Comparison of lignosulfonate-treated canola meal and soybean meal as rumen undegradable protein supplements for lambs

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Stanford ◽  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
Z. Xu ◽  
K.-J. Cheng ◽  
M. Pickard
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Rumen Undegradable Protein ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Growth Experiments

An experiment was undertaken to determine the effect of lignosulfonate (LSO3) treatment on the rumen-undegradable protein (RUDP) value of canola meal (CM) and soybean meal (SM). Canola meal and SM were treated with 7% LSO3 and heated (95 °C) for 1 h. Treated and untreated meals were compared in vitro, in situ and in digestibility and growth experiments using Romanov × Suffolk and Romanov × Dorset lambs. Lambs were fed four barley-based diets [13.5% crude protein (CP)] with one of CM, SM, LSO3-treated CM (LSO3-CM) or LSO3-treated SM (LSO3-SM) as protein supplements. Lignosulfonate treatment increased acid detergent insoluble nitrogen (ADIN) five-fold in SM and threefold in CM. After 6 h incubation with ruminal fluid, ammonia production from LSO3-treated meals was one-half that from untreated meals. Lignosulfonate treatment reduced (P < 0.01) in situ rates of dry matter (DM) and protein disappearance and the soluble DM and protein fractions for both SM and CM, but not the potentially digestible fractions. No differences in feed conversion or average daily gain (P > 0.05) were found among the treatments. Although LSO3 treatment did not improve the ADG of lambs fed barley-based diets, it increased the RUDP value of SM and CM without adverse effects on digestibility. Key words: Lignosulfonate, canola meal, soybean meal, lamb

Comparison of sweet white lupin seed, canola meal and soybean meal as protein supplements for lambs

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Stanford ◽  
B. M. Lees ◽  
T. A. McAllister ◽  
Z. J. Xu ◽  
K.-J. Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Lupin Seed ◽  
Matter Energy

Western-Canadian grown sweet white lupin seed (LS), canola meal (CM) and soybean meal (SM) were compared in situ and in digestibility and feedlot experiments using Romanov × Suffolk lambs. Barley-based (75.5% as fed) diets were isonitrogenous (15.5% crude protein, CP) with LS, CM or SM as protein source. Sunflower hulls were substituted as necessary for protein supplement to ensure the diets were isonitrogenous. The LS used in this trial was relatively low in alkaloids (0.03%), as compared with other lupins, and high in manganese (2347 mg kg−1). In situ, the effective rumen degradability of protein of LS was higher than that of either CM or SM. Rates of DM and protein disappearance were also higher for LS than for CM and SM. Digestibilities of DM organic matter, energy and nitrogen were higher (P < 0.05) in LS than in CM or SM diets, but there were no differences (P > 0.05) among the supplements in digestibilities of starch or NDF. No differences (P > 0.05) were found in feed conversion or DM intake of the three diets. Average daily gain (ADG) of the lambs receiving LS did not differ (P > 0.05) from those of lambs on the other two diets, but lambs on CM had higher ADG (P < 0.05) than lambs on SM. We conclude that LS is comparable to SM and CM as a protein supplement for lambs, provided care is taken to avoid toxic levels of manganese and alkaloids. Key words: Lupin, lamb, protein, canola meal, soybean meal

Decorticated safflower meal as a protein supplement in diets fed either restrictively or ad libitum to barrow and gilt pigs over 45 kg liveweight

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (66) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
KC Williams ◽  
PK O'Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Large White ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty barrow and twenty gilt Berkshire x Large White pigs were fed barley based diets containing protein supplements of either 13 per cent soybean meal, 9 per cent fishmeal, 14.5 per cent safflower meal plus 0.2 per cent I-lysine mono hydrochloride plus 0.1 per cent methionine or 14.5 per cent safflower meal plus 4.5 per cent fishmeal from 46.4 to 87.0 kg liveweight. All diets were fed individually at a restricted feeding scale. The safflower meal diets were also fed ad libitum. Barrows and gilts fed ad libitum recorded a 65 and 27 per cent improvement respectively in average daily gain and had slightly fatter carcases than those fed comparable diets restrictively. Feed conversion ratio was not significantly affected by level of feeding. Growth and carcase attributes of pigs fed diets restrictively were similar apart from the feed conversion ratio of pigs fed the amino acid supplemented safflower meal diet, which was inferior (P < 0.05) to those fed the soybean meal supplemented diets. Barrows grew faster and produced fatter carcases than gilts, A significant sex x diet interaction occurred from which it was concluded that gilts, but not barrows, could be fed ad libitum without detriment to the quality of the carcase.

