EFFET DE LA FERTILISATION POTASSIQUE SUR LE RENDEMENT DE LA POMME DE TERRE EN RELATION AVEC L’ANALYSE DU SOL

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCEL GIROUX ◽  
W. VAN LIEROP
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Exponential Equation ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
K Fertilization

The effects of potassium fertilization on potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) grown on 40 experimental sites were related to tuber yields and soil test values. The data used in this work were gathered by seven research groups over a 25-yr period. Concentrations of exchangeable potassium (1 N NH4OAc, pH 7.0) in soils ranged from 28 to 462 kg K/ha. About 68% of the soils were classed as having a poor supply of available potassium, according to the criteria used until now in Quebec, because they contained less than 200 kg K/ha. A Mitscherlich exponential equation was fitted to the relationship between the percent of maximum yield and the concentration of available K in soils (R2 = 35.9%). The Cate-Nelson procedure was also used for ranking soils in three potassium fertility classes as indicated by their relative yields without K fertilization. The following classification of soil K levels was obtained: poor, soils containing less than 140 kg K/ha; intermediate, those containing between 141 and 300 kg K/ha; and sufficient, those containing more than 300 kg K/ha. The percent of maximum yield ranges obtained without K fertilization by these different soil fertility classes were: poor, from 34 to 98% with an average of 74%; intermediate, from 88 to 100% with an average of 95: and sufficient, from 93 to 100% with an average of 98%. The fertilization rates required to obtain or maintain maximum yields by these respective classes were 175, 130 and 80 kg K/ha. Potassium fertilization increased yields significantly on the soils that had a poor K supply only. Nonetheless, the average tuber yield indicated that a 5% increase in yield might be obtained with K fertilization on the intermediate soils and this increase would easily be profitable. Potassium fertilization of the soils classed sufficient would, however, only maintain soil fertility by supplying part of the K requirement of this crop.

Using soil testing and petiole analysis to determine phosphorus fertiliser requirements of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Delaware) in the Manjimup-Pemberton region of Western Australia

2000 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 107 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hegney ◽  
I. R. McPharlin ◽  
R. C. Jeffery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Soil Testing ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Versus Level ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
The Relationship

Field experiments were conducted over 3 years at 21 sites of varying phosphorus (P) fertiliser histories (Colwell P range: 9–170 g/g) in the Manjimup–Pemberton region of Western Australia to examine the effects of freshly applied (current) and previously applied (residual or soil test ) P on the yield of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Delaware). Phosphorus was placed (banded) at planting, 5 cm either side of and below seed planted at 20 cm depth, at levels up to 800 kg P/ha. Exponential [y = a – b exp (–cx)] regressions were fitted to the relationship between tuber yield and level of applied P at all sites. Weighted (according to the variance) exponential regressions were fitted to the relationship between yield responsiveness (b/a, from the yield versus level of applied P relationship) and Colwell P, and two P sorption indices—phosphate adsorption (P-adsorb) and a modified phosphate retention index (PRI(100)). A weighted exponential regression was also fitted to the relationship between the level of applied P required for 95% of maximum yield (Popt; also from yield versus level of applied P) and P-adsorb and PRI(100). A weighted linear regression best described the relationship between Popt and Colwell P. Phosphorus application significantly (P<0.10; from the regression analysis) increased total tuber yield at all but 4 sites. Marketable tuber yield response paralleled total tuber yield response at all sites and averaged 85% of total yields (range 63–94%). Colwell P gave a good prediction of the likely yield response of potatoes across all sites. For example, the yield responsiveness (b/a) of potatoes in relation to Colwell P decreased exponentially from 1.07 at 0 g/g to 0, or no yield response, at 157 g/g Colwell P (R2 = 0.96) i.e. the critical Colwell P for 95% of maximum yield of potatoes on soils in the Manjimup–Pemberton region. Similarly, no yield response (b/a = 0) would be expected at a P-adsorb of 180 g/g (R2 = 0.69) or a PRI(100) of 46 (R2 = 0.61). The level of applied P required for 95% of maximum yield (Popt) decreased linearly from 124 kg/ha on infertile sites (<5 g/g Colwell P) to 0 kg P/ha at 160 g/g Colwell P (R2 = 0.66). However, a more accurate prediction of Popt was possible using either P-adsorb or PRI(100). For example, Popt increased exponentially from 0 kg/ha at <181 g/g P-adsorb (high P soils) to 153 kg/ha at a P-adsorb of 950 g/g (low P soils) (R2 = 0.75) and exponentially from 0 kg/ha at a PRI(100) of <48 (high P soils) to 147 kg/ha at a PRI(100) of 750 (low P soils) (R2 = 0.80). PRI(100) is preferred as a soil test to predict Popt for potatoes in the Manjimup–Pemberton region because of its superior accuracy to the Colwell test. It is also preferred to P-adsorb because of both superior accuracy and lower cost as it is a simpler and less time consuming procedure — features which are important for adoption by commercial soil testing services. A multiple regression including Colwell P, P-adsorb and PRI(100) only improved the prediction of Popt slightly (R2 = 0.89) over PRI(100) alone. When tubers were 10 mm long, the total P in petioles of youngest fully expanded leaves which corresponded with 95% of maximum yield was 0.41% (dry weight basis). These results show that, while the Colwell soil P test is a useful predictor of the responsiveness of potato yield to applied P across a range of soils in the Manjimup–Pemberton region, consideration of both the soil test P value and the P sorption capacity of the soil, as determined here by PRI(100), is required for accurate predictions of the level of P fertiliser required to achieve maximum yields on individual sites.

