scholarly journals Influence du mode d'utilisation de l'éclairage d'appoint sur la productivité et la physiologie de la tomate de serre

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 923-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Vézina ◽  
Marc J. Trudel ◽  
André Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Distribution Mode ◽  
Key Words Tomato ◽  
Supplemental Lighting ◽  
H 20

Tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum 'Vedettos') were submitted to 10 light treatments obtained by modifying the supplemental photosynthetic photon flux (FPP) (0, 100, 150 μmol m−2 s−1), the photoperiod (natural, 14 h, 17 h, 20 h, 24 h) and the light distribution mode (one or two dark periods). Supplemental light was supplied by high-pressure vapor sodium lamps (HPS). Our results showed that supplemental lighting at a level of 150 μmol m−2 s−1 (PAR) helped to maintain a weekly yield of over 1 kg m−2 during November, December and January. Prolongation of the photoperiod over 14 h did not increase the yield. Plants exposed to continuous lighting were damaged even if they had been previously exposed to long photoperiods (17 and 20 h). For photoperiods of 17 and 20 h, lighting during the night which generated two dark periods per day damaged the plants and reduced the yields. Key words: Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), greenhouse, supplemental lighting, continuous lighting, yield, physiological disorders

THE EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTAL LIGHTING ON WINTER FLOWERING OF TRANSPLANTED Gypsophila paniculata

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. HICKLENTON
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Gypsophila Paniculata ◽  
Production Strategies ◽  
Supplemental Lighting

Flowering of Gypsophila paniculata L. ’Bristol Fairy’ was promoted by supplemental lighting during the period September to February (fall) and January to June (spring) in greenhouses at latitude 45°N. Plants which received 42 or 63 d of night-time supplemental photosynthetic photon flux (PPF: 2000–0700 h; 93 μmol s−1 m−2 from high pressure sodium lamps) prior to transplanting flowered earlier and showed more vigorous vegetative growth than those subjected to only 21 d of supplemental PPF. Flowering did not occur in the fall crop for plants which received only low-level photoperiod extension lighting (8 μmol s−1 m−2, 2000–0700 h). Flowering in this cultivar is closely related to PPF during production as well as to photoperiod. Production strategies for northern greenhouses involving supplemental lighting treatments to plants prior to transplanting are suggested by these results.Key words: Gypsophila paniculata, supplemental lighting, flowering, long-day plant

High R/FR HPS-pulses enhance earliness of flowering of exacum (Exacum affine Balf. F.) and geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum L. H. Bailey)

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Tardif ◽  
Blanche Dansereau
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Light Treatment ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Ambient Light ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Top Dry Weight ◽  
Exacum Affine

Four consecutive crops (Fall 1988, Winter 1989, Summer 1989 and Fall 1989) of exacum (Exacum affine Balf. f. ’Elfin’) and geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum L. H. Bailey ’Hollywood Star’ and ’Hollywood Red’) were grown in a greenhouse under three lighting treatments: ambient: 16-h high pressure sodium (HPS) lighting of 100 μmol m−2 s−1 between 0600 and 2200 h; and 16 h HPS-pulse lighting (45 s shut off, 90 s recharge) once every hour between 0600 and 2200 h. The growth index [(height × width)/2] of exacum plants was similar, regardless of the light treatment used. However the growth index of both geranium cultivars receiving HPS-pulse lighting was significantly less than those receiving the two other treatments. Exacum top dry weight was 225% greater under pulse lighting than under ambient light. During fall 1988, HPS-pulse lighting increased flower dry weight of Hollywood Red by 400% and 87% compared to ambient and HPS lighting, respectively. Key words: Exacum affine, HPS-pulse, Pelargonium × hortorum, photomorphogenesis, photosynthesis, photosynthetic photon flux

scholarly journals Effects of a fungicide on the morphology and viability of pollens of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Öztürk Çali ◽  
Feyza Candan
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Pollen Morphology ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Polar View ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Equatorial View