scholarly journals Utilization of canola and sunflower meals as replacements for soybean meal in a corn silage-based stocker system1

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 592-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lourenço ◽  
M. A. Froetschel ◽  
J. R. Segers ◽  
J. J. Tucker ◽  
R. L. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Daily Feeding ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate 3 silage-based stocker diets. In Exp. 1, diets were fed to a total of 276 animals over a period of 3 yr and performance data was collected. In Exp. 2, the same diets were subjected to in vitro digestion for 5 time periods: 0, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, to evaluate IVDMD, production of fermentation end products, and efficiency of transformation of energy. The experimental diets were similar, except for their protein supplements. They were composed of: 1) 74% corn silage, 15.2% ground ear corn, and 10.8% soybean meal (SBM); 2) 74.4% corn silage, 9.8% ground ear corn, and 15.8% canola meal (CAN); 3) 74.5% corn silage, 9.8% ground ear corn, and 15.7% sunflower meal (SUN). Results from Exp. 1 showed that DMI was similar across all treatments (P = 0.167), but ADG was greater (P = 0.007) for animals fed either SBM or CAN than for animals fed SUN (1.29, 1.28, and 1.20 kg/d, respectively). Both CAN and SUN significantly reduced (P &lt; 0.001) daily feeding cost per animal in comparison to SBM. Exp. 2 revealed that total VFA production was similar for all treatments (P = 0.185), and greatest molar proportions of propionate were observed for SBM and CAN (P = 0.02). Additionally, IVDMD was highest for SBM (P &lt; 0.001). Regression analysis showed that most of the evaluated traits followed a quadratic trend for incubation times (P ≤ 0.02). On average, the in vitro technique used in this study was able to account for 97.03% of the caloric transformations suffered by DE throughout the different incubation times. Overall, our findings revealed that although animals receiving SUN had the cheapest daily feeding cost, important traits like ADG and feed conversion rate were negatively affected by this treatment. In contrast, data showed that CAN was an effective replacement for SBM for it maintained similar animal performance while decreasing feed costs. Therefore, from a producer standpoint, CAN is a viable alternative to replace the more costly SBM diet in silage-based stocker operations.

LYSINE SUPPLEMENTATION OF GROWER AND FINISHER PIG DIETS BASED ON HIGH PROTEIN BARLEY, WHEAT AND SOYBEAN MEAL OR CANOLA MEAL, WITH OBSERVATIONS ON THYROID AND ZINC STATUS

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. BELL ◽  
M. O. KEITH ◽  
C. S. DARROCH
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Lower Serum ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Daily Gain

A factorial experiment with four dietary levels of supplemental lysine (0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25%), three protein supplements (soybean meal (SBM), canola meal (CM), CM + 50 mg iodinated casein per kg diet), and two sexes of pigs (barrows, gilts) was conducted. Crossbred Lacombe × (Yorkshire × Landrace), specific pathogen-free pigs were randomly allotted at 23 ± 1 kg weight in four replicates to pens of four pigs, individually fed. The pigs were slaughtered at 100 ± 2 kg. The diets were based on barley and wheat (2:1) and were pelleted (4.8 mm diam.). Average daily gain (ADG) responses during the growing period (23–57 kg) to increments of lysine were not significant (P > 0.05) but when ADG was adjusted by regression for variation in feed consumption there was a significant (P < 0.05) linear response (743, 748, 757, 772 g d−1). Feed:gain ratio also showed improvement (P < 0.05): 2.45, 2.44, 2.40, 2.35. Responses to lysine were similar for SBM and CM diets but pigs fed SBM had greater (P < 0.05) ADG than those fed CM (779 vs. 745 g). There was no response to added lysine in the 57–100 kg weight range but pigs fed SBM had greater adjusted ADG than those fed CM (908 vs. 873 g) and better feed:gain ratio (3.33 vs. 3.46). Thyroid status was not affected but iodinated casein improved grower period feed:gain ratio. Carcass quality index was not affected (P > 0.05) by lysine level, protein source, iodinated casein or sex of pig. Pigs fed CM had lower serum zinc than those fed SBM. It was estimated that the addition of 0.25% lysine to diets containing 0.8% lysine resulted in 7% improvement in ADG and efficiency of feed utilization. Key words: Lysine, canola meal, zinc, thyroid, pigs