Response of winter-grown potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) to applied and residual phosphorus on a Karrakatta sand

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
M. A. Hegney ◽  
I. R. McPharlin ◽  
R. C. Jeffery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Soil Test P

Summary. The response of winter-grown potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Delaware), as determined by yield, to applied (broadcast) phosphorus (P) (0–480 kg/ha) and to residual P was measured on an acutely P-deficient, newly cleared Karrakatta sand in experiments over 2 years. Tuber yield responded significantly (P<0.001) to level of applied P. Phosphorus at 162 kg/ha was necessary for 99% of maximum total yield, which corresponded to maximum economic yield. For 95% of maximum yield 99 kg/ha was necessary. Phosphorus recovery efficiency by tubers (P uptake by tubers/P applied, both in kg/ha) decreased from 0.14 at 30 kg P/ha to 0.04 at 480 kg P/ha. Bicarbonate-soluble P (soil test P) extracted from the top 15 cm of soil was determined on residual P sites in each experiment to which P was applied (as superphosphate) 9 months earlier at levels from 0 to 800 kg/ha. These soil test P levels were related (R2 = 0.91) to total tuber yield. The soil test P level required for 95% of maximum total yield was 33 g/g and for 99% was 51 µg/g. When tubers were 10 mm long, the total P in petioles of youngest fully expanded leaves which corresponded to 95% of maximum yield was 0.7% (dry weight basis), and for 99% was 0.87%. These results, while based on responses measured at 2 sites only, provide strong evidence that maximum yield of winter-grown potatoes on Karrakatta sands can be achieved with lower levels of P fertiliser than are currently used in commercial practice (125–300 kg P/ha). The results also show that soil testing can be used to improve the P management of potato crops grown on the sandy soils of the Swan coastal plain.

K-MEANS CLUSTERING ALGORITHM BASED CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL FERTILITY IN NORTH WEST NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 780-787
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Hassan Hayatu ◽  
Abdullahi Mohammed ◽  
Barroon Ahmad Isma’eel ◽  
Sahabi Yusuf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
North West ◽  
R Programming ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Northwest Region ◽  
The Relationship

Soil fertility determines a plant's development process that guarantees food sufficiency and the security of lives and properties through bumper harvests. The fertility of soil varies according to regions, thereby determining the type of crops to be planted. However, there is no repository or any source of information about the fertility of the soil in any region in Nigeria especially the Northwest of the country. The only available information is soil samples with their attributes which gives little or no information to the average farmer. This has affected crop yield in all the regions, more particularly the Northwest region, thus resulting in lower food production.  Therefore, this study is aimed at classifying soil data based on their fertility in the Northwest region of Nigeria using R programming. Data were obtained from the department of soil science from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The data contain 400 soil samples containing 13 attributes. The relationship between soil attributes was observed based on the data. K-means clustering algorithm was employed in analyzing soil fertility clusters. Four clusters were identified with cluster 1 having the highest fertility, followed by 2 and the fertility decreases with an increasing number of clusters. The identification of the most fertile clusters will guide farmers on where best to concentrate on when planting their crops in order to improve productivity and crop yield.

