the population: Types 1, 2, 3, 7, and N3. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research to describe the existence of the T. orientalis MPSP genotype N3 in South Korea. Although the prevalence of bovine T. orientalis was low, our study offers data on the geographical distribution and prevalence of bovine Theileria spp. in South Korea. Further studies are warranted to determine the correlation of clinical symptoms with parasite MPSP genotypes. Our data provide epidemiological information to help control bovine theileriosis in South Korea.

scholarly journals Use of a Mycoplasma suis-PCR protocol for screening a population of captive peccaries (Tayassu tajacu and Tayassu pecari)

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Felipe da Costa Vieira ◽  
Marcelo Beltrão Molento ◽  
Ana Marcia Sá Guimarães ◽  
Andrea Pires dos Santos ◽  
Marcelo Bonat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Mycoplasma Suis ◽  
16S Rna ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tayassu Tajacu ◽  
Dna Pcr ◽  
Active Surveillance Program

Mycoplasma suis is a hemotropic bacteria of red blood cells and the causative agent of swine eperythrozoonosis. Diagnosis of infection may be reached by direct examination of blood smears; however, the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the 16S RNA gene of M. suis improves the sensitivity and specificity of detection. The aim of this study was to screen peccaries (Tayassu tajacu and T. pecari) for M. suis infection using a specific conventional PCR. A total of 28 blood samples from captive collared and white-lipped peccaries were collected, DNA extracted and a specific M. suis PCR assay performed. All samples were negatives by both blood smear examination and PCR testing. To verify the presence of amplifiable DNA, PCR for beta-actin gene was performed in all samples. This study was part of an active surveillance program, which is crucial for monitoring animal health status, particularly in wildlife species.

Molecular epidemiology, risk factors and hematochemical alterations induced by Theileria annulata in bovines of Punjab (India)

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashuma Tuli ◽  
Lachhman Das Singla ◽  
Amrita Sharma ◽  
Mandeep Singh Bal ◽  
Gursimran Filia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Theileria Annulata ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Tropical Theileriosis ◽  
Indigenous Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Smear Examination ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Theileria Spp

AbstractBovine tropical theileriosis, caused by Theileria annulata, is one of the economically important fatal tick borne haemoprotozoan diseases of dairy animals. The aim of present investigation was to map the distribution of T. annulata in bovines of Punjab state of India in relation to various risk factors including age, sex of animals, location and management of farms. In a cross sectional study, a total of 1278 blood samples were randomly collected from twenty districts falling in five major agro-climatic zones of Punjab. All the samples were screened by blood smear examination followed by polymerase chain reaction targeting SSU rRNA gene for Theileria spp. PCR positive samples (n = 386) for Theileria spp. were then analyzed for T. annulata by amplification of Tams1 gene. Overall prevalence of T. annulata was found to be 29.26% in Punjab, with highest in western Zone (40.49%, 95% CI = 35.57-45.41) and lowest in submountain zone (18.90%, 95% CI = 13.73-24.06). The propensity of incidence of T. annulata was found to be highest in cross bred cattle (32.40%, 95% CI = 29.87-34.94), followed by indigenous cattle (19.64%, 95% CI = 10.67-28.61) and buffaloes (19.2%, 95% CI = 14.99-23.41). Between the two sexes, incidence of T. annulata was higher in female animals. Calves less than 6 months of age were found to be more prone to theileriosis.

scholarly journals Molecular Assay Proves the Presence of Theileria annulata Infection in Camels in Al-Diwaniyah Province, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noaman N. A'aiz ◽  
Hayder N. Ayyez ◽  
Ahmed J. Neamah
Keyword(s):  
Dna Amplification ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Molecular Assay ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Molecular Investigation ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
The One ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Theileria Spp

Background: Theileria camelensis and T. dromedarii are parasitic protozoans reported by several studies as specific species that infect the one-humped camel (Camelus dromedarius). However, other findings casted significant doubts on the true identity of the causative species of theileriosis in camels. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate of T. camelensis and T. dromedarii in one humped camels in Iraq during Apr-Oct 2017. Methods: Blood samples for DNA extraction were obtained from 181 slaughtered camels. Molecular investigation was performed following the amplification of 18S rRNA gene by conventional PCR technique. DNA sequencing was then utilized only for the positive samples to confirm the infection with the Theileria species. Results: Nine (4.97%) out of 181 examined samples showed a positive result to infection with Theileria spp., and all these appeared as a T. annulata when subjected to DNA amplification and sequencing techniques. There was a complete absence of any new sequence outside the known species. Conclusion: Most of Theileria infection in camels in the study area is caused by T. annulata and no other causative agents like T. camelensis or T. dromedarii.  

First report on optimization of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for the diagnosis of Babesia felis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Awais Salim ◽  
Raheela Akhtar ◽  
Muhammad Lateef ◽  
Imran Rashid ◽  
Harron Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lamp Assay ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Effective Diagnosis

The objective of present study was to optimize loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the diagnosis of Babesia felis in cats. LAMP primers were designed recognizing four sections of 18SribosomalRNA (18S rRNA) gene of B. felis. The blood samples of cats microscopically positive for Babesia felis were further used to extract deoxyribo neuclic acid (DNA) and the reaction mixture of 25 µL was standardized at 63°C temperature for 1 hour. LAMP assay provided more positive samples than conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The prevalence of B. felis was also determined in cats using this optimized LAMP assay and it was found that the prevalence was more in younger cats as compare to adults. The application of LAMP can be helpful in rapid, reliable and cost effective diagnosis of B. felis in field.

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