EFFECTS OF STEAM PELLETING DIETS CONTAINING TWO VARIETIES OF RAPESEED MEAL ON PIG PERFORMANCE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. NARENDRAN ◽  
G. H. BOWMAN ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Pig Performance ◽  
G Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the late fall and winter months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts to study the effects on pig performance of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM) and lysine-HCl (0.1%) supplemented corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed meal (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash (corn was medium-ground) and steam pellets. Average daily gain (ADG), feed intake, efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio, F/G) and carcass backfat thickness were measured in pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. The energy level in the RSM diets was not adjusted to equal that in the corn-SBM diet. Pigs fed Tower RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) feed intake and backfat thickness and pigs fed Candle RSM had a lower (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and higher (P < 0.01) F/G compared to the pigs fed SBM. The pigs fed corn-SBM-Tower RSM had a higher (P < 0.01) ADG and feed intake and lower (P < 0.01) F/G ratio than those fed Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting of the corn-SBM and corn-SBM-RSM diets improved ADG, feed intake and F/G of the pigs, with the effects being greatest for the RSM diets.

EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B12 ON PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS TRAITS OF PIGS FED DIETS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PROPIONIC ACID OR CALCIUM PROPIONATE

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. THACKER ◽  
J. P. BOWLAND
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fa Composition ◽  
Calcium Propionate ◽  
Crossbred Pigs ◽  
Daily Gain

Effects of vitamin B12 supplementation of diets containing propionic acid (PA) or calcium propionate (CP) on average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion efficiency (FCE), backfat measurements and fatty acid (FA) composition, were studied utilizing 80 crossbred pigs averaging 22.5 kg. Diets based on barley-soybean meal, containing 0, 3.5 or 7% PA or CP were fed with and without the addition of 4.95 mg of vitamin B12 per kg of diet. The addition of PA depressed average daily feed(ADF) intake, while CP had no effect. ADG was reduced when either 7% PA or CP was fed, but ADG was slightly improved when 3.5% PA or CP was fed. FCE was improved when 3.5 or 7% PA or 3.5% CP was fed, but 7% CP depressed FCE. Vitamin B12 supplementation slightly improved the ADG and FCE of pigs fed CP, but had no effect on pigs fed PA. None of these differences was significant at the 5% level. Addition of CP significantly reduced the thickness of carcass backfat in treated pigs. Supplementation with vitamin B12 eliminated this reduction. A similar, though non-significant, trend was observed with PA. Pigs fed 7% PA or CP had significantly higher levels of odd-chain FA 17:0 and 17:1 in carcass back fat. Addition of vitamin B12 mollified this effect. In addition, vitamin B12 supplementation of PA-treated pigs significantly increased the levels of the unsaturated FA 18:2 and 18:3.

scholarly journals Effect of including canola meal in diets of slaughter ostriches (Struthio camelus var. domesticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-551
Author(s):  
T.S. Brand ◽  
J. Van der Merwe ◽  
L.C. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Gain

Canola meal (CM) is a locally produced protein source that may be less expensive than soybean meal (SBM). This study evaluated the effects of replacing 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% SBM with CM in diets for slaughter ostriches. The CM was added at the expense of SBM and other concentrates, with minor changes in other ingredients. Birds (n = 15 per treatment) were reared from 77 to 337 days old on the trial diets, which were supplied ad libitum for starter, grower, and finisher phases. Bodyweights and feed intake were measured during these phases. No differences (P >0.05) were found between treatments for live weight at the end of each phase, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) over all the growth phases. Although no differences were observed in live weight at the end of each phase, the birds reared on the diet with 50% CM were heaviest at slaughter, and birds reared with 100% CM were lightest (P <0.05). Differences (P <0.05) between diets were observed for the weight at slaughter, weights of the liver and thyroid glands and the pH of the cold carcass. However, no differences (P >0.05) were observed between diets for fat pad weight, dressing percentage, and weights of thighs and Muscularis gastrocnemius. The results indicate that CM could replace SBM in the diets of slaughter ostriches without affecting production traits and slaughter yields.Keywords: alternative protein, average daily gain, canola, dry matter intake, feed conversion ratio, growth, ostrich nutrition, production

scholarly journals 163 Xylanase and fermentable xylo-oligosaccharides improve performance in grower-finisher pigs fed a corn-soybean meal based diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 91-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Cordero ◽  
Jae Cheol Kim ◽  
Natasha Whenham ◽  
Helen Masey-O’Neill ◽  
Saksit Srinongkote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Large White ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Average Body

