What Does This Test Really Measure? Designing and Refining High-Quality Assessments for Deeper Learning

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-280
Keyword(s):  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Assessments

A Model for Gaze Control Assessments and Evaluation

2013 ◽  
pp. 332-343
Author(s):  
Eva Holmqvist ◽  
Margret Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Gaze Control ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Technical Aids ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Complex Matter

Technical aids can contribute towards improved health and satisfaction in life by giving the user increased possibilities for participation in a number of areas of daily life. Assessing people with disabilities that affect their motor, communication and cognitive skills can be a complex matter. The result of an assessment might be the user’s only way of independent activity and communication. This stresses the importance of making high quality assessments. This chapter discusses the prerequisites, structure and key elements of a successful gaze control assessment.

scholarly journals PhaseME: Automatic rapid assessment of phasing quality and phasing improvement

GigaScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Majidian ◽  
Fritz J Sedlazeck
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Linkage Data ◽  
Universal Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sequencing Technologies ◽  
Long Reads ◽  
Oxford Nanopore ◽  
Linkage Information ◽  
Quality Assessments

Abstract Background The detection of which mutations are occurring on the same DNA molecule is essential to predict their consequences. This can be achieved by phasing the genomic variations. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art haplotype phasing is currently a black box in which the accuracy and quality of the reconstructed haplotypes are hard to assess. Findings Here we present PhaseME, a versatile method to provide insights into and improvement of sample phasing results based on linkage data. We showcase the performance and the importance of PhaseME by comparing phasing information obtained from Pacific Biosciences including both continuous long reads and high-quality consensus reads, Oxford Nanopore Technologies, 10x Genomics, and Illumina sequencing technologies. We found that 10x Genomics and Oxford Nanopore phasing can be significantly improved while retaining a high N50 and completeness of phase blocks. PhaseME generates reports and summary plots to provide insights into phasing performance and correctness. We observed unique phasing issues for each of the sequencing technologies, highlighting the necessity of quality assessments. PhaseME is able to decrease the Hamming error rate significantly by 22.4% on average across all 5 technologies. Additionally, a significant improvement is obtained in the reduction of long switch errors. Especially for high-quality consensus reads, the improvement is 54.6% in return for only a 5% decrease in phase block N50 length. Conclusions PhaseME is a universal method to assess the phasing quality and accuracy and improves the quality of phasing using linkage information. The package is freely available at https://github.com/smajidian/phaseme.

scholarly journals phylostratr: A framework for phylostratigraphy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zebulun Arendsee ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Urminder Singh ◽  
Arun Seetharam ◽  
Karin Dorman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Source Code ◽  
R Package ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Organelle Genomes ◽  
Alternative Algorithm ◽  
Homology Inference ◽  
Quality Assessments

AbstractMotivationThe goal of phylostratigraphy is to infer the evolutionary origin of each gene in an organism. Currently, there are no general pipelines for this task. We present an R package, phylostratr, to fill this gap, making high-quality phylostratigraphic analysis accessible to non-specialists.ResultsPhylostratigraphic analysis entails searching for homologs within increasingly broad clades. The highest clade that contains all homologs of a gene is that gene’s phylostratum. We have created a general R-based framework, phylostratr, for estimating the phylostratum of every gene in a species. The program can fully automate an analysis: select species for a balanced representation of each strata, retrieve the sequences from UniProt, build BLAST databases, run BLAST, infer homologs for each gene against each subject species, determine phylostrata, and return summaries and diagnostics. phylostratr allows extensive customization. A user may: modify the automatically-generated clade tree or use their own tree; provide custom sequences in place of those automatically retrieved from UniProt; replace BLAST with an alternative algorithm; or tailor the method and sensitivity of the homology inference classifier. phylostratr also offers proteome quality assessments, false-positive diagnostics, and checks for missing organelle genomes. We show the utility of phylostratr through case studies in Arabidopsis thaliana and Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Availabilityphylostratr source code and vignettes are available on GitHub at https://github.com/arendsee/[email protected]

A Model for Gaze Control Assessments and Evaluation

2012 ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Holmqvist ◽  
Margret Buchholz
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Gaze Control ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Technical Aids ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Complex Matter

Technical aids can contribute towards improved health and satisfaction in life by giving the user increased possibilities for participation in a number of areas of daily life. Assessing people with disabilities that affect their motor, communication and cognitive skills can be a complex matter. The result of an assessment might be the user’s only way of independent activity and communication. This stresses the importance of making high quality assessments. This chapter discusses the prerequisites, structure and key elements of a successful gaze control assessment.

