scholarly journals Estimates of genetic parameters for growth and carcass traits in Charolais cattle

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Johnston ◽  
L. L. Benyshek ◽  
J. K. Bertrand ◽  
M. H. Johnson ◽  
G. M. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Multiple Trait ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Charolais Cattle

Growth and carcass records were obtained on 1444 progeny, representing 53 Charolais sires from 7 yr of the Canadian Charolais Association Conception to Consumer Program. After weaning, all calves entered a commercial feedlot, where they remained on feed until they were visually appraised to grade A1 or A2, at which time they were slaughtered. The average age, backfat and carcass weight at slaughter were 417 d, 8.9 mm and 306 kg, respectively. Carcass weight, longissimus muscle area, marbling and number of days from on test to slaughter were adjusted to a fat constant end point of 8.9 mm of backfat. Genetic, phenotypic and environmental relationships were computed from variances and covariances estimated using a multiple-trait sire model with restricted maximum likelihood procedures between all pairwise combinations of growth and carcass traits. The following heritabilities were determined: birth weight, 0.25; 200-d adjusted weaning weight, 0.09; 365-d adjusted yearling weight, 0.16; feedlot test average daily gain, 0.19; relative growth rate, 0.18; number of days from on test to slaughter, 0.24; carcass weight, 0.09; longissimus muscle area, 0.38; and marbling score, 0.26. Carcass weight had a positive genetic correlation with longissimus muscle area (0.45) and number of days from on test to slaughter (0.29) but correlated negatively with marbling score (−0.31). Longissimus muscle area was negatively correlated with marbling score (−0.24). Key words: Beef cattle, growth and carcass traits, genetic parameters

scholarly journals Genetic Analysis of Major Carcass Traits of Korean Hanwoo Males Raised for Thirty Months

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1792
Author(s):  
Mahboob Alam ◽  
Soo Hyun Lee ◽  
Do Hyun Lee ◽  
Chungil Cho ◽  
Mi Na Park
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Multiple Trait ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
First Time

Understanding animals’ genetic potential for carcass traits is the key to genetic improvements in any beef cattle. In this study, we investigated the genetic merits of carcass traits using Hanwoo males raised in a 30-month production system (PROD30). We achieved this using a dataset comprising 6092 Hanwoo males born between 2005 and 2017 and measures of four carcass traits (carcass weight, CWT; eye muscle area, EMA; backfat thickness, BFT; and marbling score, MS). Genetic parameters were estimated using a multiple-trait animal model through the AIREMLF90 program. According to the multiple-trait model, the h2 of CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS were 0.35 ± 0.04, 0.43 ± 0.05, 0.48 ± 0.05, and 0.56 ± 0.05, respectively. The strongest genetic correlation (rg) was obtained between CWT and EMA (0.49 ± 0.07), whereas it was negligible between CWT and BFT. EMA and MS were also moderately correlated, whereas there was a relatively low negative correlation between EMA and BFT (−0.26 ± 0.08). Our study revealed a consistent indirect genetic improvement in animals from 2005 onwards. Although Hanwoo improvement has mainly focused on males under a 24-month production cycle, we observed PROD30 males to have somewhat similar genetic potential. Our results provide useful insights into the genetic merits of PROD30 males for the first time, which may facilitate future studies on them and their integration into the Hanwoo National Evaluation for genomic selection.

Genetic correlations among indicator traits for carcass composition measured in yearling beef bulls and finished feedlot steers

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bergen ◽  
S. P. Miller ◽  
J. W. Wilton
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Beef Bulls

Genetic correlations were examined among 10 live growth and ultrasound traits measured in yearling beef bulls (n = 2172) and four carcass traits measured in crossbred finished feedlot steers (n = 1031). Heritabilities ranged from 0.13 (bull ultrasound longissimus muscle width) to 0.83 (yearling bull hip height). Genetic correlations indicated that selecting yearling bulls for increased growth rate and hip height would lead to higher carcass weight, increased longissimus muscle area and reduced levels of carcass marbling in steers. Bull ultrasound fat depth was positively associated with both carcass fat depth and marbling score. Most ultrasound longissimus muscle size measurements in bulls were positively associated with each other and with carcass longissimus muscle area in steers, but the magnitude of the genetic correlation with carcass measurements depended on the bull longissimus muscle size trait in question. This suggests that longissimus muscle shape in bulls may be related to carcass weight, fat and muscle traits in steers. Results confirm that while ultrasound is a valuable tool for the genetic improvement of carcass traits in beef cattle, genetic correlations between live bull ultrasound and steer carcass traits less then unity suggest that selection would benefit from multiple trait evaluations in situations where reliable carcass data are available. Key words: Ultrasound, beef carcass, heritability, genetic correlation

