INTERPRETATION SHEETS FOR ENGINEERING CLASSIFICATIONS IN SOIL SURVEYS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. WILSON
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Time Element ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Soil Surveys ◽  
Engineering Soil ◽  
Engineering Classification ◽  
Mapping Units

The UNIFIED and AASHTO systems are used in engineering to classify soils for specific purposes. To facilitate use of the soil surveys by engineers, it has been customary to interpret soil survey mapping units in terms of these engineering classification systems. The procedure, however, is often difficult to follow and normally time-consuming. When used in combination with pedotechnical setting sheets, interpretation sheets reduce this time element and provide for more effective use of the soil survey information. This paper demonstrates development and application of the interpretation sheets. Key words: Engineering soil classification, pedotechnical interpretations, UNIFIED, AASHTO, soil engineering

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of a Detailed and Semi-Detailed Soil Mapping for Sustainable Land Management Using Conventional and Currently Applied Methodologies in Greece

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestis Kairis ◽  
Vassiliki Dimitriou ◽  
Chrysoula Aratzioglou ◽  
Dionisios Gasparatos ◽  
Nicholas Yassoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Classification ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Soil Surveys

Two soil mapping methodologies at different scales applied in the same area were compared in order to investigate the potential of their combined use to achieve an integrated and more accurate soil description for sustainable land use management. The two methodologies represent the main types of soil mapping systems used and still applied in soil surveys in Greece. Diomedes Botanical Garden (DBG) (Athens, Greece) was used as a study area because past cartographic data of soil survey were available. The older soil survey data were obtained via the conventional methodology extensively used over time since the beginnings of soil mapping in Greece (1977). The second mapping methodology constitutes the current soil mapping system in Greece recently used for compilation of the national soil map. The obtained cartographic and soil data resulting from the application of the two methodologies were analyzed and compared using appropriate geospatial techniques. Even though the two mapping methodologies have been performed at different mapping scales, using partially different mapping symbols and different soil classification systems, the description of the soils based on the cartographic symbols of the two methodologies presented an agreement of 63.7% while the soil classification by the two taxonomic systems namely Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base for Soil Resources had an average coincidence of 69.5%.

Amalgamation and Harmonization of Soil Survey Reports into a Multi-purpose Database

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Robert Furze ◽  
Paul Arp
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
Soil Surveys

There is a growing demand for standardized, easily accessible and detailed information pertaining to soil and its variability across the landscape. Typically, this information is only available for select areas in the form of local or regional soil surveys reports which are difficult, and costly, to develop. Additionally, soil surveying protocols have changed with time, resulting in inconsistencies between surveys conducted over different periods. This article describes systematic procedures applied to generate an aspatial, terminologically- and unit-consistent, database for forest soils from county-based soil survey reports for the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The procedures involved (i) amalgamating data from individual soil surveys following a hierarchical framework, (ii) summarizing and grouping soil information by soil associations, (iii) assigning correct soil associates to each association, with each soil associate distinguished by drainage classification, (iv) assigning pedologically-correct horizon sequences, as identified in the original soil surveys, to each soil associate, (v) assigning horizon descriptors and measured soil properties to each horizon, as outlined by the Canadian System of Soil Classification, and (vi) harmonizing units of measurement for individual soil properties. Identification and summarization of all soil associations (and corresponding soil associates) was completed with reference to the principal soil-forming factors, namely soil parent material, topographic surface expressions, soil drainage, and dominant vegetation type(s). This procedure, utilizing 17 soil surveys, resulted in an amalgamated database containing 106 soil associations, 243 soil associates, and 522 soil horizon sequences summarizing the variability of forest soil conditions across New Brunswick.

Major Arable Soils of the Tropics :A Descriptive Grouping Based on Clay Mineralogy

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony S. R. Juo ◽  
Kathrin Franzluebbers
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Clay Mineralogy ◽  
Soil Management ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Detailed Interpretation ◽  
The Tropics

Several pedological soil classification schemes have been developed to classify soils worldwide based on morphological features, stage of weathering, and to some extent their chemical and physical properties. Three soil classification systems are commonly used as research and teaching tools in the tropics, namely, the USDA Soil Taxonomy classification, the FAO/UNESCO World Soil Legends, and the French soil classification system. Brazil, the country with the largest land area in the tropics, has its own national soil classification system. However, soil survey, classification, and interpretation are costly and time-consuming, and few countries in the tropics have completed soil maps that are at a scale detailed enough to be useful to farmers and land users. In the absence of soil information at state, county or farm level, the authors propose a simple descriptive grouping of major soils in the tropics based on clay mineralogy to facilitate discussion on soil management and plant production in the subsequent chapters of this book. Reference to the Soil Taxonomy classification will be made when such information is available. It should be pointed out that the main purpose of this technical grouping is to provide field workers, especially those who are less familiar with the various soil classification systems, with a simple framework for planning soil management strategies. It by no means replaces the national and international soil taxonomy and classification systems that are designed for communication among soil scientists and for more detailed interpretation of soil survey data and land-use planning. This technical scheme classifies major arable soils in the tropics into four groupings according to their dominant clay mineralogy. They are • kaolinitic soils • oxidic soils • allophanic soils • smectitic soils Kaolinitic soils are deeply weathered soils with a sand, loamy sand, or sandy loam texture in the surface horizon and a clayey B horizon (20-60%). Silt content is low (< 20%) throughout the profile. Kaolinite (> 90%) is the dominant mineral in the clay fraction. These soils have an effective CEC of less than 12 cmol/kg of clay in the lower B horizon. Kaolinitic soils have a relatively high bulk density, especially in the clayey subsoil horizons (> 1.40 Mg/m3). The structure of the subsoil horizons is usually massive or blocky.

