EFFECT OF DIETARY RESERPINE ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME IN CHICKENS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
J. R. HUNT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Meat Type

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of various levels of dietary reserpine on growth, feed conversion, percent mortality and percent mortality due to sudden death syndrome (SDS) of meat-type chickens to 10 wk of age. In one experiment, dietary reserpine (0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg) had no significant effect on body weight gain but reduced feed:gain ratios with the two highest levels at 3 wk and at all levels at 7 and 10 wk. In the second experiment (0.0, 0.75, 1.5 and 3.0 mg/kg), dietary reserpine resulted in lower body weight at 3, 7 and 10 wk of age while feed:gain ratios at 7 or 10 wk were not affected. In both experiments neither total mortality nor mortality due to SDS was influenced by dietary reserpine. Key words: Reserpine, sudden death syndrome, broilers, roasters, growth, feed:gain

scholarly journals Evaluation of lighting programs, diet density, and short term use of mash as compared to crumbled starter to reduce incidence of sudden death syndrome in broiler chicks to 35 d of age

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
High Density ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
M 12

Restricted lighting is used commercially to regulate early growth and limit losses associated with sudden death syndrome (SDS), ascites and leg problems. Standard lighting programs may not be suited for broilers marketed at 35 d of age, and promote injury (scratching, i.e., cellulitis) by creating peak feeding periods. This study evaluates four lighting programs, three phases of mash or crumble starter feeding and two diet densities on performance and mortality of broilers marketed at 35 d of age. Two trials each utilized 7200 male broiler (Cobb × Cobb) chicks randomly housed in six (2.75 × 4.90 m) floor pens in each of eight rearing rooms. Four lighting programs were replicated in each trial and consisted of: (a) 23C (23L:1D 0–35 d); (b) 16C (23L:1D 0–3 d, 16L:8D 4–35 d); (c) DDI (delayed decreasing increasing) (23L:1D 0–3 d; 20L:4D 4–6 d, 16L:8D 7–10 d; 8L:16D 11–15 d; 12L:12D 16–20 d; 16L:8 D 21–28 d; and 20L:4 D 29–35 d); and (d) IL (intermittent lighting, provided in four cycles of 6 h d-1 the same total daily hours of light as the DDI program). Two diet densities were applied for the starter and grower diets; high (ME 3170/3200 kcal; CP 251/210 g) or low (ME 3100/3060 kcal; CP 235/195 g kg-1 starter/grower diet, respectively). The two starter types were fed as combinations of mash (M) or crumble (C): (1) M 0–12 d followed by C 12–21 d; (2) C 0–12 d followed by M 12–21 d; and 3) C 0–21 d. The respective grower/finisher density diets were fed in a pelleted form. By 35 d of age the body weight (BW) of broilers maintained under the DDI lighting program was significantly lower than BW of broilers held under the other lighting programs (16Ca > ILab > 23Cb). Overall (0–35 d) feed conversion (corrected for mortality, but not market weight at 35 d) was highest for broilers reared under the 23Ca > ILab > DDIb > 16Cc lighting programs, respectively. SDS (%) mortality was highest for IL (1.68a) = 23C (1.53a) ≥ 16C (1.02ab) ≥ DDI (0.80b) lighting programs. There were no significant differences in 35 d BW or feed conversion of broilers fed mash or crumble starter. Feeding mash diets did lower 21 d BW, but this decrease in early growth did not significantly reduce overall mortality. Broilers fed the low as compared to the high density diets weighed less at 21 d, but weighed significantly more at 35 d, and had a higher (P < 0.05) 0–35 d feed conversion. Low as compared to high density diets did reduce SDS mortality significantly (0.72 vs. 1.81%, respectively). Lighting programs that do provide variable extended dark periods will alleviate broiler mortality as compared to constant (23 or 16 h) or intermittent lighting programs. However, these broilers had a significantly lower body weight when marketed at 35 or less days of age. Key words: Lighting, broilers, mash, diet density, sudden death, ascites

scholarly journals Behavioural characterisation of chronic unpredictable stress based on ethologically relevant paradigms in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sequeira-Cordero ◽  
A. Salas-Bastos ◽  
J. Fornaguera ◽  
J. C. Brenes
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Lower Body Weight

AbstractThe chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) paradigm is extensively used in preclinical research. However, CUS exhibits translational inconsistencies, some of them resulting from the use of adult rodents, despite the evidence that vulnerability for many psychiatric disorders accumulates during early life. Here, we assessed the validity of the CUS model by including ethologically-relevant paradigms in juvenile rats. Thus, socially-isolated (SI) rats were submitted to CUS and compared with SI (experiment 1) and group-housed controls (experiment 1 and 2). We found that lower body-weight gain and hyperlocomotion, instead of sucrose consumption and preference, were the best parameters to monitor the progression of CUS, which also affected gene expression and neurotransmitter contents associated with that CUS-related phenotype. The behavioural characterisation after CUS placed locomotion and exploratory activity as the best stress predictors. By employing the exploratory factor analysis, we reduced each behavioural paradigm to few latent variables which clustered into two general domains that strongly predicted the CUS condition: (1) hyper-responsivity to novelty and mild threats, and (2) anxiety/depressive-like response. Altogether, the analyses of observable and latent variables indicate that early-life stress impairs the arousal-inhibition system leading to augmented and persistent responses towards novel, rewarding, and mildly-threatening stimuli, accompanied by lower body-weight gain.