scholarly journals Оценка почвенных условий Крымского полуострова применительно к культуре винограда

2019 ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy Rybalko ◽  
Natalia Baranova ◽  
Viktoriya Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Kerch Peninsula ◽  
Carbonaceous Rocks ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

Проведена оценка почвенных ресурсов Крымского полуострова применительно к культуре винограда. Разнообразные типы почв Крымского полуострова были объединены в пять групп по степени пригодности для виноградного растения. Создана крупномасштабная векторная карта бонитета почв для винограда. В работе использованы картографические материалы по Крымскому полуострову, составленные Крымской землеустроительной экспедицией Республиканского проектного института «Укрземпроект» масштаба 1:200 000. Оцифровка карт, анализ пространственного распределения почвенных типов с различными бонитировочными оценками и расчёт их площадей проводились с использованием географических информационных систем. Установлено, что на Крымском полуострове общая площадь обследованных почв составляет 2233,0 тыс. га. Высокий бонитет применительно к винограду у черноземов предгорных выщелоченных на разных породах (91-100 баллов), черноземов южных слабогумусированных, в том числе мицелярно-высококарбонатных, черноземов на плотных глинах, черноземов карбонатных на элювии и делювии карбонатных пород, черноземов преимущественно карбонатных щебневатых и галечных на элювии плотных и галечных карбонатных и окарбоначенных пород, черноземов предгорных на плотных карбонатных породах, коричневых горных карбонатных и некарбонатных почв (81-90 баллов). Почвы с оценкой 60 и менее балов малопригодны или вообще непригодны для получения высококачественного винограда. В данную категорию попали засолённые переувлажнённые и маломощные почвы. Они составляют 26,7%, от общей площади обследованных территорий. 73,4% земель пригодны для ведения промышленной культуры винограда, ориентированной на получение высококачественной продукции. Наиболее благоприятные почвенные условия для развития виноградарства сложились в Южнобережной зоне, центральной части предгорного района, центральных степных, западных и юго-западных районах Крымского полуострова. В прибрежной северной, северо-восточной частях, на отдельных участках предгорных районов южной и юго-западной частей Крымского полуострова, а также на значительных массивах Керченского полуострова сложились неблагоприятные почвенные условия, лимитирующие эффективное выращивание промышленной культуры винограда.Soil resources of the Crimean Peninsula were assessed for their suitability for vine growing. Various soil types of the Crimean Peninsula were divided into five groups by the degree of their suitability for a grapevine plant. A large-scale vector map of soil bonitet for grapevine was created. The study used cartographic data on the Crimean Peninsula at a scale of 1:200 000 compiled by the Crimean land use planning expedition of the Republican Design Institute Ukrzemproekt. Maps digitization, analysis of soil types spatial distribution with various land quality assessments and their area calculation was done using geographic information systems. The total area of surveyed soils in Crimea made 2233.0 thousand ha. High bonitet with regards to grapevine growing was established for piedmont chernozems leached on different rocks (91-100 points), southern slightly humic chernozems, including micellar-high carbonate chernozems, dense clay chernozems, carbonate chernozems on eluvium and carbonate diluvium rocks, predominantly carbonate rubbly and pebble chernozems on eluvium of dense and pebble carbonate and carbonaceous rocks, foothill chernozems on dense carbonate rocks, brown mountain carbonate and non-carbonate soils (81-90 points). Soils that received 60 or less points are hardly or not at all suitable for the production of high-quality grapes. Saline, waterlogged and thin soils fell into this category. They made up 26.7% of the total surveyed area. 73.4% of the land is suitable for industrial viticulture and can produce high-quality produce. The South Coast zone, central part of the piedmont region, central steppe, western and southwestern regions of the Crimean Peninsula have the most favorable soil conditions for viticulture development. The coastal north, north-eastern parts, some parts of the foothill areas of the southern and south-western parts of the Crimean Peninsula, as well as significant areas of the Kerch Peninsula developed unfavorable soil conditions limiting effective industrial viticulture.

