ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY ASSOCIATED WITH THE WALLS OF DIFFERENT ORGANS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN NEWBORN, YOUNG AND YEARLING BOVINES: EFFECTS OF DIET AND FASTING

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. FAY ◽  
K.-J. CHENG ◽  
J. W. COSTERTON
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Newborn Calves ◽  
Apase Activity

Alkaline phosphatase (APase) activity was assayed in tissue samples from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of newborn Holstein calves, and of 3- to 10-mo-old calves fed on milk only or starter-grower ration plus alfalfa hay. Statistical analysis of APase activity from different regions of the GIT showed effects of diet and site (P < 0.01) and an interaction of diet × site (P < 0.01) on APase activity. APase was high in the reticulo-rumen: intermediate in the omasum and the intestinal region: and low in the tongue, esophagus and abomasum. Within the same organ. APase differed considerably according to the location of the sites. Calves fed the fiber-containing diet had higher APase than those fed milk only. APase activity in the reticulo-rumen was much lower in newborn calves than in older calves, but in the other regions of the GIT, values were similar for the two groups. The effect of fasting on APase activity in rumen and abomasum walls of 20 yearling Hereford and Angus bulls fed on two different diets was also studied. In most cases, fasting decreased wall-associated APase activities. Interactions for breed × diet × site (P < 0.01), for breed × fasting × site (P < 0.01), and for diet × fasting × site (P < 0.05) on rumen APase activity, and for breed × diet × fasting (P < 0.01) on abomasum APase activity, were detected in this experiment. These variations in APase activity within the digestive tract are discussed in relation to the absorption capacity, degree of abrasion, and degree of keratinization of the tissues involved.

ÖSTROGENBEDINGTE INDUKTION ALKALISCHER PHOSPHATASE IN FIBROBLASTEN DES SUBCUTANEN BINDEGEWEBES DER MAUS

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Schaefer ◽  
R. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Strong Reaction ◽  
Oestrogen Treatment ◽  
Oestradiol Benzoate ◽  
Subcutaneous Connective Tissue

ABSTRACT Alkaline phosphatase activity, demonstrated by cytochemical techniques, is induced by oestrogens in fibroblasts of the subcutaneous connective tissue of mice. As a rule, low or moderate enzymatic activities appear in some subcutaneous fibroblasts of females with the beginning of the endocrine function of the ovary, whereas alkaline phosphatase is completely missing in the subcutaneous fibroblasts of males and castrated females. On the other hand, the application of oestrogenic substances (α- and β-oestradiol, oestradiol benzoate, oestradiol valerinate) produces a strong reaction of alkaline phosphatase in numerous fibroblasts of males and castrated animals. Furthermore, the low enzymatic activity generally existing in the subcutis of intact females is distinctly increased by oestrogen treatment. The alkaline phosphatase activity in fibroblasts, induced by oestrogens, is depending on time and dose of the hormone application.

OSTEOPLASTIC PROPERTIES OF MULTIPOTENT MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS OF ADIPOSE TISSUE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2374-2378
Author(s):  
Andriy Bambuliak ◽  
Nataliia Kuzniak ◽  
Valentyna Honcharenko ◽  
Marianna Ostafiychuk ◽  
Alina Palamar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Medical University

The aim: Determining the ability of samples based on MMSC – AT differentiating in the osteogenic direction. Materials and methods: The study was conducting at Bukovinian State Medical University, Chernivtsi, Ukraine. Adipose tissue samples were obtaining from the neck of 60 experimental animals (white Wistar rats). Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of adipose tissue were obtained by grinding adipose tissue of rats in 0.1% collagenase 1A . Alkaline phosphatase activity was assessing by using the Alkaline Phosphatase Detection Kit (Sigma, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Osteopontin gene expression was determining by immunocytochemical method. To determine the mRNA used the PCR method, which is associated with reverse transcription (RT-PCR) in the area of quantification of gene expression to the marker BGP. Results: On the 21st day of observations, the expression of mRNA encoding the BGP gene decreased in samples № 1 and № 3 to 35,800 ± 420.0 copies and to 35,000 ± 400.0 copies, p1<0.01, p>0.05. Also was observing growth of copies of the BGP gene in samples № 2 and № 4 in 2.1, р<0.01 and 2.2 times, р-р2<0.05, relative to the data in sample № 1. Conclusions: Comparative study of osteoplastic properties samples MMSC-AT showed that a larger number of cells differentiate into the osteoblasts in samples containing MMSC-AT + PRP (№ 2) and MMSC-AT + PRP + «Kolapan» (№ 4). This has been proven higher alkaline phosphatase activity, higher levels osteopontin expression, and higher levels BGP gene expression.