Effects of Agri Fos 400 (Mono and di-potassium phosphanate), a fungicide widely used on tomatoes grown in greenhouses in Turkey against Phytophthora infestans were studied on the morphology and viability of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) pollens. The fungicide was applied on tomato plants at recommended dosage (4 ml/l water) and double the recommended dosage (8 ml/l water). The fungicide caused changes in the morphological structures of pollens. Some pollen morphological structures that are not observed in the control group were encountered in the pollens due to application of Agri Fos 400 in equatorial view at 8 ml/l and in polar view at 4 ml/l. Level of pollen viability decreased as the dosage increased.   Key words: Fungicide; Phytophthora infestans; Tomato; Pollen morphology; Viability DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i2.5134 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(2): 115-118, 2009 (December)

Influence du déficit de pression de vapeur et de la photopériode sur la croissance, la productivité et la composition minérale de la tomate de serre

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272
Author(s):  
D. Iraqi ◽  
L. Gauthier ◽  
M. Dorais ◽  
A. Gosselin
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Vapour Pressure ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Mineral Analysis ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Tomato Plants

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of four vapour pressure defecits (VPD) and three photoperiods on growth, yield and mineral composition of tomato plants. A factorial experiment was conducted from 28 July 1993 to 30 May 1994 in a greenhouse at Laval University Envirotron in Québec, Canada. Four day/night VPD treatments were compared: 1) 0,4/0,4 kPa, 2) 0,97/0,4 kPa, 3) VPD adjusted to a transpiration rate of 800 mL d−1 plant−1 and 4) 0,97/0,97 kPa. For each VPD treatment, three photoperiods were used: 1) 12 h, 2) 14 h and 3) seasonal progressive photoperiod of 12 to 16 h. The highest VPD significantly increased total and marketable yield, biomass and Ca, Mg, K, N and P contents of the leaves. Results obtained with adjusting the VPD to transpiration needs showed no significant differences with those obtained with the highest VPD. Photoperiod effects were not significant. Key words: Vapour pressure defecit, tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum, biomass, mineral analysis

scholarly journals High Pressure Sodium Irradiation and Infrared Radiation Accelerate Petunia Seedling Growth

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
David F. Graper ◽  
Will Healy
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Relative Growth

The increase in photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) and plant temperature associated with supplemental high pressure sodium (HPS) irradiation were investigated during Petunia × hybrids Villm. `Red Flash' seedling development. Seedlings were treated for 14 days following emergence or 5 days after the first true leaf had expanded to 1 mm. Treatments consisted of continuous infrared (IR) radiation (Ambient + IR), ambient conditions with spill-over radiation from adjacent treatments (Ambient - IR), root zone heating to 19.5C (RZ Heat), continuous HPS irradiation at 167 μmol·s-1.m-2 PPF (HPS + IR) or continuous HPS irradiation at 167 μmol-1·m-2 PPF filtered through a water bath to remove IR (HPS - IR). Linear regression of natural log-transformed fresh weights indicated that increasing ambient PPF 53% and elevating plant temperature 4.3C (HPS + IR) increased seedling relative growth rate (RGR) by 45% compared with the control (Ambient - IR). Elevating plant temperature with + IR by 4.8C without supplementing PPF (Ambient + IR) increased RGR by 31% but failed to increase fresh weight (FW) above controls and resulted in etiolated plants that were unsuitable for transplanting. Once plants were removed from supplemental treatment and returned to ambient conditions, RGR for all treatments was similar. The increased FW promoted by IR and HPS treatments was maintained for up to 7 days after treatment. Therefore, the increased seedling growth responses observed with HPS treatment were due primarily to an increase in RGR during HPS treatment that is not sustained beyond treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of Fosetyl-Al, a fungicide on meiosis of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Özturk Çali ◽  
Teoman Kesercioglu
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Recommended Dosage ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

Effects of Fosetyl-Al (80% Aliette WG 800), widely applied on tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) grown in greenhouse against Phytophthora infestans revealed that at recommended dosage (200 g/100 l water) and the double dosage (400 g/100 l water), the fungicide causes various anomalies in pollen meiosis. Key words: Fosetyl-A;, Fungicide; Lycopersicon esculentum; Meiosis; Pollens DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v39i2.7486 Bangladesh J. Bot. 39(2): 237-240, 2010 (December)

scholarly journals Supplemental Light Quality Affects Budbreak, Yield, and Vase Life of Cut Roses

