scholarly journals Frequency of Red Blood Cells Alloimmunization in Thalassemia Patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Salwa A. Alnajjar ◽  
Taher Tayeb ◽  
Abdulrahman Alboog ◽  
Tarek Elgemmezi ◽  
Salwa Hindawi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Genetic Disorder ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Frequent Event ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

The aim of the study is to assess the alloimmunization rate to red blood cell in thalassemia patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital. Thalassemia is the most common genetic disorder worldwide that represents a major public health problem and requires long life blood transfusion to the patients as the main treatment. Alloimmunization to the transfused red blood cell can cause hemolytic transfusion reactions and significantly complicate transfusion therapy. Screening and identification of alloantibodies and transfusion of extended phenotyped blood can minimize these risks. A retrospective study was conducted on 134 thalassemia patients at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah. Patients’ samples were subjected to red cell typing, antibody screening and identifi cation of red blood cell antibodies. Alloimmunization in thalassemia patients was 20.15%; antibodies were mainly to the Rh and Kell blood group systems, the highest rate was for anti-E (32.4%) followed by anti-K (21.6%). Alloimmunization rate was the highest in the age group from > 10 – 20 years (40.7%). Red cell alloimmunization is a frequent event among thalassemia patient. A national protocol for screening and identifying of the red cell alloantibodies and transfusion of phenotype blood is required for proper management of these patients.

scholarly journals Red blood cell alloimmunisation and autoimmunisation in transfusion dependent beta thalassemics from Southern India

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 004-008
Author(s):  
Mohammed Saleem E. K. ◽  
Soundarya Mahalingam ◽  
Shamee Shastri ◽  
Kamalakshi G. Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Transfusion Therapy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Antibody Screening ◽  
Cell Antigen ◽  
Low Ionic Strength ◽  
Male To Female

AbstractThe development of red blood cell (RBC) isoimmunization with alloantibodies and autoantibodies complicate transfusion therapy in multiply transfused thalassemia patients. We conducted a study to analyse the frequency in our population. Clinical and antibody profile from 55 multiply transfused thalassemic patients who were receiving transfusions were collected and analyzed prospectively. A commercially available 3 cell antigen panel was used for the antibody screening procedure. If antibody screening with the 3-cell antigen panel was positive, an extended 11-cell antigen panel was used for antibody identification in LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution). All patients received blood matched for only ABO and Rh (D) antigens. A total of 55 transfusion dependent â thalassemics were included in this study out of which 30 (54.55%) were males and 25(45.45%) females with a male to female ratio of 1.2: 1. Frequency of red cell alloimmunization in this study was found to be 1.8%. None of the patients developed red cell autoimmunization. The alloantibody identified in the the patient who developed alloimmunisation was was anti-K. In conclusion, the transfusion of matched blood is essential for chronically transfused beta thalassemia patients in order to avoid alloimmunization.

Advantages of Larger Volume, Less Frequent Intrauterine Red Blood Cell Transfusions for Maternal Red Cell Alloimmunization

1996 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Inglis ◽  
Andrzej Lysikiewicz ◽  
Amy Sonnenblick ◽  
Jane Streltzoff ◽  
James Bussel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusions

Footstrike is the major cause of hemolysis during running

2003 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Telford ◽  
G. J. Sly ◽  
A. G. Hahn ◽  
R. B. Cunningham ◽  
C. Bryant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Free Hemoglobin ◽  
Serum Haptoglobin ◽  
Total Hemoglobin ◽  
Exercise Induced

There is a wide body of literature reporting red cell hemolysis as occurring after various forms of exercise. Whereas the trauma associated with footstrike is thought to be the major cause of hemolysis after running, its significance compared with hemolysis that results from other circulatory stresses on the red blood cell has not been thoroughly addressed. To investigate the significance of footstrike, we measured the degree of hemolysis after 1 h of running. To control for the potential effects of oxidative and circulatory stresses on the red blood cell, the same subjects cycled for 1 h at equivalent oxygen uptake. Our subjects were 10 male triathletes, who each completed two separate 1-h sessions of running and cycling at 75% peak oxygen uptake, which were performed in random order 1 wk apart. Plasma free hemoglobin and serum haptoglobin concentrations were measured as indicators of hemolysis. We also measured methemoglobin as a percentage of total hemoglobin immediately postexercise as an indicator of red cell oxidative stress. Plasma free hemoglobin increased after both running ( P < 0.01) and cycling ( P < 0.01), but the increase was fourfold greater after running ( P < 0.01). This was reflected by a significant fall in haptoglobin 1 h after the running trials, whereas no significant changes occurred after cycling at any sample point. Methemoglobin increased twofold after both running and cycling ( P < 0.01), with no significant differences between modes of exercise. The present data indicate that, whereas general circulatory trauma to the red blood cells associated with 1 h of exercise at 75% maximal oxygen uptake may result in some exercise-induced hemolysis, footstrike is the major contributor to hemolysis during running.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Various Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Count ratios in Malaria Evaluation

