Flexural strength of a composite resin light cured with different exposure modes and immersed in ethanol or distilled water media

The objective of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of two bis-acryl interim resin materials, such as color stability, flexural strength and shear bond strength to flowable composite resin, simulating clinical situations when this material has to be used for repair as add-on. Two shades of two bis-acryl interim resin materials [Structur 2 SC (shades Bleach and A2); Protemp 4 (shades A1 and A2)] were evaluated. Discs (5 x 1 mm) were fabricated and baseline color was determined after 1 h. Ten specimens were immersed at 37oC in solutions of distilled water (control) and cola-based soft drink (Coca-Cola). Color measurements were performed with a spectrophotometer using CIELab parameters. Color readings were again measured after 2 hours, 4 hours, 24 hours and 7 days. Flexural strength was determined using the three-point bending test (10 x 1 x 2 mm) on a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min) (n = 10). Discs of bis-acryl resin were embedded in acrylic resin, planned and distributed in 2 groups: G1 - Filtek Z350 Flow/Protemp4 and G2 - Grandio SO Flow/Structure 3 (n = 15). Cylinders (3.5 x 2 mm) were made with the flowable composite resins and polymerized for 20 s. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37oC for 24 h and subjected to shear bond strength test. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test ( = 0.05). ΔE values were higher for Structur Bleach (3.08)a compared with Protemp 4 (shade A1, 2.22)b (shade A2, 2.25)b. There were no significant differences between Structur Bleach and Structur A2 (2.62)ab. Coca-Cola presented higher ΔE values (3.08)a than (2.00)b. Regarding time, ΔE values increased from 1.84a after 2 h to 2.31b after 4 h. The higher values were observed after 24 h and 7 days (2.93c and 3.09d, respectively). No significant differences were observed for the flexural strength of Structur (22.05 MPa)a and Protemp 4 (19.01 MPa)a. The repairs executed with Structur/Grandio flow (9.21 MPa)a were similar to those performed with Protemp 4/Z350XT flow (10.71 MPa)a. It can be concluded that the two bis-acyl resins evaluated showed similar physical and mechanical properties.

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Effect of Carbamide Peroxide Bleaching Gel on Composite Resin Flexural Strength and Microhardness

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201302155 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 263-266 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gabriel Rodrigues Hatanaka ◽

Filipe de Oliveira Abi-Rached ◽

Antonio Alves de Almeida-Junior ◽

Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Vickers Microhardness ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Bleaching Treatment

This study investigated the effect of 16% carbamide peroxide (Whiteness Perfect/FGM) on the Vickers microhardness and flexural strength of the restorative composites Filtek Z100 (hybrid), Filtek Z350 (nanofill), Brilliant (micro-hybrid) and Opallis (micro-hybrid). Disc-shaped (4x2 mm; n=5) and bar-shaped (12x2x1 mm; n=10) specimens of each restorative material were randomly divided into 2 groups: (G1) 16 weeks stored in distilled water; (G2) 16 weeks stored in distilled water, with 16% carbamide peroxide application during 6 h per day for the last 4 weeks. The mechanical properties were evaluated using a Vickers microhardness tester and a mechanical testing machine. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's (HSD) post-hoc test (α=0.05). Filtek Z100 presented the highest microhardness value, followed by Filtek Z350 and finally by Brilliant and Opallis (p=0.00). Filtek Z100 and Brilliant exhibited the highest flexural strength value, followed by Filtek Z350 and Opallis (p=0.00). Bleaching treatment decreased significantly microhardness of Brilliant and Opallis (p=0.00). The flexural strength of all studied materials was not affected by the home bleaching (p=0.28).

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Heat treatment of a direct composite resin: influence on flexural strength

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242009000300004 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 241-247 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Caroline Lumi Miyazaki ◽

Igor Studart Medeiros ◽

Ivone Lima Santana ◽

Jivaldo do Rosário Matos ◽

Leonardo Eloy Rodrigues Filho

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Composite Resin

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Influence of Different Concentration and Ratio of a Photoinitiator System on the Properties of Experimental Resin Composites

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/0103-6440201701372 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 726-730 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Caio Vinícius Signorelli Grohmann ◽

Eveline Freitas Soares ◽

Eduardo José Carvalho Souza-Junior ◽

William Cunha Brandt ◽

Regina Maria Puppin-Rontani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Elastic Modulus ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Tertiary Amine ◽