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Roberts ◽  
M.J. Tsujita ◽  
B. Dansereau
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Vase Life ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
R:Fr Ratio ◽  
Metal Halide Lamps

Rosa ×hybrida `Samantha' plants were grown under high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps, HPS lamps fitted with blue gel filters to reduce the red to far-red (R:FR) ratio, or metal halide lamps. R: FR ratios were 1:0.95, 1:2, and 1:0.26 for HPS; filtered HPS, and metal halide, respectively. Although the R: FR ratio for metal halide was 3.5 times higher than for HPS, the total energy from 630 to 750 nm was 2.8 times lower. At a nighttime supplemental photosynthetic photon flux of 70 to 75 μmol·m-2.s-1, plants under HPS and metal halide lamps produced 49 % and 64% more flowering shoots, respectively, than those under filtered HPS (averaged over two crop cycles). The quality index for flowers under HPS, metal halide, and filtered HPS was 25.0, 23.3, and 18.5, respectively. Vase life was 10 to 11 days, regardless of treatment.

scholarly journals Comparison of Bedding Plant Seedlings Grown Under Sole-source Light-emitting Diodes (LEDs) and Greenhouse Supplemental Lighting from LEDs and High-pressure Sodium Lamps

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 705-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley C. Randall ◽  
Roberto G. Lopez
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Supplemental Lighting ◽  
Plant Seedlings ◽  
Led Arrays

To produce uniform, compact, and high-quality annual bedding plant seedlings in late winter through early spring, growers in northern latitudes must use supplemental lighting (SL) to achieve a photosynthetic daily light integral (DLI) of 10 to 12 mol·m−2·d−1. Alternatively, new lighting technologies may be used for sole-source photosynthetic lighting (SSL) to grow seedlings in an indoor high-density multilayer controlled environment. The objective of this study was to compare seedlings grown under low greenhouse ambient light (AL) to those grown under SL or SSL with a similar DLI. On hypocotyl emergence, seedlings of vinca (Catharanthus roseus), impatiens (Impatiens walleriana), geranium (Pelargonium ×hortorum), petunia (Petunia ×hybrida), and French marigold (Tagetes patula) were placed in a greenhouse under AL or AL plus SL delivering a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 70 µmol·m−2·s–1 for 16 hours, or under multilayer SSL delivering a PPF of 185 µmol·m−2·s–1 for 16 hours in a walk-in growth chamber. Supplemental lighting consisted of high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps or high-intensity light-emitting diode (LED) arrays with a red:blue light ratio (400–700 nm; %) of 87:13, and SSL consisted of LED arrays providing a red:blue light ratio (%) of 87:13 or 70:30. Root and shoot dry mass, stem diameter, relative chlorophyll content, and the quality index (a quantitative measurement of quality) of most species were generally greater under SSL and SL than under AL. In addition, height of geranium, petunia, and marigold was 5% to 26%, 62% to 79%, and 7% to 19% shorter, respectively, for seedlings grown under SSL compared with those under AL and SL. With the exception of impatiens, time to flower was similar or hastened for all species grown under SL or SSL compared with AL. Seedlings grown under SSL were of similar or greater quality compared with those under SL; indicating that LED SSL could be used as an alternative to traditional greenhouse seedling production.

SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING FOR RESEARCH GREENHOUSES

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. ANN CLARK ◽  
M. D. DEVINE
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Metal Halide ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Supplementary Lighting

The growth and development of six plant species were measured under a standardized photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) supplied by fluorescent, metal halide, or high-pressure sodium lamps. Overall, plant growth and seed yield were in the order of high-pressure sodium > metal halide > fluorescent. Although the units tested were unable to supply a uniform, high flux density, acceptable plant growth was achieved under the compromise arrangements used.Key words: Fluorescent, metal halide, high pressure sodium, supplementary lighting

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