scholarly journals Digestible methionine + cysteine: lysine ratios for growing meat-type quails

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Resende de Castro ◽  
Sandra Regina Freitas Pinheiro ◽  
Jéssica Amaral Miranda ◽  
Leonardo da Silva Costa ◽  
Graziela Maria de Freitas Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Meat Type ◽  
Basal Ration

ABSTRACT: The objective was to estimate the most appropriate digestible methionine + cysteine:lysine ratios for growing meat-type quails (Coturnix coturnix) from 1 to 21 days of age. Quails were fed with a basal ration deficient in digestible methionine + cysteine, with five levels of DL-methionine, in substitution of glutamic acid and starch, resulting in digestible methionine + cysteine:lysine ratios of 0.61, 0.66, 0.71, 0.76 and 0.81. Feed and methionine + cysteine intake, body weight gain, feed conversion and uniformity were assessed. From 1 to 7 days, an increasing linear effect was observed for feed and methionine + cysteine intake, body weight gain, and uniformity, and a linear decrease for feed conversion. From 8 to 14 days, the 0.70 methionine + cysteine: lysine ratio was the best for feed intake and body weight gain, and for uniformity, the 0.75 methionine + cysteine:lysine ratio was the most appropriate. For methionine + cysteine intake and feed conversion, an increasing and decreasing linear adjustment was observed, respectively. From 15 to 21 days, an increasing linear effect was observed for feed and methionine + cysteine intake and body weight gain; a decreasing linear effect was observed for feed conversion. The 0.81 ratio was the most efficient for feed conversion during all evaluated experimental periods. In conclusion, the 0.81 dietary methionine + cysteine:lysine ratio is the most appropriate for meat-type quails during the first 21 days of age.

scholarly journals Internal parasites that infected local rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 067-071
Author(s):  
Hind D Hadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Intestinal Parasite ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Internal Parasites ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

Rabbits are animals affected by many different species of parasites, infection Lead to lower body weight gain compared with non-infected rabbits , while sever infection Lead to death , although rabbits are less likely to develop epidemic diseases, but they are exposed to diseases of care and malnutrition, as well as parasitic diseases . Turning to previous studies that dealt with the spread of internal parasites in rabbits such as (Giardia, Cryptosporidium, Eimeria sp., Cystecercus pisiformis, Passalurus ambiguous). The current study aimed to defined of intestinal parasite in rabbit. Despite, the few of research on this subject for this study of intestinal parasites that Infection of rabbits and suggestion development of a database of studies of internal parasites affecting rabbits.

tert-Butylhydroquinone reduces lipid accumulation in C57BL/6 mice with lower body weight gain

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 897-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kung-Woo Nam ◽  
Yong Hyun Kim ◽  
Hyun Jung Kwon ◽  
Sang-Ki Rhee ◽  
Wan-Jong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lower Body Weight

scholarly journals The Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Body Weight Before and During Pregnancy in Women Enrolled in the WHO Calcium and Preeclampsia Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-342
Author(s):  
Gabriela Cormick ◽  
Ana Pilar Betrán ◽  
Janetta Harbron ◽  
Armando Seuc ◽  
Cintia White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
The Difference ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Elemental Calcium

Introduction: Obesity is a major and challenging public health problem. The aim of this substudy is to evaluate the effect of calcium supplementation on body weight in women recruited in the Calcium and Preeclampsia trial. Methods: Women were recruited before pregnancy and randomized to receive a calcium supplement containing 500 mg of elemental calcium or placebo until 20 weeks’ gestation; all women received 1.5 g from 20 weeks until delivery. Results: A total of 630 women conceived during the study, 322 allocated to calcium and 308 to placebo. Among these, 230 allocated to calcium and 227 allocated to placebo had information on body weight at baseline and at 8 weeks' gestation. During the study period, women allocated to calcium had a mean weight increase of 1.1 (SD ±5.5) kg, whereas those allocated to placebo had a mean increase of 1.5 (SD ±6.1) kg, a mean difference of 0.4 kg (95% −0.4 (−1.4 to 0.6); P = .408). Women classified as obese at the start of the trial had a lower body weight gain at 8 weeks’ gestation (1.0 kg; 95% CI: −3.2 to 1.2; P = .330) and at 32 weeks’ gestation (2.1 kg; 95% CI: 5.6-1.3; P = .225) if they received calcium as compared to placebo. However, none of these differences were statistically significant. Conclusion: The smaller increase in body weight found in women supplemented with 500 mg elemental calcium daily is quantitatively consistent with previous studies. However, in this study, the difference was not statistically significant.