The Soil Survey and Its Value in the Ad Valorem Taxation of Privately Owned Timberland

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-208
Author(s):  
R. Bruce Harding ◽  
Robert D. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Suitable Site ◽  
Soil Surveys ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Mapping Units

Abstract The use of detailed county soil surveys for predicting site productivity was evaluated for taxation purposes. One hundred and thirty permanent forest inventory plots containing suitable site index trees for loblolly pine (Pinus teada L.) were located on 11 different soil mapping units in the Sam Houston National Forest in Texas. The correlation between the field site indices for the mapping units and the site indexes projected by the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) was extremely low (r = .10). Analysis of variance for the soil mapping units suggested that the actual average site index between mapping units was significantly different. Duncan's multiple range test, however, showed that these differences were limited to those soils having extreme site index values, with the majority of the mapping units showing no significant difference in productivity. Detailed county soil surveys provided an inadequate basis for determination of productivity as defined by site index for taxation purposes.

A history of soil classification and soil survey in Canada: Personal perspectives

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (5) ◽  
pp. 675-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darwin W. Anderson ◽  
C. A. Scott Smith
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
Personal Perspectives ◽  
Land Inventory ◽  
Soil Surveys ◽  
Hard Cover

Anderson, D. W. and Smith, C. A. S. 2011. A history of soil classification and soil survey in Canada: Personal perspectives. Can. J. Soil Sci. 91: 675–694. This paper presents an overview of soil classification and soil survey in Canada based on both historical documentation and the personal experiences and perspectives of the two authors. The first soil surveys in Canada beginning in Ontario in 1914 are described along with the earliest systems of soil classification. The roots of the current system of soil classification in Canada can be traced back to the establishment of the first meeting of the National Soil Survey Committee (later the Canada Soil Survey Committee) held in Ottawa in 1945. The Committee met every 2 to 3 years and a hard-cover “first” edition, “The Canadian System of Soil Classification” was published in 1978 and a slightly revised second edition in 1987. The third edition (1998) includes a more complete key and a tenth order, the Vertisolic Order. The four to five decades starting in the late 1940s were the glory years for soil survey in Canada, with well-funded and productive programs in all provinces and territories, with major outputs like the Canada Land Inventory. The period between mid 1990s and 2010 saw declining activity in new field survey and reductions in staff levels by government agencies, but a rise in private sector soil survey, largely for environmental assessment purposes. There is a renewed and on-going interest in and need for soil information. The challenge for pedologists is to provide reliable information in innovative and proactive ways.

scholarly journals GIS IN SOIL SURVEY AND SOIL MAPPING

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Perparim Ameti ◽  
Besim Ajvazi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Soil Surveys

The main goal of this paper is to present a methodology for land evaluation by supporting decision-makers with reliable information for the land-use planning process. One of the focuses of this paper is given to the survey process and interpretation between soil survey, soil survey interpretation, and physical land evaluation. Such processes are realized using mobile mapping tools with integrated Global Position Systems (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Both have increased the efficiency of data communication technologies by enabling real-time communication between people located in the field and office as well. For the soil classification as a key component of soil surveys is used World Reference Base (WRB) for Soil Resources. This is a common tool to summarize the wealth of information from soil profiles for the purpose of land evaluation. The final results showed a soil classification map. Such results are derived from many activities, since it includes a preliminary land evaluation, field soil survey with auger holes and profiles as well. This methodology is used for the first time in the selected study area.

COMPARISON OF CANADIAN AND AMERICAN CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS FOR SOME ARCTIC SOILS OF THE UNGAVA-LABRADOR PENINSULA

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. HENDERSHOT
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Shallow Depth ◽  
American System ◽  
Arctic Soils ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Definition Of

Thirteen pedons in an arctic environment were classified according to the Canadian and American systems of soil classification. Major differences in groupings result from the contrasting approaches. Although the definition used in Canada to define Cryosols is sometimes difficult to apply in the field, the underlying concept is valid, since soils with permafrost at a shallow depth should be separated at the highest level of classification. The American system virtually ignores the influence of permafrost on pedogenesis. Its reliance on soil temperature regimes at both the great group and subgroup levels is redundant. It is suggested that the definition of Cryosols, in the Canadian system, be changed to include strongly cryoturbated soils with very cold or colder soil temperature regimes. The American system should be altered to provide for pergelic great groups; in addition permafrost and strong cryoturbation should be used to create new subgroups. The requirement that a cambic horizon have a texture finer than loamy fine sand should be waived in soils having cryic or pergelic soil temperature regimes. Key words: Cryosols, cryoturbated soils, permafrost, pergelic soils

CLASSIFICATION, MACROMORPHOLOGY AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FOLISOLS FROM BRITISH COLUMBIA

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. FOX ◽  
C. TARNOCAI ◽  
R. TROWBRIDGE
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Organic Material ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Organic Soil ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Western Hemlock ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Expert Committee

The Folisol great group within the Organic soil order was expanded by the Expert Committee on Soil Survey to include the subgroups Hemic, Humic, Lignic and Histic Folisols. Representative Folisols from the Coastal Western Hemlock biogeoclimatic zone in British Columbia were studied to document the macromorphology and chemical characteristics of these subgroups. A proposal for improving F and H horizon designations is also presented. This documentation and improvements to the classification system provide a better basis for the soil surveyor to recognize and account for thick accumulations (> 40 cm) of folic materials overlying mineral or peat materials as well as accumulations (> 10 cm) over rock or fragmental material. Key words: Folisols, organic material, soil classification, Organic soil order

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