EFFECTS OF AMMONIATION OF CANOLA (LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED) MEAL ON ITS NUTRITIONAL VALUE FOR THE RAT

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 997-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. KEITH ◽  
J. M. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Processing Step ◽  
Lysine Concentration ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
Step Control

Canola (low glucosinolate rapeseed) meal (CM) (Brassica campestris 'Candle') was heated to 105 °C at the desolventizing step (control) or treated with ammonia, steam or both, in addition to heat. These CMs and a commercial CM were incorporated into rat diets at levels providing lysine, the limiting amino acid, at 0.44%. Similar diets contained casein, lactalbumin or soybean meal. All diets were formulated to contain 1.28% nitrogen (air-dry basis). During a 2-wk growth period the feed/gain ratios were higher for rats fed ammoniated CM than for those fed steam-treated meal. Significant differences in gains and feed intakes were not detected. Plasma lysine concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in rats fed the ammoniated meals indicating decreased absorption of lysine. The performance by rats was generally in agreement with that by growing pigs as reported previously. While ammoniation is effective in reducing the glucosinolate concentrations of CM, this processing step has an adverse effect on the protein quality, particularly lysine availability, of the meal thereby decreasing its nutritional value in swine rations. Key words: Rapeseed meal, canola, ammoniation, protein quality, rats, plasma lysine concentration

scholarly journals Effects of thermal processing on digestibility and protein utilization of rapeseed meal of medium and low glucosinolate type in diets for growing pigs

1991 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-482
Author(s):  
Matti Näsi ◽  
Hilkka Siljander-Rasi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Small Reduction ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The nutritive value of rapeseed meals (RSM) from Brassica campestris, 0 and 00-cultivars, with medium (25—55 μg/g defatted meal) and low (0.05), although 00-RSM’s tended to have higher OM and CP digestibilities compared with 0-RSM; pooled mean values being 0.638 vs. 0.715 for OM and 0.715 vs. 0.775 for CP. RSM treated for ruminant escape protein had the same or better digestibility than untreated RSM; pooled average values being 0.669 vs. 0.680 for OM and 0.746 vs. 0.757 for CP. This observation has practical importance since the same treatments of RSM could be employed for meals to be used in diets of both ruminants and pigs. In these experiments, the protein utilization was efficient and differences between the dietary treatments were small and insignificant. Heat treatment (Opex) did not decrease protein utilization despite a small reduction in lysine content.

scholarly journals Nutritive value of rapeseed meal from two Brassica campestris varieties for growing pigs

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Maija-Liisa Salo
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Brassica Campestris ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

The digestibility and nutritive value of two rapeseed meals (Brassica campestris) , one prepared from the medium-glucosinolate varieties Span and Torch, and the other from a low-glucosinolate variety Candle, were determined for three pigs weighing about 45 kg. The pigs received 1600 g barley and 600 g rapeseed meal daily. The composition of the Candle meal was better than that of Span-Torch and its digestibility and nutritive value higher (P < 0.01). When the fat content of Candle meal was corrected to the 1.5 % level of Span-Torch meal, the ME values were 13.6 and 10.4 MJ/kg DM, the NE values 1.01 and 0.78 FU/kg DM (FU = 0.7 kg starch), and the DCP values 318 and 248 g DCP/kg DM for Candle and Span-Torch, respectively (P < 0.01). The difference in the nitrogen balance was also significant (P < 0.01). Thus the Candle meal has about 30 % higher nutritive value for pigs than the Span-Torch meal.

Effect of Barley Variety on Protein Quality and Nutritional Value for Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Newman ◽  
R. F. Eslick ◽  
R. C. Rasmuson
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Barley Variety

NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF LOW GLUCOSINOLATE RAPESEED MEAL FOR SWINE

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Glucosinolate Content ◽  
Protein Digestion ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Ad Libitum