Genetic parameters among growth and carcass traits of Canadian Charolais cattle

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 589-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Crews ◽  
Jr., M. Lowerison ◽  
N. Caron ◽  
R. A. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area

Genetic parameters for three growth and five carcass traits were estimated for Charolais using a combination of carcass progeny test, purebred field performance and pedigree data. Heritabilities and genetic and residual correlations were derived from variance components for birth weight (BWT, n = 54 221), 205-d weaning weight (WT205, n = 31 384), postweaning gain (PWG, n = 19 403), hot carcass weight (HCW, n = 6958), average subcutaneous fat thickness (FAT, n = 6866), longissimus muscle area (REA, n = 6863), marbling score (MAR, n = 6903) and estimated carcass lean yield percentage (PLY, n = 6852) with an animal model (n = 78 728) and restricted maximum likelihood. Breed of dam and contemporary group appropriate to each trait were included as fixed effects in the model, whereas random effects included direct genetic for all traits, maternal genetic for BWT and WT205, and maternal permanent environmental for WT205. Carcass traits were adjusted to a constant harvest age of 425 d. Heritability estimates of 0.53, 0.22, and 0.21 were obtained for direct components of BWT, WT205, and PWG, respectively, and maternal heritabilities were 0.16 and 0.10 for BWT and WT205, respectively. Direct × maternal genetic correlations for BWT (-0.49) and WT205 (-0.35) were negative. Heritabilities for HCW, FAT, REA, MAR, and PLY were 0.33, 0.39, 0.43, 0.34, and 0.46, respectively. Genetic correlations among direct effects for growth traits were moderately positive and generally uncorrelated with maternal effects across traits. Lean and fat deposition in the carcass generally had negative, unfavorable genetic correlations, although improvement in lean yield and marbling score may not be strongly antagonistic. Genetic correlations of direct and maternal components of growth traits with carcass traits suggested that selection for increased growth rate would not be antagonistic to improvement in carcass yield or meat quality. Key words: Carcass, Charolais, correlation, genetic parameters, growth

Genetic parameters for growth and carcass traits of Japanese Black (Wagyu) cattle

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Oikawa ◽  
T. Sanehira ◽  
K. Sato ◽  
Y. Mizoguchi ◽  
H. Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pooled Data

AbstractRestricted maximum likelihood analyses fitting an animal model were conducted to estimate genetic parameters with a pooled-data set of performance tests (growth traits and food intake) on 661 bulls and progeny tests (growth traits and carcass traits) on 535 steers. Traits studied included concentrate intake (CONC), roughage intake (ROU), TDN conversion (TCNV), TDN intake (TINT) of bulls; rib eye area (REA), marbling score (MARB), dressing proportion (DRES) and subcutaneous fat depth (SCF) of steers. Body weight at start (BWS), body weight at finish (BWF) and average daily gain (ADG) of all animals were measured. Estimated heritabilities were 0·18 (CONC), 0·71 (ROU), 0·11 (TCNV) and 0·36 (TINT); 0·02 (REA), 0·49 (MARB), 0·15 (DRES), 0·15 (SCF), and from 0·20 to 0·38 for growth traits. Genetic correlations of ROU were different from those of CONC, probably due to inconsistent restrictions on concentrate intake; those of TINT with the weights, ADG and SCF were high. MARB showed positive genetic correlations with growth traits and low correlations with TINT and SCF. High potentiality for improvement of marbling score was suggested.

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameters by Single-Trait and Multi-Trait Models for Carcass Traits in Hanwoo Cattle

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
Swati Srivastava ◽  
Bryan Irvine Lopez ◽  
Sara de las Heras-Saldana ◽  
Jong-Eun Park ◽  
Dong-Hyun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Hanwoo Cattle ◽  
Genomic Model