Abstract Cecal inoculum collected from broilers fed a diet supplemented with xylanase showed increased gas production in an in vitro fermentation study with arabinoxylan-based substrates, indicating that intestinal microbiota can adapt to increase the capability to ferment arabinoxylans when pre-exposed to xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) produced by xylanase. As the most abundant non-starch polysaccharides in a corn-soybean meal-based diet is arabinoxylan, this study tested the hypothesis that a blend of a xylanase and XOS will improve growth performance of pigs compared with those fed a diet supplemented with xylanase alone. One hundred twenty male crossbred (Landrace x Large white x Duroc) pigs (77 days average age; 30 kg average body weight -BW) were allocated to one of three treatments: CTR (control diet), XYL (CTR diet supplemented with 100 g/t of xylanase [Econase XT, AB Vista]) and XYL+XOS [CTR diet supplemented with 100 g/t of xylanase and XOS (Signis, AB Vista)]. Each treatment had ten replicates, with 4 animals each. The control diet was formulated with corn, soybean meal, DDGS and cassava meal as major ingredients. Pelleted diets were fed over 3 phases: grower (30–60 kg), finisher 1 (60–80 kg) and finisher 2 (80–100 kg). Average daily gain (ADG) and daily feed intake (ADFI) were measured from 30 to 100 kg and feed efficiency calculated (FCR). No treatment effects were observed on ADFI. Pigs offered the XYL+XOS had increased ADG (CTR = 1.058 vs XYL+XOS= 1.086 g/pig/d; P = 0.02) compared with those supplemented with xylanase alone (CTR = 1.058 vs XYL = 1.067 g/pig/d; P = 0.40). Feed efficiency was improved with XYL (2.65; P = 0.042) and XYL+XOS (2.60; P < 0.001) compared with CTR (2.71). These results suggest that xylanase in combination with XOS further improves daily gain and FCR compared with a xylanase alone. Interestingly the differences between XYL and XYL+XOS become more apparent in older animals, when the microbiome matures and possibly digests fiber more effectively.

EFFECTS ON PERFORMANCE OF PIGS FED STEAM-PELLETED RAPESEED MEAL DIETS

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. GRANDHI ◽  
R. NARENDRAN ◽  
G. H. BOWMAN ◽  
S. J. SLINGER
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Gain Ratio ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted during the spring and summer months with 96 Yorkshire barrows and gilts, to study the effects of feeding corn-soybean meal (SBM), corn-SBM-Tower rapeseed (RSM) and corn-SBM-Candle RSM diets, in the form of mash and steam-processed pellets on average daily gain (ADG), efficiency of feed conversion (feed to gain ratio) F/G), average daily feed intake and carcass backfat thickness of pigs reared from 23 kg to 91 kg liveweight. Tower RSM or Candle RSM at the 15% level in corn-SBM based diets did not result in any adverse effects on ADG, feed intake or backfat thickness, but did increase F/G (P < 0.05). There were no differences in F/G between pigs fed Tower RSM and Candle RSM diets. Steam pelleting enhanced ADG (P < 0.01) and F/G (P < 0.05) across all three diets, but did not affect feed intake or backfat thickness. Barrows had higher (P < 0.01) ADG and backfat thickness than gilts, but did not differ in feed intake or F/G.

Evaluation of solvent and expeller linseed meals as protein sources for dairy cattle

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Khorasani ◽  
J. J. Kennelly ◽  
P. H. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Linseed Meal ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the nutritive value of expeller linseed meal (ELM) and solvent linseed meal (SLM) as protein supplements for lactating dairy cows utilizing analytical and in situ procedures, and determine the in vivo nutritive value of the most promising linseed meal in diets containing either barley or corn-based concentrate. Canola meal (CM) and soybean meal (SBM) were included in the evaluative stage for comparative purposes. Linseed meals contained 37.8 and 35.4% crude protein (CP); 22.6 and 25.9% neutral detergent fibre (NDF); and 12.9 and 7.1% crude fat for ELM and SLM, respectively. Rate and extent of dry matter, NDF, and CP digestion, as determined by the rumen in situ technique, indicated that ruminal digestibility of SLM was similar to that observed for CM, but ruminal escape of ELM protein was higher than for CM. The proportion of ruminal escape protein was similar for SLM, CM and SBM. Total tract CP digestibilities of SLM and CM were similar to and lower than those observed for ELM and SBM. Soybean meal had the highest total tract CP digestibility. Based on results of the analytical and in situ procedures, SLM was selected for evaluation in the in vivo experiment. Results indicated that SLM did not have any deleterious effect on digestion of other components of the diet, and parameters of rumen fermentation indicated similar digestion patterns for cows fed SLM and CM. Overall, results indicate that SLM has potential as a replacement for CM or SBM in diets of dairy cattle. It was also concluded that replacement of barley with corn does not influence the nutritive value of SLM for dairy cows. Key words: Linseed meal, canola meal, dairy cattle

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