Water Sorption ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Amine Concentration ◽

One Way Anova

Abstract The aim in this study was to evaluate the influence of different ratio of camphorquinone/tertiary amine concentration on the flexural strength (FS), elastic modulus (EM), degree of conversion (DC), yellowing (YL), water sorption (WS) and water solubility (WSL) of experimental composites. Thus, acrylate blends were prepared with different camphorquinone (CQ) and amine (DABE) concentrations and ratios by weight: (CQ/DABE%): 0.4/0.4% (C1), 0.4/0.8% (C2), 0.6/0.6% (C3), 0.6/1.2% (C4), 0.8/0.8% (C5), 0.8/1.6% (C6), 1.0/1.0% (C7), 1.0/2.0% (C8), 1.5/1.5% (C9), 1.5/3.0% (C10). For the FS and EM, rectangular specimens (7x2x1 mm, n=10) were photo-activated by single-peak LED for 20 s and tested at Instron (0.5 mm/min). Then, the same specimens were evaluated by FTIR for DC measurement. For YL, disks (5x2 mm, n=10) were prepared, light-cured for 20 s and evaluated in spectrophotometer using the b aspect of the CIEL*a*b* system. For WS and WSL, the volume of the samples was calculated (mm³). For WS and WSL, composites disks (5x0.5 mm, n=5) were prepared. After desiccation, the specimens were stored in distilled water for 7 days and again desiccated, in order to measure the WS and WSL. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (5%). The groups C8, C9 and C10 showed higher DC, EM and YL means, compared to other composites. Therefore, the FS and WS values were similar among all groups. Also, C1, C2 and C3 presented higher WSL in 7 days, compared to other composites. In general, higher concentrations of camphorquinone promoted higher physical-mechanical properties; however, inducing higher yellowing effect for the experimental composites

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Effect of light sources and curing mode techniques on sorption, solubility and biaxial flexural strength of a composite resin

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572012000200021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 246-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Andreia Assis Carvalho ◽

Francine do Couto Lima Moreira ◽

Rodrigo Borges Fonseca ◽

Carlos José Soares ◽

Eduardo Batista Franco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Light Sources ◽

Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽

Effect Of Light

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Flexural Properties and Elastic Modulus of Different Esthetic Restorative Materials: Evaluation after Exposure to Acidic Drink

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2019/5109481 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Andrea Scribante ◽

Marco Bollardi ◽

Marco Chiesa ◽

Claudio Poggio ◽

Marco Colombo

Keyword(s):

Elastic Modulus ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Testing Machine ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Resin Composites ◽

Restorative Material ◽

Universal Testing ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Acidic Beverages

Background. Acidic beverages, such as soft drinks, can produce erosion of resin composites. The purpose of the present study was to investigate mechanical properties of different esthetic restorative materials after exposure to acidic drink. Methods. Nine different composites were tested: nanofilled (Filtek Supreme XTE, 3M ESPE), microfilled hybrid (G-ænial, GC Corporation), nanohybrid Ormocer (Admira Fusion, Voco), microfilled (Gradia Direct, GC Corporation), microfilled hybrid (Essentia, GC Corporation), nanoceramic (Ceram.X Universal, Dentsply De Trey), supranano spherical hybrid (Estelite Asteria, Tokuyama Dental Corporation), flowable microfilled hybrid (Gradia Direct Flo, GC Corporation), and bulk fill flowable (SureFil SDR flow, Dentsply De Trey). Thirty specimens of each esthetic restorative material were divided into 3 subgroups (n=10): specimens of subgroup 1 were used as control, specimens of subgroup 2 were immersed in 50 ml of Coca Cola for 1 week, and specimens of subgroup 3 were immersed in 50 ml of Coca Cola for 1 month. Flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured for each material with an Instron Universal Testing Machine. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. Results. After distilled water immersion, nanofilled composite showed the highest value of both flexural strength and elastic modulus, but its flexural values decreased after acidic drink immersion. No significant differences were reported between distilled water and acidic drink immersion for all other materials tested both for flexural and for elastic modulus values. Conclusions. Even if nanofilled composite showed highest results, acidic drink immersion significantly reduced flexural values.