Hanwoo breed is preferred in South Korea because of the high standards in marbling and the palatability of its meat. Numerous studies have been conducted and are ongoing to increase the meat production and quality in this beef population. The aim of this study was to estimate and compare genetic parameters for carcass traits using BLUPF90 software. Four models were constructed, single trait pedigree model (STPM), single-trait genomic model (STGM), multi-trait pedigree model (MTPM), and multi-trait genomic model (MTGM), using the pedigree, phenotype, and genomic information of 7991 Hanwoo cattle. Four carcass traits were evaluated: Back fat thickness (BFT), carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), and marbling score (MS). Heritability estimates of 0.40 and 0.41 for BFT, 0.33 and 0.34 for CWT, 0.36 and 0.37 for EMA, and 0.35 and 0.38 for MS were obtained for the single-trait pedigree model and the multi-trait pedigree model, respectively, in Hanwoo. Further, the genomic model showed more improved results compared to the pedigree model, with heritability of 0.39 (CWT), 0.39 (EMA), and 0.46 (MS), except for 0.39 (BFT), which may be due to random events. Utilization of genomic information in the form of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) has allowed more capturing of the variance from the traits improving the variance components.

Heritability and correlation estimates of Warner-Bratzler shear force and carcass traits from Angus-, Charolais-, Hereford-, and Simmental-sired cattle

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Minick ◽  
M. E. Dikeman ◽  
E. J. Pollak ◽  
D. E. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Ribeye Area

Heritabilities and correlations of Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), marbling score (MS), hot carcass weight (HCW),12–13th rib-fat (FAT), and ribeye area (REA) were calculated from 3360 Angus-, Charolais-, Hereford-, and Simmental-sired cattle in the C attleman’s Beef Board Carcass Merit Project. The heritabilities (± SE) for WBSF, MS, HCW, FAT, and REA were 0.34 ± 0.25, 0.43 ± 0.28, 0.73 ± 0.35, 0.16 ± 0.19, and 0.56 ± 0.31 in Angus; 0.43 ± 0.22, 0.30 ± 0.18, 0.21 ± 0.16, 0.35 ± 0.20, and 0.23 ± 0.16 in Charolais; 0.12 ± 0.11, 0.55 ± 0.22, 0.20 ± 0.14, 0.25 ± 0.15 and 0.34 ± 0.17 in Hereford; and 0.16 ± 0.14, 0.44 ± 0.20, 0.45 ± 0.20, 0.23 ± 0.16, and 0.30 ± 0.18 in Simmental. The genetic correlations, averaged across analysis type, for WBSF-MS, WBSF-HCW, WBSF-FAT, WBSF-REA, MS-HCW, MS-FAT, MS-REA, HCW-FAT, HCW-REA, and FAT-REA were -0.17, 0.32, -0.23, 0.30, 0.10, -0.17, 0.39, -0.15, 0.68, and -0.86 in Angus; -0.42, 0.77, 0.52, -0.05, -0.44, -0.22, -0.19, 0.66, -0.05, and -0.24 in Charolais; -0.43, -0.04, -0.33, 0.09, 0.08, 0.79, -0.14, -0.26, 0.50, and -0.38 in Hereford; and 0.55, 0.08, 0.62, -0.08, 0.30, 0.61, -0.14, 0.06, 0.65, and -0.48 in Simmental. Key words: Beef cattle, genetic parameters, carcass quality, tenderness

Effects of a synthetic growth hormone-releasing peptide on growth and carcass traits of pigs

1999 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.-L. SHIH ◽  
H. TSAI ◽  
W.-J. JIANG ◽  
Y.-T. HUANG ◽  
T.-J. KOH
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Muscle Area

The current study was to determine the effects of growth hormone-releasing peptide ([His1, Lys6]-GHRP) on growth performance and carcass traits in pigs, and to determine whether the results were comparable to those of recombinant porcine growth hormone (r-PGH) treatment. Thirty Landrace and Yorkshire pigs (40–45 kg) were randomly divided into three groups, each group consisted of two boars, five gilts and three barrows. Peptides were administered daily by intramuscular injection with the following schemes and dosages: Group A ([His1, Lys6]-GHRP, 200 μg/day in 0·5 ml saline), Group B (r-PGH, 3 mg/day in 0·6 ml saline), and Group C (sterilized physiological saline, 0·5 ml/day). [His1, Lys6]-GHRP caused significant improvements both in pig growth and carcass traits. The average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency of the [His1, Lys6]-GHRP treated group were higher than those of the control, but less than with the r-PGH treatment. The net increase in the ADG by [His1, Lys6]-GHRP was c. 14%, and was 23% by r-PGH (both P<0·01). The feed efficiency was improved 17% by [His1, Lys6]-GHRP (P<0·01) and 20% by r-PGH (P<0·01). On the other hand, the back-fat thickness in both [His1, Lys6]-GHRP and r-PGH treated groups (1·76±0·041 cm and 1·72±0·040 cm, respectively) was considerably less (P<0·05) than that of the control group (1·81±0·040 cm). In addition, the lean cuts percentage and the rib longissimus muscle area were comparable in the [His1, Lys6]-GHRP and r-PGH treatments (lean cuts percentage: 57±2·0% and 57±1·5%, respectively; rib longissimus muscle area: 32·8±0·91 cm2 and 32·9±1·10 cm2, respectively), and both were significantly (P<0·05) greater than those of the control group (lean cuts percentage: 53±1·5%; rib longissimus muscle area: 28·3±1·61 cm2). In conclusion, [His1, Lys6]-GHRP appeared to be a promising tool for controlling carcass fat in pigs.

