Phenotypic diversity in four woody species on the Canadian prairies

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Chowdhury ◽  
S. Jana ◽  
W. R. Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Elaeagnus Angustifolia ◽  
Russian Olive ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Semi Arid

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for plant adaptation and maintenance of a sustainable ecosystem. Not much information is available on the genetic diversity of woody species on the semi-arid Canadian prairies. We used RAPD fragments to assess the diversity of four woody species of the Elaeagnaceae family, sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.), Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.), buffaloberry (Shepherdia argentea Nutt.) and silverberry (Elaeagnus commutata Bernh. Ex Rydb.) collected from several locations in southwestern Saskatchewan. The RAPD fragments were used to generate molecular data for this experiment. Of the total scorable RAPD fragments, 86, 80, 55.2, and 36.5% were polymorphic in sea buckthorn, buffaloberry, silverberry and Russian olive, respectively. Estimates of phenotypic diversity by AMOVA and Shanon's information index revealed that buffaloberry and sea buckthorn had relatively high phenotypic diversity and Russian olive had low phenotypic diversity. Key words: Sea buckthorn, silverberry, buffaloberry, Russian olive, RAPD, phenotypic diversity, Hippophae, Elaeagnus, Shepherdia

Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) genetic diversity in the western United States and implications for biological control

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Gaskin ◽  
Jose A. Andrés ◽  
Steven M. Bogdanowicz ◽  
Kimberly R. Guilbault ◽  
Ruth A. Hufbauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Elaeagnus Angustifolia ◽  
Genetic Cluster ◽  
Russian Olive ◽  
Geographic Population

AbstractInvasions can be genetically diverse, and that diversity may have implications for invasion management in terms of resistance or tolerance to control methods. We analyzed the population genetics of Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifoliaL.), an ecologically important and common invasive tree found in many western U.S. riparian areas. We found three cpDNA haplotypes and, using 11 microsatellite loci, identified three genetic clusters in the 460 plants from 46 populations in the western United States. We found high levels of polymorphism in the microsatellites (5 to 15 alleles per locus; 106 alleles total). Our native-range sampling was limited, and we did not find a genetic match for the most common cpDNA invasive haplotype or a strong confirmation of origin for the most common microsatellite genetic cluster. We did not find geographic population structure (isolation by distance) across the U.S. invasion, but we did identify invasive populations that had the most diversity, and we suggest these as choices for initial biological control–release monitoring. Accessions from each genetic cluster, which coarsely represent the range of genetic diversity found in the invasion, are now included in potential classical biological control agent efficacy testing.

scholarly journals Assessment of genetic diversity in the Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) based on ISSR genetic markers

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Sadat Asadiar ◽  
Fatemeh Rahmani ◽  
Abbas Siami
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Elaeagnus Angustifolia ◽  
Russian Olive

scholarly journals Assessing the Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of a Tunisian Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Collection Using Phenotypic Traits and SSR Molecular Markers

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Hela Chikh-Rouhou ◽  
Najla Mezghani ◽  
Sameh Mnasri ◽  
Neila Mezghani ◽  
Ana Garcés-Claver
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Crop Improvement ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure

The assessment of genetic diversity and structure of a gene pool is a prerequisite for efficient organization, conservation, and utilization for crop improvement. This study evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of 24 Tunisian melon accessions, by using 24 phenotypic traits and eight microsatellite (SSR) markers. A considerable phenotypic diversity among accessions was observed for many characters including those related to agronomical performance. All the microsatellites were polymorphic and detected 30 distinct alleles with a moderate (0.43) polymorphic information content. Shannon’s diversity index (0.82) showed a high degree of polymorphism between melon genotypes. The observed heterozygosity (0.10) was less than the expected heterozygosity (0.12), displaying a deficit in heterozygosity because of selection pressure. Molecular clustering and structure analyses based on SSRs separated melon accessions into fivegroups and showed an intermixed genetic structure between landraces and breeding lines belonging to the different botanical groups. Phenotypic clustering separated the accessions into two main clusters belonging to sweet and non-sweet melon; however, a more precise clustering among inodorus, cantalupensis, and reticulatus subgroups was obtained using combined phenotypic–molecular data. The discordance between phenotypic and molecular data was confirmed by a negative correlation (r = −0.16, p = 0.06) as revealed by the Mantel test. Despite these differences, both markers provided important information about the diversity of the melon germplasm, allowing the correct use of these accessions in future breeding programs. Together they provide a powerful tool for future agricultural and conservation tasks.

scholarly journals Morphometric analysis and sequence related amplified polymorphism determine genetic diversity in Salvia species

