Intricate relations and concepts of reference points in prosthodontics: A literature review

The article discusses the methodical problems of operationalization of the agriculture sustainable development with the use of the eco-efficiency concept and the DEA method. On the basis of the literature review, dilemmas faced by the researcher adopting this research perspective have been identified. Although the application of these methods allows to reduce the problems related to the selection of weights and reference points, as well as various units in which the inputs and effects of agricultural activity are expressed, at the same time it requires the assumption that: 1) the research will not take into account a random factor; 2) the analysed group of entities is homogenous; 3) exists interchangeability of capital and environmental inputs; 4) exist institutional limitations of over-exploitation of environmental resources.

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Particularities of Social and Environmental Accounting Research in an Emerging Country

Green Accounting Initiatives and Strategies for Sustainable Development - Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8720-2.ch012 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 308-331

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Social Responsibility ◽

Emerging Countries ◽

Environmental Accounting ◽

Reference Points ◽

Environmental Reporting ◽

Emerging Country ◽

Fundamental Research ◽

Research Questions ◽

Social And Environmental Reporting

The purpose of this chapter is to debate on a number of research questions drawn from previous fundamental research conducted on social and environmental accounting in emerging countries. Based on literature review, on practical studies of specialized organizations or associations, and on authors' previous studies, another step is made in this research, by developing a pilot questionnaire intended to capture the willingness of companies form an emerging country, to show interest in social responsibility disclosure. This helps to launch certain debates with regard to the principles, concepts and forms of social and environmental reporting. The pilot questionnaire was sent to a group of interested companies in Romania (the emerging country chosen for this study) and the reference points for discussions on a Framework for presenting and managing social and environmental information through corporate reports are developed based on their responses.

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Partial Achilles Tendon Rupture—A Neglected Entity: A Narrative Literature Review on Diagnostics and Treatment Options

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9103380 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 3380

Author(s):

Matthias Gatz ◽

Christoph Spang ◽

Håkan Alfredson

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Achilles Tendon ◽

Conservative Management ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Achilles Tendon Rupture ◽

Rehabilitation Program ◽

Reference Points ◽

Future Research ◽

Hyperintense Signal ◽

Heel Lift

Partial ruptures in the Achilles tendon are rather uncommon and are often misinterpreted as aggravated Achilles tendinopathy, and not always considered as a differential diagnosis. The aim of this literature review was to characterize typical symptoms, to provide an overview of available diagnosis and treatment options, and to give reference points for future research. There were few studies and sparse knowledge of scientific value, making it difficult to give evidence-based recommendations. Based on the few studies and the authors’ clinical experience, a diagnosis should be based on a patient’s history with a typical sharp onset of pain and inability to fully load the tendon. Previous intratendinous cortisone injections might be present. Clinical findings are a localized tender region in the tendon and often weakness during heel raises. Ultrasound and Doppler examinations show a region with an irregular and bulging superficial tendon line, often together with localized high blood flow. Magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI) shows a hyperintense signal in the tendon on T1 and T2-weighted sequences. First-line therapy should be a conservative approach using a 2 cm heel lift for the first 6 weeks and avoiding tendon stretching (for 12 weeks). This is followed by a reduced heel lift of 1 cm and progressive tendon loading at weeks 7–12. After 12 weeks, the heel lift can be removed if pain-free, and the patient can gradually start eccentric exercises lowering the heel below floor level and gradually returning to previous sport level. If conservative management has a poor effect, surgical exploration and the excision of the partial rupture and suturing is required. Augmentation procedures or anchor applications might be useful for partial ruptures in the Achilles insertion, but this depends on the size and exact location. After surgery, the 12 to 14-week rehabilitation program used in conservative management can be recommended before the patient’s return to full tendon loading activities.

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IDEOLOGIES AND THEORIES FOR YOUTH PRACTICE WORK

Commonwealth Youth and Development ◽

10.25159/1727-7140/1608 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 59-74

Author(s):

Ramadimetje Bernice Hlagala ◽

Catharina Sophia Delport

Keyword(s):

Young People ◽

Literature Review ◽

Theoretical Basis ◽

Work Practice ◽

Reference Points ◽

Youth Work ◽

Youth Workers ◽

Theoretical Frameworks ◽

History Of ◽

Mix And Match

There are many youth workers who continue to design their interventions without any theoretical basis, despite a long history of youth work as a field of practice. The aim of this article is to present selected ideologies and theoretical frameworks underpinning youth work practice. These ideologies and theories, although predominantly borrowed from other disciplines, provide insight on how youth work should be practised.Based on a thorough literature review, the authors have selected different theories and ideologies that youth workers, like other professionals, are expected to know, understand and to adapt to youth work practice. These theories are important and would serve as theoretical frameworks on which youth work interventions will be based and, thereby, provide youth workers with the means to predict and analyse the situations of young people from different viewpoints to enable the development of different strategies to address relevant problems.The article concludes that theories and ideologies should be used as reference points, and youth workers mix and match different theories and ideologies depending on the nature of problem they are addressing at that particular time.