BRASS: Cross-match of atomic repositories and spectral line blending investigations

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 843-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Laverick ◽  
A. Lobel ◽  
P. Royer ◽  
C. Martayan ◽  
T. Merle
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Line ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Spectral Synthesis ◽  
Atomic Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Stellar Spectra ◽  
Synthetic Spectra ◽  
Atomic Lines ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
Cross Match

The Belgian repository of fundamental atomic data and stellar spectra (BRASS) aims to critically evaluate atomic data, from publicly available repositories, by comparing state-of-the-art synthetic spectra against high-quality benchmark stellar spectra. In preparation for our assessment we have cross-matched atomic line transitions from several different databases. Our investigation revealed significant updates in log(gf) values, sometimes as large as 2–4 dex, that fully justify the need for systematic quality assessments of the atomic data. We have also investigated the spectral line blending of an initial subset of 2647 atomic lines using spectral synthesis calculations, for the spectral types BAFGK.

User Developed Applications

2002 ◽  
pp. 289-303
Author(s):  
Tanya J. McGill
Keyword(s):  
End Users ◽  
System Quality ◽  
End User ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Independent Expert ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
And Training

Organizations rely heavily on applications developed by end users yet lack of experience and training may compromise the ability of end users to make objective judgments about the quality of their applications. This study investigated the ability of end users to assess the quality of applications they develop. The results confirm that there are differences between the system quality assessments of end user developers and independent expert assessors. In particular, the results of this study suggest that end users with little experience may erroneously consider the applications they develop to be of high quality. Some implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals RNA profile diversity across arthropoda: guidelines, methodological artifacts, and expected outcomes

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle M DeLeo ◽  
Jorge L Pérez-Moreno ◽  
Hernán Vázquez-Miranda ◽  
Heather D Bracken-Grissom
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Rna Integrity ◽  
Rna Quality ◽  
Rna Integrity Number ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Quality Assessments

Abstract High-quality RNA is an important precursor for high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and subsequent analyses. However, the primary metric used to assess RNA quality, the RNA Integrity Number (RIN), was developed based on model bacterial and vertebrate organisms. Though the phenomenon is not widely recognized, invertebrate 28S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is highly prone to a form of denaturation known as gap deletion, in which the subunit collapses into two smaller fragments. In many nonmodel invertebrates, this collapse of the 28S subunit appears as a single band similar in size to the 18S rRNA subunit. This phenomenon is hypothesized to be commonplace among arthropods and is often misinterpreted as a “degraded” rRNA profile. The limited characterization of gap deletion in arthropods, a highly diverse group, as well as other nonmodel invertebrates, often biases RNA quality assessments. To test whether the collapse of 28S is a general pattern or a methodological artifact, we sampled more than half of the major lineages within Arthropoda. We found that the 28S collapse is present in ∼90% of the species sampled. Nevertheless, RNA profiles exhibit considerable diversity with a range of banding patterns. High-throughput RNAseq and subsequent assembly of high-quality transcriptomes from select arthropod species exhibiting collapsed 28S subunits further illustrates the limitations of current RIN proxies in accurately characterizing RNA quality in nonmodel organisms. Furthermore, we show that this form of 28S denaturation, which is often mistaken for true “degradation,” can occur at relatively low temperatures.

Introduction: Policy and Validity Prospects for Performance-Based Assessment

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva L. Baker ◽  
Harold F. O'Neil ◽  
Robert L. Linn
Keyword(s):  
Educational Reform ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Educational Goals ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Performance Tasks ◽  
The Public ◽  
Performance Based Assessment ◽  
Television Coverage ◽  
Quality Assessments

High interest in performance-based assessment of educational achievement is indicated by recent conferences, special journal issues, and national television coverage. The president's and governors' educational goals reflect the central role of assessment in reform. A prominent view is that changes in assessment, using more complex, meaningful, and integrative performance tasks, will improve education. New assessments present challenges to the curriculum, teaching practices, and presentation of student achievement information to policymakers and to the public. Sufficient high-quality assessments must be available before their impact on educational reform can be assessed. Although interest in performance-based assessment is high, our knowledge about its quality is low. Moreover, few psychometric templates exist to guide the technical practices of assessment developers.

A Comparison of End User and Expert Systems Quality Assessments

2011 ◽  
pp. 105-124
Author(s):  
Tanya J. McGill
Keyword(s):  
Expert Systems ◽  
End Users ◽  
System Quality ◽  
End User ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Independent Expert ◽  
Systems Quality ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
And Training

Organizations rely heavily on applications developed by end users, yet lack of experience and training may compromise the ability of end users to make objective judgments about the quality of their applications. The study reported on in this chapter investigated the ability of end users to assess the quality of applications they develop. The results confirm that there are differences between the system quality assessments of end user developers and independent expert assessors. In particular, the results of this study suggest that end users with little experience may erroneously consider the applications they develop to be of high quality. Some implications of these results are discussed.

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