Yield and phosphorus nutrition of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. ‘Delaware’ grown on a yellow Karrakatta sand containing freshly- and previously-applied Alkaloam - gypsum

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. Robertson ◽  
I. R. McPharlin ◽  
R. C. Jeffery
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Test Standards ◽  
Unamended Soil ◽  
Legal Limits ◽  
Phosphorus Fertiliser

Summary. Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) cv. ‘Delaware’ were grown over winter on a yellow Karrakatta sand amended with Alkaloam–gypsum (AG; previously referred to as red mud–gypsum) at up to 240 t/ha, both freshly-applied (2 experiments) and applied 2.5 years earlier (1 experiment). Several levels of phosphorus fertiliser (0–600 kg P/ha) were applied to the freshly-applied AG and a single level (600 kg P/ha) was applied to the previously-applied AG. Amendment of the soil with 60 t AG/ha (freshly-applied) doubled the amount of fertiliser phosphorus retained in the top 30 cm of soil when 100 kg P/ha was applied. On freshly-applied AG, bicarbonate-extractable phosphorus showed an upward trend with level of AG, being 16 mg/kg (0–15 cm) at 0 t AG/ha and 34 mg/kg at 90 t AG/ha. This will decrease phosphorus fertiliser requirements in the following potato crop by 49% relative to unamended soil based on previously published soil test standards. Amendment with freshly-applied AG increased the level of applied phosphorus required for 99% of maximum petiole phosphorus concentration by 46 and 139% in the 2 experiments compared with unamended soil. Maximum yield was significantly reduced by 7–10% at 60 t/ha of freshly-applied AG compared with unamended soil while on residual AG it was only reduced at 240 t/ha (12%) (trend only). Yield reductions were not correlated with a reduced availability of phosphorus, however, they may have been due to a reduced availability of potassium. The concentrations in the tubers of antimony, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, lead, mercury and nickel did not exceed legal limits on soil amended with AG.

scholarly journals 650 PB 022 DIFFERENT LETTUCE TYPES RESPOND SIMILARLY TO P FERTILIZATION

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 525g-526
Author(s):  
N.M. El-Hout ◽  
C.A. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
P Fertilization ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Soil Test P ◽  
The Relationship

The production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) types other than crisphead (i.e., leaf, boston, bibb, and romaine) has recently increased due to expanding consumer demand. Fertilizer P recommendations for these lettuce types are largely based on soil-test calibrations for the crisphead type only. However, biomass production and morphological traits of the different lettuce types vary. Four field experiments were conducted to compare the relative efficiencies of these lettuce types to P fertilization. All lettuce types showed large yield and quality responses to P. Because environmental conditions affected yield potential, P rates required for optimal yield varied by lettuce type within experiments. However, the P rates required for optimal yield were similar over all experiments. Furthermore, the relationship between relative yield and soil-test P across all seasons showed a similar soil-test P level was required for maximum yield of all lettuce types. The results of this study show that soil-test-based fertilizer recommendations for crisphead lettuce may be adequate for all lettuce types

scholarly journals Nitrogen and potassium fertilization in yield and macronutrients contents of heliconia cv. Golden Torch

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márkilla Z. Beckmann-Cavalcante ◽  
Genilda C. Amaral ◽  
Alcimar de S. e Silva ◽  
Leonardo P. da S. Brito ◽  
Augusto M. N. Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
K Fertilization

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilization in yield and contents of macronutrients in heliconia plants (Heliconia psittacorum x Heliconia spathocircinata Aristeguieta) cv. Golden Torch. The experiment was set in a randomized block design, in a 4 x 4 factorial, corresponding to N doses (0, 120, 180 and 240 g of N hole-1) and K doses (0, 120, 180 and 240 g of K2O hole-1) with four replicates and five rhizomes per plot, under field conditions. After one year of cultivation, yield (number of flower stems per square meter) and the leaf contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S were determined. The applied N doses did not influence either yield or the leaf contents of the evaluated macronutrients. K fertilization favored the increase in leaf K content and the decrease in the contents of P, Ca and Mg in leaves of heliconias. Under the conditions of this experiment, it is recommended to apply 161.46 g of K2O hole-1 for a maximum yield of 9.89 stems m-2 per month.