scholarly journals The effect of phase nutrition during starter period on production performances and nitrogen content in feces of broilers of different genotypes

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-424
Author(s):  
N. Tolimir ◽  
L. Peric ◽  
N. Milosevic ◽  
M. Djukic-Stojcic ◽  
R. Jovanovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Protein Reduction

Objective of the research was to investigate the effect of phase nutrition, i.e. different mixtures used in broiler nutrition with phase reduction of protein cotnent during starter period on production peformances of fattening chickens of different genotypes and on nitrogen content in faeces. Differences between groups (treatments) were in the type of mixtures use din starter period, and according to the following program: T1 (control group) - nutrition consisted of mixtures with 23% of proteins in duration from day 1 to 21; T2 - from day 1 to 14, mixture containing 23% of protein was used, and from day 14 to 21, mixture with 20% of proteins; T3 - from day 1 to 7, mixture was used containing 23% of protein and from day 7 to 21, mixture with 20% of proteins; T4 - nutrition with mixture containing 20% of proteins in duration from day 1 to 21. During the trial period (from day 1 to 21) production parameters were followed. Nitrogen content was determined in a collective faeces sample. Results showed that chickens of different genotypes expressed different sensitivity to protein restriction. Comparing the trial groups with the control in the third week, in chickens of Ross 308 provenience significantly lower body weight was registered only in chickens of T4 group with the highest protein reduction. In Cobb 500 chickens, significantly lower body weight was determined in T3 and T4 trial groups. In case of both hybrids, in T2 group, slightly lower body weight was established, but without statistically significant difference compared to the control. Feed conversion in both genotypes was the highest in T3 and T4 treatments. The program of phase nutrition resulted in decrease of the nitrogen content in faeces. Based on obtained data it can be concluded that applied nutrition treatments with drastic protein reduction during starter period in both genotypes had negative effect on production performances. Therefore, the composition and dynamics of mixture changes must be taken into consideration when formulating the program of phase nutrition, in order to achieve both goals - decrease of protein content in feed with simultaneous diminished nitrogen excretion and achieving good results.

EFFECT OF DIETARY TAURINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME IN BROILER CHICKENS

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. CAMPBELL ◽  
H. L. CLASSEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Gain Ratio

Dietary taurine supplementation (0, 0.05, 0.10, or 0.20%) was examined as a means of reducing sudden death syndrome (SDS) in male broiler chickens (624 per treatment) raised to market weight. Total mortality and sudden death syndrome were lower for broilers fed taurine-supplemented diets. The feed-to-gain ratio from 3 to 6 wk decreased linearly with increasing dietary taurine while taurine addition had no effect on 3-wk or 6-wk body weight, or feed-to-gain ratio from 0 to 3 wk. Key words: Sudden death syndrome, taurine, broiler chickens

scholarly journals Etlik Piliç ve Ebeveynlerinin Gelişimi

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Ahmet Uçar ◽  
Mesut Türkoğlu ◽  
Musa Sarıca
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Feed Conversion Rate ◽  
Skeletal Integrity ◽  
Meat Type

Selection of meat-type chickens is primarily focused on growth rate and body composition improvement. The negative relationship between growth and reproduction related characteristics makes rearing and breeding applications difficult. Although the studies on chicken breeding have more than 150 years of history, the speed-up have been derived only in last 75 years. While selection breeding birds based on their phenotype for such traits as skeletal integrity, body conformation, condition, morbidity etc. Over the years, progress has been made in terms of number of hatching eggs, egg weight and hatchability at the parent stocks. For the meat-type chickens, the average body weight gain was 8 g per day and feed conversion rate was 5.0 until the age of slaughter in the first quarter of the 20th century, whereas at the beginning of the 21th century, these characteristics reached 66 g and 1.7, respectively. Improvement in body weight and the feed conversion ratio of the genotypes which have been used for broiler production is because of the development in genetics. Besides these developments, some problems have surfaced regarding immune function, skeletal disorders, liability, and in the breeder level reproductive troubles.

scholarly journals BLOOD PARASITES AFFECTS LOCAL RABBITS IN IRAQ, A REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-157
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Blood Parasite ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

Rabbits are animals affected by many different species of parasites, infection Lead to lower body weight gain compared with non-infected rabbits , while sever infection Lead to death , although rabbits are less likely to develop epidemic diseases, but they are exposed to diseases of care and malnutrition, as well as parasitic diseases .Turning to previous studies that dealt with the spread of blood parasites in rabbits is a protozoan parasite such as (scab body, Babesia sp., Theileria sp., Anaplasma sp., Trypanosom sp. ,Plasmodium sp.). The current study aimed to defiend of blood parasite in rabbit in Iraq . Despite, the few of research on this subject for this study of blood parasites that Infection of rabbits and suggestion development of a database of studies of blood parasites affecting rabbits in Iraq.

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