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The Stakes of Social Media

10.4018/978-1-7998-8413-2.ch009 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 196-222

Author(s):

Elodie A Attié ◽

Anne Bouvet ◽

Jérôme Guibert

Keyword(s):

Social Media ◽

Literature Review ◽

Social Interactions ◽

User Experience ◽

Well Being ◽

Reference Points ◽

Research Interest ◽

Social Media Platforms ◽

Voice Chat ◽

Use Of Social Media

The COVID-19 context affected the use of social media. Video and voice chat facilitate social interactions during the current social distancing requirements. However, social media creates unrealistic reference points of comparison. The time spent on social media can thus diminish well-being. Researchers and managers aspire to understand how sentiments can control social media. Another research interest regards which techniques create positive sentiments and enhance user experience. This chapter introduces the main stakes of social media, how sentiments change social media, and in turn, social media influences sentiments. The main focus presents a literature review regarding the techniques to analyze sentiments. Finally, solutions and recommendations contemplate the use of social media, for both users and social media platforms.

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Reference Coordinate System Requirements for Geophysics

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100050946 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 87-92

Author(s):

P. L. Bender

Keyword(s):

Coordinate System ◽

Polar Motion ◽

Main Part ◽

Measurement Techniques ◽

Reference Points ◽

Angular Motion ◽

Coordinate Systems ◽

Axis Of Rotation ◽

The Earth ◽

Fixed System

AbstractFive important geodynamical quantities which are closely linked are: 1) motions of points on the Earth’s surface; 2)polar motion; 3) changes in UT1-UTC; 4) nutation; and 5) motion of the geocenter. For each of these we expect to achieve measurements in the near future which have an accuracy of 1 to 3 cm or 0.3 to 1 milliarcsec.From a metrological point of view, one can say simply: “Measure each quantity against whichever coordinate system you can make the most accurate measurements with respect to”. I believe that this statement should serve as a guiding principle for the recommendations of the colloquium. However, it also is important that the coordinate systems help to provide a clear separation between the different phenomena of interest, and correspond closely to the conceptual definitions in terms of which geophysicists think about the phenomena.In any discussion of angular motion in space, both a “body-fixed” system and a “space-fixed” system are used. Some relevant types of coordinate systems, reference directions, or reference points which have been considered are: 1) celestial systems based on optical star catalogs, distant galaxies, radio source catalogs, or the Moon and inner planets; 2) the Earth’s axis of rotation, which defines a line through the Earth as well as a celestial reference direction; 3) the geocenter; and 4) “quasi-Earth-fixed” coordinate systems.When a geophysicists discusses UT1 and polar motion, he usually is thinking of the angular motion of the main part of the mantle with respect to an inertial frame and to the direction of the spin axis. Since the velocities of relative motion in most of the mantle are expectd to be extremely small, even if “substantial” deep convection is occurring, the conceptual “quasi-Earth-fixed” reference frame seems well defined. Methods for realizing a close approximation to this frame fortunately exist. Hopefully, this colloquium will recommend procedures for establishing and maintaining such a system for use in geodynamics. Motion of points on the Earth’s surface and of the geocenter can be measured against such a system with the full accuracy of the new techniques.The situation with respect to celestial reference frames is different. The various measurement techniques give changes in the orientation of the Earth, relative to different systems, so that we would like to know the relative motions of the systems in order to compare the results. However, there does not appear to be a need for defining any new system. Subjective figures of merit for the various system dependon both the accuracy with which measurements can be made against them and the degree to which they can be related to inertial systems.The main coordinate system requirement related to the 5 geodynamic quantities discussed in this talk is thus for the establishment and maintenance of a “quasi-Earth-fixed” coordinate system which closely approximates the motion of the main part of the mantle. Changes in the orientation of this system with respect to the various celestial systems can be determined by both the new and the conventional techniques, provided that some knowledge of changes in the local vertical is available. Changes in the axis of rotation and in the geocenter with respect to this system also can be obtained, as well as measurements of nutation.

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Effect of Computerized Auditory Training on Speech Perception of Adults With Hearing Impairment

Perspectives on Aural Rehabilitation and Its Instrumentation ◽

10.1044/arri20.3.91 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 91-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Rachel Pizarek ◽

Valeriy Shafiro ◽

Patricia McCarthy

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Speech Perception ◽

Literature Review ◽

Low Cost ◽

Experimental Designs ◽

Auditory Training ◽

Hearing Impairments ◽

Communicative Disorders ◽

And Training

Computerized auditory training (CAT) is a convenient, low-cost approach to improving communication of individuals with hearing loss or other communicative disorders. A number of CAT programs are being marketed to patients and audiologists. The present literature review is an examination of evidence for the effectiveness of CAT in improving speech perception in adults with hearing impairments. Six current CAT programs, used in 9 published studies, were reviewed. In all 9 studies, some benefit of CAT for speech perception was demonstrated. Although these results are encouraging, the overall quality of available evidence remains low, and many programs currently on the market have not yet been evaluated. Thus, caution is needed when selecting CAT programs for specific patients. It is hoped that future researchers will (a) examine a greater number of CAT programs using more rigorous experimental designs, (b) determine which program features and training regimens are most effective, and (c) indicate which patients may benefit from CAT the most.

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Taking Care of Children After Traumatic Brain Injury

Perspectives on School-Based Issues ◽

10.1044/sbi13.3.79 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 79-86 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Julie Haarbauer-Krupa

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Brain Injury ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Literature Review ◽

School Setting ◽

Leadership Role ◽

Speech Language Pathologists ◽

Educational Information ◽

Taking Care

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this article is to inform speech-language pathologists in the schools about issues related to the care of children with traumatic brain injury.Method: Literature review of characteristics, outcomes and issues related to the needs serving children.Results: Due to acquired changes in cognition, children with traumatic brain injury have unique needs in a school setting.Conclusions: Speech-Language Pathologists in the school can take a leadership role with taking care of children after a traumatic brain injury and coordination of medical and educational information.

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