scholarly journals Potassium Rates Affect Yield of Two Muskmelon Varieties in Florida

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 593a-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro O. Pacheco ◽  
G.J. Hochmuth ◽  
D.N. Maynard ◽  
A.A. Csizinszky ◽  
S.A. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Current Recommendation ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Minor Crops ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Yield Responses ◽  
Spring Yield ◽  
K Fertilization

Optimum economic yield is produced when nutrients in the proper amounts are supplied to the crop. Crop nutrient requirements (CNR) of essential elements have been determined for the major vegetables produced in Florida. However, for minor crops, such as muskmelon, little research has been conducted to determine the CNR, especially potassium. In many vegetables, yield has responded to increasing K rates when other elements were not limiting. Our objective was to determine the K fertility requirement for optimum yield of muskmelon and to evaluate the Mehlich-1 soil test calibration for soil testing low in K (<20 mg·kg–1). Experiments were conducted in the spring and fall seasons of 1995. Potassium at five rates (0, 56, 112, 168, and 224 kg·ha–1) was injected weekly, approximating the growth curve of `Galia' and `Mission'. There were significant yield responses to K fertilization for both cultivars during both seasons. During spring, average marketable yield was 14.5, 26.1, 31.9, 31.5, and 36.3 Mg·ha–1 and for fall, average marketable yield was 15.8, 32.9, 37.8, 37.2, and 36.4 Mg·ha–1 for the previously described K treatments, respectively. The cultivar response for both seasons was described by a linear-plateau model. In spring, yield was maximized with K at 116.8 and 76.3 kg·ha–1 for `Galia' and `Mission', respectively. In fall, K at 73.3 and 68.3 kg·ha–1 produced the peak response for the same cultivars. These results indicate that maximum yield of muskmelon in Florida can be obtained at considerably less K than the current recommendation of 140 kg·ha–1.

Effect of phosphorus fertiliser on the yield of potato tubers (Solanum tuberosum L.) and the prediction of tuber yield response by soil analysis

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Maier ◽  
KA Potocky-Pacay ◽  
JM Jacka ◽  
CMJ Williams
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Phosphorus Extraction ◽  
Bray 1

Field experiments were conducted over 6 years at 33 sites throughout the main potato growing areas of South Australia to examine the effects of applied phosphorus (banded at planting), at rates up to 300 kg/ha, on the total yield and size distribution of tubers and to calibrate, in terms of total yield, 8 soil phosphorus extraction procedures (Colwell, Olsen, Bray 1, Bray 2, Mehlich no. 1, lactate, fluoride and total). Phosphorus application significantly (P< 0.05) increased total tuber yield at 16 sites. The mean relative yield for these responsive sites was 69.7% (range 37.4- 91.2%) compared with 97.5% (range 88.0-102.5%) for the non-responsive sites. Tuber size distributions were determined at 13 sites and, depending on site and cultivar, the yield of 80-450 g tubers for the highest yielding treatments represented from 64.2 to 93.7% of the total yield of tubers for those treatments. For each soil phosphorus extraction procedure the Mitscherlich and Smith-Dolby bent-hyperbola models and the Cate-Nelson separation were used to investigate the correlations between yield response and extractable and total phosphorus in the surface (0- 15 cm) soil samples and to calculate critical values. For loamy sand to sandy clay loam surface soils, the order of efficacy of soil tests based on the coefficients of determination (r2) calculated using the Mitscherlich and Smith-Dolby bent-hyperbola models was Bray 1 and Bray 2 > Olsen > lactate, Mehlich no. 1, fluoride and Colwell. The coefficients of determination ranged from 0.88 (Bray 1) to 0.64 (Colwell) for the Smith-Dolby bent-hyperbola model and from 0.86 (Bray 1) to 0.65 (fluoride) for the Mitscherlich model. Yield response was not correlated with total phosphorus concentration. Using the Smith-Dolby benthyperbola model the critical phosphorus values (s.e. in parentheses) were: 25.8(1.8), 40.9(2.6), l6.8(1.4), 13.9(1.0), 38.4(3.1), 24.2(2.9) and 35.1(3.0) mg/kg for the Bray 1, Bray 2, Olsen, lactate, fluoride, Mehlich no. 1 and Colwell methods, respectively. Yield deficits >20% were associated with phosphorus soil test values t 2 0 mg/kg (Bray 1 method) and P-sorption values >240 mg/kg. Rates of 48-73 kg P/ha banded at planting were required for 95% of maximum yield at the deficient sites. For acid coarse-grain sand surface soils, significant Cate-Nelson separations were obtained for the Colwell, Bray 1, Bray 2, Mehlich no. 1 and fluoride methods, the critical phosphorus values were 7.5, 7.0, 5.5, 6.5 and 8.0 mg/kg, respectively. The order of efficacy of the soil tests was Bray 2 (r2 = 0.66) >Bray 1, Colwell, Mehlich no. 1 and fluoride (all r2 = 0.55). Yield deficits >10% were associated with soil test values t 6 mg/kg (Bray 1 method). Rates of 27-59 kg P/ha banded at planting were required for 95% of maximum yield at the deficient sites. Data are presented which suggest that for similar soil types and extraction procedures critical values or critical concentration ranges may apply across a range of growing conditions, planting times and cultivars.