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 12153
Author(s):  
Abdul SHAKOOR ◽  
Fang ZHAO ◽  
Gul ZAIB ◽  
Wuyang LI ◽  
Xincan LAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Salvia species is a member of the Lamiaceae family, and it also possesses medicinal and horticulture values. The genetic diversity was assessed through sequence-related amplified polymorphism. To uncover genetic diversity and species characteristics in Salvia species were studied through a combination of morphological and molecular data. One hundred forty-five individuals related to 30 Salvia were collected in 18 provinces. A total of 157 (Number of total loci) (NTL) DNA bands were produced through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from 30 Salvia species. These bands were produced with the combinations of 10 selective primers. The total number of amplified fragments ranged from 10 to 20. The predicted unbiased heterozygosity (H) varied between 0.11 (Salvia urmiensis) and 0.31 (Salvia limbata). High Shannon’s information index was detected in Salvia limbata. The genetic similarities between 30 species are estimated from 0.46 to 0.91. Clustering results showed two major clusters. According to the SRAP (Sequence-related amplified polymorphism) markers analysis, Salvia hydrangea and Salvia sharifii had the lowest similarity. Salvia bracteata and Salvia suffruticosa were genetically dissimilar to each other. This study also detected a significant signature of isolation by distance. Present results showed that sequence-related amplified polymorphism has the potential to decipher genetic affinity between Salvia species. Current results have implications in biodiversity and conservation programs. Besides this, present results could pave the way for selecting suitable ecotypes for forage and pasture purposes in Iran.

scholarly journals Dissection of Allelic Variation Underlying Floral and Fruit Traits in Flare Tree Peony (Paeonia rockii) Using Association Mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Guo ◽  
Chunyan He ◽  
Fangyun Cheng ◽  
Yuan Zhong ◽  
Xinyun Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Association Analysis ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Tree Peony ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Paeonia Rockii

Allelic variation in floral quantitative traits, including the elements of flowers and fruits, is caused by extremely complex regulatory processes. In the genetic improvement of flare tree peony (Paeonia rockii), a unique ornamental and edible oil woody species in the genus Paeonia, a better understanding of the genetic composition of these complex traits related to flowers and fruits is needed. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of 160 P. rockii accessions and conducted single-marker association analysis for 19 quantitative flower and fruit traits using 81 EST-SSR markers. The results showed that the population had a high phenotypic diversity (coefficients of variation, 11.87–110.64%) and a high level of genetic diversity (mean number of alleles, NA = 6.09). These accessions were divided into three subgroups by STRUCTURE analysis and a neighbor-joining tree. Furthermore, we also found a low level of linkage disequilibrium between these EST-SSRs and, by single-marker association analysis, identified 134 significant associations, including four flower traits with 11 EST-SSRs and 10 fruit traits with 32 EST-SSRs. Finally, based on the sequence alignment of the associated markers, P280, PS2, PS12, PS27, PS118, PS131, and PS145 may be considered potential loci to increase the yield of flare tree peony. These results laid the foundation for further analysis of the genetic structure of some key traits in P. rockii and had an obvious potential application value in marker-assisted selection breeding.

scholarly journals Genetic diversity in Iranian chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) landraces as revealed by microsatellite markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Naghavi ◽  
S.R. Monfared ◽  
G. Humberto
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Physical Barrier ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Centre Of Origin ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
High Level ◽  
Semi Arid

To estimate the genetic diversity of chickpea germplasm from Iran, a total of 307 landraces from 4 regions including: northern areas (29 from Ardebil, 3 from Qazvin and 5 from Mazanderan provinces), temperate (16 from Kermanshah, 2 from Semnan, 54 from Khorasan and 20 from Kerman provinces), semi-arid (28 from Ghom and 56 from Isfahan provinces) and cold areas (15 from West Azarbayjan, 52 from Tehran and 27 from East Azarbayjan provinces) were analysed using 16 microsatellite loci. The number of alleles per microsatellite locus ranged from 8 to 29, with an average of 19.31 per locus. A high level of genetic diversity in the northern area (He = 0.76), even with a limited number of available landraces (37) compared with the other three regions (84–94), might confirm the northern Persia as part of the chickpea centre of origin. The neighbour-joining tree showed a low relationship between molecular divergence and the geographical grouping of chickpea. Moreover, cluster analyses based on molecular data showed that the northern area was separated clearly from the other three regions, indicating a physical barrier or geographical and environmental differences among these regions. A wide genetic diversity of Iranian chickpea landraces is a critical component for future selection and use of this germplasm for future breeding of chickpea.

scholarly journals Examination of Genetic Diversity of Common Bean from the Western Balkans

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Maras ◽  
Barbara Pipan ◽  
Jelka Šuštar-Vozlič ◽  
Vida Todorović ◽  
Gordana Đurić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Gene Pool ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Mesoamerican Gene Pool ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Large Clusters