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Effect of light-activation methods and water storage on the flexural strength of two composite resins and a compomer

Brazilian Oral Research ◽

10.1590/s1806-83242006000200010 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 143-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Leonardo Eloy Rodrigues Filho ◽

Luis Antônio dos Santos Burger ◽

Silvia Kenshima ◽

José Roberto de Oliveira Bauer ◽

Igor Studart Medeiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Flexural Strength ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Water Storage ◽

Storage Period ◽

Multiple Comparisons ◽

Composite Resins ◽

Activation Method ◽

Light Activation ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Effect Of Light

The present study evaluated the flexural strength of three composite resins recommended for direct esthetic restorations: a polyacid modified composite (Dyract AP), a unimodal composite resin (Filtek Z250) and a hybrid composite resin (Point 4). The variation factors, apart from the type of composite resin, were the light activation method and the water storage period. The composite resins were light-cured in continuous mode (40 s, 500 mW/cm²) or in ramp mode (0-800 mW/cm² for 10 s followed by 30 s at 800 mW/cm²) and stored for 24 hours or 30 days in distilled water at 37°C. The data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test for multiple comparisons (alpha = 0.05). The composite resin Z250 presented the highest mean flexural strength (166.74 MPa) and Dyract AP presented the lowest one (129.76 MPa). The storage for 30 days decreased the flexural strength in ramp mode (24 h: 156.64 MPa; 30 days: 135.58 MPa). The light activation method alone did not lead to different flexural strength values.

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Effect of surface sealant on the color stability of composite resin restorations

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402011000500003 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 365-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fernanda Valentini ◽

Simone Gomes Dias de Oliveira ◽

Guilherme Zdradk Guimarães ◽

Renata Pereira de Sousa Barbosa ◽

Rafael Ratto de Moraes

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Composite Resin ◽

Color Stability ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Color Measurements ◽

Composite Resin Restorations ◽

Surface Sealant ◽

Effect Of Surface ◽

Resin Restorations

This study investigated the effect of sealant application on the color stability of composite resin restorations. Cavities in bovine incisors were restored with composite resin (Opallis; FGM) and the teeth were assigned to 4 groups (n=10). A sealant (Fill Glaze; Vigodent) was applied over the restorations of 2 groups. Baseline color measurements based on the CIEL*a*b* system were carried out using a spectrophotometer. Half the number of specimens was immersed in distilled water, and half was immersed in coffee 4 h/day. Color measurements were repeated after 1 h, 24 h, 7 days and 3 months. Data for each immersion solution were separately subjected to a two-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α=0.05). For the group without sealant immersed in water, no significant differences were observed among the periods (p≥0.138), but the color was different compared with baseline (p<0.001). For the group with sealant application, the periods baseline, 1 h and 3 months presented similar results (p≥0.924). For groups immersed in coffee, when the sealant was not used, no significant differences were detected between the baseline and the periods 1 h and 24 h (p≥0.499), but the color changed significantly thereafter (p≤0.003). In the group with sealant, significant differences were detected for all periods compared with each other (p<0.001). In conclusion, application of sealant dramatically increased the staining of the restorations exposed to coffee.

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Effect of Antibacterial Silver-Releasing Filler on the Physicochemical Properties of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Denture Base Material

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12244146 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (24) ◽

pp. 4146 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Grzegorz Chladek ◽

Katarzyna Pakieła ◽

Wojciech Pakieła ◽

Jarosław Żmudzki ◽

Marcin Adamiak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Impact Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Flexural Modulus ◽

Base Material ◽

Distilled Water ◽

Denture Base ◽

Inorganic Particles ◽

Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Enhanced Solubility

Colonization of polymeric dental prosthetic materials by yeast-like fungi and the association of these microorganisms with complications occurring during prosthetic treatment are important clinical problems. In previously presented research, submicron inorganic particles of silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate (S–P) were introduced into poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base material which allowed for obtaining the antimicrobial effect during a 90 day experiment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the flexural strength, impact strength, hardness, wear resistance, sorption, and solubility during three months of storage in distilled water. With increasing S–P concentration after 2 days of conditioning in distilled water, reduced values of flexural strength (107–72 MPa), impact strength (18.4–5.5 MPa) as well as enhanced solubility (0.95–1.49 µg/mm3) were registered, but they were at acceptable levels, and the sorption was stable. Favorable changes included increased hardness (198–238 MPa), flexural modulus (2.9–3.3 GPa), and decreased volume loss during wear test (2.9–0.2 mm3). The percentage changes of the analyzed properties during the 90 days of storage in distilled water were similar for all materials.

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