scholarly journals Application of Mitscherlich-Bray equation to formulate fertilizer recommendations for sweetpotato in Leyte, Philippines

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Luz Asio ◽  
Nenita de la Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendation ◽  
Theoretical Maximum ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Fertilizer Rates

Until now, no studies have been conducted in the Philippines on the use of the Mitscherlich-Bray equation to formulate NPK fertilizer recommendation for sweetpotato. This study used the Mitscherlich-Bray equation to formulate NPK requirements for sweetpotato. Independent experimental set-ups of N (7 application levels), P (6 levels), and K (9 levels) arranged in RCBD with three replications were simultaneously conducted. Theoretical maximum yield, NPK constants c, and c, NPK fertilizer recommendations for sweetpotato at different soil fertility levels, and optimum fertilizer rates were calculated. Fertilizer recommendations for a common range of soil test values were developed but needed further field verification trials. Theoretical maximum yields determined by the Mitscherlich-Bray equation were 19.05, 12.66, and 14.88t ha-1 for NPK, respectively. The study showed that inherent soil fertility is vital in the development of fertilizer recommendation for sweetpotato not only to increase root yield but likewise to increase overall productivity. It showed that 30, 50, and 60 percent of the maximum possible yield was attributed to the inherent soil N, P, and K, respectively. N, P2O5, and K2O recommendations for sweetpotato were computed based on a common range of soil test values ranging from 50 to 300, 5to 40, and 200 to 700kg ha1 NPK, respectively.

Predicting the response of irrigated perennial pasture to superphosphate in Victoria

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. P. Gourley ◽  
G. S. James
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
P Value ◽  
Soil Test ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Relative Response ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Level ◽  
Annual Application

Experiments were conducted at 42 sites in the northern and south-eastern irrigation districts of Victoria to determine the relationship between extractable phosphorus (P) using the Olsen P soil test, and response of irrigated perennial pasture to an annual application of superphosphate. Relative responses (the response relative to the maximum yield, P non-limiting) were measured over 4 seasons (summer, autumn, winter, and spring). At 12 of these sites, selected from a range of soils with different clay contents, the effect of clay content on the curvature of the pasture dry mass (DM) response was determined. Different soil-sampling methods, with the surface organic mat included or excluded from the sample, were used to measure Olsen P. A well-defined linear model described the relationship between Olsen P values of soil sampled using these two methods. There was no significant effect of season on the relationship between relative response and Olsen P value. There was also no significant relationship between the curvature of the response to applied P and clay content of the soil. The derived relationship between Olsen P soil test level and relative response to applied fertiliser accounted for only 14 · 6% of the variation and it appears that other factors are markedly affecting irrigated pasture response to applied superphosphate. The accumulation of organic matter on the surface of irrigated perennial pastures may be influencing nutrient availability and pasture growth, and warrants further investigation.

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