In this study, genetic diversity of 119 accessions of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) from five former Yugoslav republics constituting the western Balkans was assessed by 13 microsatellite markers. This set of markers has proven before to efficiently distinguish between bean genotypes and assign them to either the Andean or the Mesoamerican gene pool of origin. In this study, 118 alleles were detected or 9.1 per locus on average. Four groups (i.e., Slovene, Croatian, Bosnian, and Serbian) showed similarly high levels of genetic diversity as estimated by the number of different alleles, number of effective alleles, Shannon’s information index, and expected heterozygosity. Mildly narrower genetic diversity was identified within a group of Macedonian accessions; however, this germplasm yielded the highest number of private alleles. All five germplasms share a great portion of genetic diversity as indicated by the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). On the basis of the scored number of migrants, we concluded that the most intensive gene flow in the region exists in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Cluster analysis based on collected molecular data classified the accessions into two large clusters that corresponded to two gene pools of origin (i.e., Andean and Mesoamerican). We found that Andean genotypes are more prevalent than Mesoamerican in all studied countries, except Macedonia, where the two gene pools are represented evenly. This could indicate that common bean was introduced into the western Balkans mainly from the Mediterranean Basin. Bayesian cluster analysis revealed that in the area studied an additional variation exists which is related to the Andean gene pool. Different scenarios of the origin of this variation are discussed in the article.

scholarly journals Assessment of molecular and phenotypic diversity among winter wheat cultivars

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Petrovic ◽  
Sonja Maric ◽  
Tihomir Cupic ◽  
A. Rebekic ◽  
Ivana Rukavina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Morphologic Data ◽  
Diversity Estimates

Comparing results of different genetic diversity estimates can be useful in parental selection for plant breeders. Forty winter wheat cultivars, from three Croatian breeding centres and four foreign countries, were used to utilize and compare agronomic, morphologic and molecular based genetic diversity estimates. Ten morphologic descriptors according to UPOV guidelines and eight agronomic traits were used to establish phenotypic data. Molecular data consisted of 26 SSR and four combinations of AFLP markers, covering all three wheat genomes. Agro-morphologic data showed variability especially regarding plant height (CV=18.44%), yield (CV=22.02%), and ear emergence (range=8). Discriminant analysis confirmed grouping among cultivars was mostly influenced by number of days to heading and yield. The four AFLP primer combinations and 26 SSR markers yielded 108 polymorphic bands. The UPGMA based on phenotypic data, arranged cultivars in four clusters, with one distinctive outlier, cultivar U1. The UPGMA based on molecular data also arranged cultivars in four clusters, with one distinctive outlier, cultivar Antonius. The similarities based on all four genetic diversity estimates reflected, on average, the degree of relatedness of cultivars used. No correlations between phenotypic and molecular data were found implying that both types of data should be used for genetic diversity estimates in order to cover wider variability between tested cultivars.

Multivariate Analysis, Genetic Diversity and Phenotypic Correlation of Nineteen Exotic Groundnut Accessions

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
YPJ AMARASINGHE ◽  
G . WIJESINGHE ◽  
R W PUSHPAKUMARA
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Clustering Method ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Number Of Branches

19 Groundnut ( Arachis hypogaea L. ) genotypes receiv ed from International Crops Research Institute for Semi Arid T ropics (ICRISA T) India w ere ev aluated in a non replicated trial and the characters w ere subjected to multiv ariate analysis to study the v ariability within the genotypes. The first 5 axes of the principal component analysis captured 78% of the total v ariability and identified yield parameters such as number of pods per plant, pod w eight per plant and growth parameters such as number of branches per plant, plant spread, and pod characteristics as the characters contributing most to total v ariation. Phenotypic correlation analysis rev ealed that the yield has positiv e correlation with the characters such as number of pods per plant and number of branches per plant. W ards clustering method has grouped the genotypes into 3 distinct clusters. The results can be applied in order to strengthen the breeding program

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequencing and Characterization of Buffalo Genetic Resources: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Saif ur Rehman ◽  
Faiz-ul Hassan ◽  
Xier Luo ◽  
Zhipeng Li ◽  
Qingyou Liu
Keyword(s):  
Selective Breeding ◽  
Reference Genome ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genomic Diversity ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
And Performance

The buffalo was domesticated around 3000–6000 years ago and has substantial economic significance as a meat, dairy, and draught animal. The buffalo has remained underutilized in terms of the development of a well-annotated and assembled reference genome de novo. It is mandatory to explore the genetic architecture of a species to understand the biology that helps to manage its genetic variability, which is ultimately used for selective breeding and genomic selection. Morphological and molecular data have revealed that the swamp buffalo population has strong geographical genomic diversity with low gene flow but strong phenotypic consistency, while the river buffalo population has higher phenotypic diversity with a weak phylogeographic structure. The availability of recent high-quality reference genome and genotyping marker panels has invigorated many genome-based studies on evolutionary history, genetic diversity, functional elements, and performance traits. The increasing molecular knowledge syndicate with selective breeding should pave the way for genetic improvement in the climatic resilience, disease resistance, and production performance of water buffalo populations globally.

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