Five swine experiments were conducted to evaluate rapeseed meal (RSM) of low glucosinolate content (Brassica napus L. cv. Bronowski). Two experiments involved 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% substitution of either Bronowski meal or regular (B. campestris) meal for soybean meal or fishmeal used in the control diet. One experiment compared ad libitum-fed and partially restricted pigs. Another experiment involved digestibility studies, and the final one involved methionine and lysine supplementation. As the dietary levels of either Bronowski or regular RSM increased in the ration, protein digestion coefficients decreased from 79 and 80% to 76 and 78%, respectively, and energy coefficients decreased from 82% to 79 and 78%, respectively. The protein and energy digestibility coefficients for Bronowski RSM were estimated to be 68 and 59%; for regular RSM, 65 and 54%. With barley–wheat–RSM diets, pigs responded to 0.1% methionine, but not to lysine (P > 0.05). Pigs fed ad libitum consumed more Bronowski than regular RSM diet and performed as well as pigs fed soybean meal diets.

scholarly journals Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) better Estimates the Protein Value of Pistachios than Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Marie Bailey ◽  
Arianna Carughi ◽  
Hans-Henrik Stein
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Quality ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Indispensable Amino Acid ◽  
Older Adolescents ◽  
Adolescents And Adults ◽  
Amino Acid Score

AbstractPistachios (Pistacia Vera) are nutrient-dense foods with a healthy nutritional profile that contains fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, essential nutrients, phytochemicals and protein. However, the nutritional quality of the protein has not been characterized to date. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score (PDCAAS) and Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score (DIAAS) for raw and roasted American pistachio nuts in growing pigs. The values for apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of crude protein (CP) and the standard ileal digestibility (SID) where calculated for these proteins. The CP content was greater for raw pistachios (27.1%) compared with roasted pistachios (25.1%). The amino acid (AA) in greatest concentrations for both types of pistachio were arginine followed by leucine. The AA in the lowest concentration were tryptophan followed by methionine. The AID of CP was greater (P < 0.05) for raw pistachios than for roasted pistachios, and the AID of most indispensable AA (IAA), except arginine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine, was greater (P < 0.05) for raw pistachios. The SID of CP was greater (P < 0.05) for raw than for roasted pistachios, and the SID of all IAA, except phenylalanine, was greater (P < 0.05) for raw than for roasted pistachios. The PDCAAS value calculated for both types of pistachios was based on the requirement for children from 2 to 5 years old (FAO, 1991), whereas the DIAAS value was calculated based on the requirement for children 3 years and older, adolescents, and adults (FAO, 2013). Both raw and roasted pistachios had a PDCAAS value of 75. In contrast, the DIAAS was numerically greater for raw pistachios than for roasted pistachios with values of 86 and 83, respectively. For PDCAAS, the first limiting AA in both raw and roasted pistachios when compared with the AA requirements for children 2 to 5 years was threonine. For DIAAS, lysine was the first limiting AA in both raw and roasted pistachios when compared with the AA requirements for children 3 years and older, adolescents, and adults. Based on the DIAAS cut-off values describing protein quality (FAO, 2013), raw pistachios and roasted pistachios can both be considered a ‘Good’ quality protein if consumed by children older than 3 year, adolescents, and adults.

An optimal dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs

1997 ◽  
Vol 1987 ◽  
pp. 91-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. C. Wang ◽  
M. F. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Amino Acid Pattern ◽  
Dietary Amino Acid ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
Limiting Amino Acid ◽  
The Ideal

An animal's rate of protein accretion (or nitrogen retention) is determined by the most deficient (or first limiting) amino acid in the diet, in a perfectly balanced (or ideal) protein all essential amino acids and the sum of the non-essential amino acids are equally limiting. If a dietary protein had any amino acids in excess of the ideal pattern, then the removal of any of the excess should not affect nitrogen retention. This principle was used to determine the ideal dietary amino acid pattern for growing pigs.Three nitrogen balance trials were carried out with a total of 64 gilts of weight from 30 to 55 kg. Casein and a mixture of amino acids were used in the semi-purified diets. The animals were given the diets at the rate of 93 g/kg BW0.75/d in three equal meals mixed with 0.3 L water. The feeding times were 08.30, 12.30 and 17.30. All pigs received their experimental diets for 7 days, made up of 3 days preliminary and a 4-day collection, except that the preliminary period before the first collection in the first period was 7 days. Before the first collection bladder catheters were introduced.

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