scholarly journals ACID AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE IN WHITE CELLS DATA FOR THE LYMPHOCYTE AND THE POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE OF MAN AND THE RABBIT

Blood ◽  
1950 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. HAIGHT ◽  
R. J. ROSSITER
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Human Lymphocyte ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase

Abstract 1. The acid and alkaline phosphatase activity has been determined on a series of suspensions of white cells obtained from both man and the rabbit by several different methods. 2. A statistical analysis of the results shows that for both species the alkaline phosphatase of white cell suspensions is confined chiefly to the polymorphonuclear leukocyte and the acid phosphatase is chiefly in the lymphocyte, although the polymonphonuclear leukocyte contains lesser concentrations of this enzyme also. 3. Although this qualitative distribution was the same for both species studied, quantitatively the rabbit differed from man. The activity of the alkaline phosphatase of the rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocyte was eight times that of the corresponding human cell, while the activity of the acid phosphatase of the human lymphocyte was more than twice that of rabbit lymphocyte.

scholarly journals Anatomo-morphological features of free-living and farmed pheasants

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Beeger ◽  
Mariusz Wójcik ◽  
Marian Flis ◽  
Marek Marecki ◽  
Robert Pyrkosz Roman Dziedzic
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Biometric Measurements

This study compared pheasant roosters living in a natural habitat (n = 10), where farm-bred birds had not been released for 7 years (hence the wild-living birds were assumed to have been determined exclusively by environmental conditions),. The other group (n = 10) comprised farmed pheasant roosters. In December 2010, the pheasants were hunted, and biometric measurements of some traits were performed. After dissection, the muscles, bones, organs, and gastrointestinal tract were weighed, and the length of the intestines was measured. It was shown that the farmed pheasants had a significantly higher body weight (1583 g and 1407 g), which was mainly related to the higher fat content (144 g and 30 g). The farmed roosters had shorter rectrices. The heart-to-body weight and liver-to-body weight ratios, i.e. 0.6 % and 1.9 % respectively, were the same in both groups. No differences were found between the groups in terms of the weight of the pectoral, limb, and wing muscles, but the farmed roosters had heavier leg and wing bones. The length of the intestines per 100 g body weight was 10.5 cm in the farmed roosters and 13.3 cm in the free-living birds. Statistical analysis of variance was performed, and the differences between the groups were verified with the Mann-Whitney test. The farmed pheasants were shown to differ only slightly from the free-living birds from the natural habitat; hence, they are suitable for reintroduction.

Évolution enzymatique des tissus foetaux et placentaires de Rat en carence tératogène de riboflavine

Development ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-198
Author(s):  
G. Potier de Courcy ◽  
S. Desmettre-Miguet ◽  
M. R. Macquart-Moulin ◽  
T. Terroine
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Electrophoretic Pattern ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Yolk Sac ◽  
The Other ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Ldh Isozymes

Enzymic changes of foetal and placental tissues of the rat in teratogenic riboflavin deficiency The electrophoretic pattern of alkaline phosphatase was studied in teratogenic riboflavin deficiency in the whole foetus, chorioallantoic placenta and visceral yolk-sac of the rat in order to follow the course of their differentiation from day 13 to day 20 of gestation. Lacticdehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes were chosen in the case of foetal organs (heart, intestine and kidneys) as a more sensitive test. A fluorometric analysis of alkaline phosphatase was also performed to evaluate more precisely quantitative modifications brought on by maternal riboflavin deficiency in the placenta and the whole foetus. The importance of alkaline phosphatase in rat yolk-sac was indicated in the last period of gestation by the presence of a specific rapid isozyme band from the 16th to the 21st day, simultaneously with a greater complexity of the electrophoretic picture of this membrane. Placenta and foetus, on the other hand, were shown to possess two common bands but those concerned with the foetus appeared later and were related to the onset and increase of ossification. In the foetal organs, differentiation of LDH isozymes appeared specific for each organ studied; while the heart tissue showed five bands on the 16th day, kidney arrived at this stage only on the 21st day, indicating a slower maturation of this tissue. At the end of gestation riboflavin deficiency delayed the appearance of rapid isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase in the whole foetus and of LDH in the foetal kidneys, suggesting a similar delay in the course of metabolic differentiation of the skeleton and kidney tissues. Deficiency had no effect upon placental isoenzyme development but in this organ it greatly reduced the biochemical alkaline phosphatase activity, especially on day 13. This result suggests the participation of the enzyme in the general hypotrophy of the foetus by a decrease in nutrients carried by the placenta. On the other hand, the decline in the alkaline phosphatase activity of the whole foetus is related to the delayed appearance of mineralization.