scholarly journals Estimation of Genetic Parameters and Correlation between Yearling Ultrasound Measurements and Carcass Traits in Hanwoo Cattle

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1425
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Naserkheil ◽  
Deuk-Hwan Lee ◽  
Hong-Sik Kong ◽  
Jiyeon Seong ◽  
Hossein Mehrban
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Genetic parameters have a significant role in designing a breeding program and are required to evaluate economically important traits. The objective of this study was to estimate heritability and genetic correlation between yearling ultrasound measurements, such as backfat thickness (UBFT), eye muscle area (UEMA), intramuscular fat content (UIMF), and carcass traits, such as backfat thickness (BFT), carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), marbling score (MS) at approximately 24 months of age, as well as yearling weight (YW) in Hanwoo bulls (15,796) and steers (5682). The (co) variance components were estimated using a multi-trait animal model. Moderate to high heritability estimates were obtained and were 0.42, 0.50, 0.56, and 0.59 for CW, EMA, BFT, and MS, respectively. Heritability estimates for yearling measurements of YW, UEMA, UBFT, and UIMF were 0.31, 0.32, 0.30, and 0.19, respectively. Favorable and strong genetic correlations were observed between UIMF and MS (0.78), UBFT and BFT (0.63), and UEMA and EMA (0.65). Moreover, the estimated genetic correlation between YW and CW was high (0.84) and relatively moderate between YW and EMA (0.43). These results suggest that genetic improvement can be achieved for carcass traits when using yearling ultrasound measurements as selection criteria in ongoing Hanwoo breeding programs.

scholarly journals PSIV-19 Live and carcass production traits for progeny of an F1 USDA Prime – yield grade 1 carcass clone sire in comparison with progeny of popular reference sires

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 228-228
Author(s):  
Forest L Francis ◽  
Dean Hawkins ◽  
Gregg Veneklasen ◽  
David Lust ◽  
Ty Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Normal Lungs

Abstract The cloning of beef carcasses that grade USDA Prime – Yield Grade 1 (P1) has produced a sire that ranked well against high performing bulls from multiple breeds. An F1 (P1 x P1) sire would ideally exhibit heterosis and outperform its high performing parents. A terminal sire study was conducted comparing progeny of an F1 (P1 x P1) sire (AxG1) against progeny (heifers and steers) of four high performing sires of varying breeds {P1 (Alpha); Angus; Simmental; Angus x Simmental}. Production traits included morbidity and mortality frequencies, weaning weight, and feedlot arrival weight; carcass traits included edible liver and normal lung frequencies, hot carcass weight, longissimus muscle area, 12th rib fat thickness, and marbling score. A completely randomized experimental design was used; data was analyzed using a mixed model with a fixed effect of sire and random effects of harvest date, sex, and pen. Feedlot arrival weight, frequencies of morbidity and mortality, 12th rib fat thickness, and frequency of grading Certified Angus Beef or USDA Select did not differ (P ≥ 0.16) between sires. Weaning weight and frequency of normal lungs tended (P ≤ 0.08) to differ amongst sires. Differences in hot carcass weight (P &lt; 0.01), longissimus muscle area (P &lt; 0.01), marbling score (P &lt; 0.01), and frequencies of normal lungs (P &lt; 0.01) was detected among sires. Additionally, sire differences in USDA yield grade (P &lt; 0.01), and frequencies of carcasses grading USDA Prime (P &lt; 0.01) and USDA Choice (P &lt; 0.01) were observed. AxG1 progeny exhibited the least 12th rib fat thickness and lowest USDA yield grade in addition to the largest longissimus muscle area, highest marbling score, and greatest frequency of USDA Prime. These data suggest that AxG1 competed extremely well against other high performing industry sires.

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