scholarly journals Lipid deposition in intestine as a possible cause of malabsorption of nutrients in zinc-deficient common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 753-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.K. Taneja ◽  
P. Arya
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Lipid Deposition ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Triacylglycerol Concentration ◽  
High Lipid Diet

An experiment was performed to examine the interaction between Zn deficiency and lipid intake in carp. The carp were given a high-lipid diet that was either Zn-deficient (ZD) or Zn-supplemented (ZS), or were pair-fed (PF) the ZS diet to the intake of the ZD group. After 8 weeks the carp were killed and measurements were made of intestinal glucose uptake, levels of DNA, RNA and triacylglycerol, and alkaline phosphatase (EC3.1.3.1) activity in liver and intestine samples. A further group of similar carp were given the same diets but at week 8 were transferred to low-lipid diets, with the exception of half the ZD group. After a further 8 weeks of treatment, carps were killed for biochemical studies. Intestinal [14C]glucose uptake, levels of DNA, RNA and alkaline phosphatase activity in intestine and liver were significantly (P< 0·05) lower in the high-lipid ZD group than in the high-lipid ZS and PF diet groups. The triacylglycerol concentration in the intestine was higher in the high-lipid ZD group than in the other two groups. When the carp were given the corresponding low-lipid diets, the variables measured in intestine and liver of the ZD group were close to those of the other groups. The results of this study demonstrate that lipid, when present in excess in the diet, accumulates in the intestine under Zn-deficient conditions and may reduce the absorption of glucose in carp. The reduced RNA and DNA levels and alkaline phosphatase activity in liver and intestine of ZD fish compared with those of ZS fish given high- lipid diets is proposed to be due to the malabsorption of nutrients linked with lipid deposition in the intestine, rather than their dependence on the level of Zn in the diet.

Quantitative Histochemistry of the Dog Nephron

1956 ◽  
Vol 185 (2) ◽  
pp. 372-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. McCann
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Trypan Blue ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Quantitative Histochemistry ◽  
Glucose Reabsorption ◽  
Pars Recta ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Quantitative Chemical

Microdissection techniques for the separation of different anatomical segments of the dog nephron from frozen-dried kidney sections are described. Tissue samples thus isolated were suitable for quantitative chemical and enzymatic studies by precise microchemical methods. Trypan blue used as an intravital stain, served to distinguish proximal from distal convolutions, and did not alter the enzymes studied. Quantitative comparisons of water content, lipid content, and the activities of alkaline phosphatase, aldolase, fumarase, phosphohexoisomerase and hexokinase were made. The papilla differed from the other areas in lipid content. Alkaline phosphatase was localized mainly in the proximal convoluted tubules. The other enzymes varied less regularly from area to area. Hexokinase was four times higher in the pars recta of the proximal tubule than in any other area. Inasmuch as glucose reabsorption is believed to occur in the first half of the proximal convoluted tubule, the observed distribution of hexokinase does not further the hypothesis that this enzyme is concerned in glucose reabsorption by the kidney.

scholarly journals Activity of Enzymes in the Endometrium, Caruncles, and Uterine Rinsings of Progestogen-Treated and Naturally Cycling Ewes

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
RN Murdoch ◽  
IG White
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Luteal Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes

The activity of several enzymes has been measured in the endometrium, caruncles, and uterine rinsings of ewes at various stages of the oestrous cycle. Ewes were either allowed to cycle naturally or were synchronized by progestogenimpregnated sponges inserted into the vagina. Most (86%) of the progestogentreated ewes came into oestrus 2 or 3 days after removal of the sponges, and the uterus contained higher levels of amylase and alkaline phosphatase than did naturally cycling ewes. Amylase, succinate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were maximal during the luteal phase of the cycle. Endometrial alkaline phosphatase activity followed the growth and retrogression of the corpus luteum more closely than that of the other enzymes studied.

LEUCOCYTE METABOLISM IN PREGNANCY

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXV (IV) ◽  
pp. 575-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Borel ◽  
J. Frei ◽  
A. Vannotti
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
In Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Enzymatic studies, on leucocytes of pregnant women, show an increase of the alkaline phosphatase activity and a decrease of the glucose consumption and lactate production, as well as of proteolysis. The oxygen consumption, with succinate as substrate, does not vary.

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