2017 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Akshay Louis Dias ◽  
Sumanth D.
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Monocyte Count ◽  
Count Ratio ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Cell Counts ◽  
The Absolute

Malaria is a major public health problem in India. Changes in blood cell counts are a wellknown feature of malaria. Hence an attempt has been made to assess the role of leucocyte ratios in malaria as predictors of malaria infection and its clinical severity. Methods: A retrospective observational cohort study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital over a period of 2 months. A total of 171 samples and 48 controls were included in the study. All the absolute and differential white blood cell counts were done. The neutrophillymphocyte count ratio (NLCR), monocyte-lymphocyte count ratio (MLCR) and monocyteneutrophil count ratio (MNCR) were calculated by using the absolute neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte count respectively. The results were analyzed statistically using SPSS software for windows. Results: Among 171 cases 145(84.8%), 19(11.1%), 7(4.1%) were Pl. vivax, Pl. falciparum and mixed malaria respectively. 52 cases were severe and 119 were non-severe. 52, 45, 47, 27 were parasitemia grade 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively. NLCR, MLCR and MNCR showed a sensitivity of 60.8%, 71.7%, 70.8% and specificity of 43.8%, 60.4%, and 56.3% respectively in malaria diagnosis. There was no association of NLCR, MLCR, MNCR with the type and severity of malaria. NLCR, MNCR correlated with varying grade of parasitemia. Conclusion: The results show the ratios NLCR, MLCR and MNCR have a better sensitivity but less specificity. The sensitivity and specificity for MLCR are the highest and can be used as a supportive to a screening test. The ratios can be used to show the presence of malaria parasite but there is no association with the type and severity of malaria. MLCR is a good predictor of malarial presence. NLCR and MNCR are associated with parasitemia.

Non-crisis related pain occurs in adult patients with sickle cell disease despite chronic red blood cell exchange transfusion therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 103304
Author(s):  
Susanna A. Curtis ◽  
Balbuena-Merle Raisa ◽  
John D. Roberts ◽  
Jeanne E. Hendrickson ◽  
Joanna Starrels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Exchange Transfusion ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Transfusion Therapy

scholarly journals Impact of Misclassification Rates on Compression Efficiency of Red Blood Cell Images of Malaria Infection Using Deep Learning

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Dong ◽  
W. David Pan ◽  
Dongsheng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Malaria Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lossless Compression ◽  
Compression Method ◽  
Misclassification Rates ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Image Datasets

Malaria is a severe public health problem worldwide, with some developing countries being most affected. Reliable remote diagnosis of malaria infection will benefit from efficient compression of high-resolution microscopic images. This paper addresses a lossless compression of malaria-infected red blood cell images using deep learning. Specifically, we investigate a practical approach where images are first classified before being compressed using stacked autoencoders. We provide probabilistic analysis on the impact of misclassification rates on compression performance in terms of the information-theoretic measure of entropy. We then use malaria infection image datasets to evaluate the relations between misclassification rates and actually obtainable compressed bit rates using Golomb–Rice codes. Simulation results show that the joint pattern classification/compression method provides more efficient compression than several mainstream lossless compression techniques, such as JPEG2000, JPEG-LS, CALIC, and WebP, by exploiting common features extracted by deep learning on large datasets. This study provides new insight into the interplay between classification accuracy and compression bitrates. The proposed compression method can find useful telemedicine applications where efficient storage and rapid transfer of large image datasets is desirable.

scholarly journals Increased Ca++, Mg++, and Na+ + K+ ATPase activities in erythrocytes of sickle cell anemia

Blood ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Luthra ◽  
DA Sears
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Red Cell

Abstract To determine whether diminished activity of the Ca++ extrusion pump could account for the high levels of red blood cell (RBC) Ca++ in sickle cell anemia (SS), we measured calmodulin-sensitive Ca++ ATPase activity in normal and SS RBC. Hemolysates prepared with saponin were compared, since such preparations expressed maximum ATPase activities, exceeding isolated membranes or reconstituted systems of membranes plus cytosol, SS RBC hemolysates had greater Ca++ ATPase activity than normal hemolysates; they exhibited higher Mg++ and Na+ + K+ ATPase activities as well. Assays on density (age) fractions of SS and normal red cells demonstrated that all ATPase activities were highest in low density (young) cells, and activities in SS red cells exceeded those in normals in all fractions studied. Thus, when studied under conditions that maximize enzyme activity, Ca++ ATPase activity, like Mg++ and Na+ + K+ ATPase, is actually increased in SS RBC, probably due to the young red cell population present. The elevated Ca++ levels in these cells are more likely due to an increased Ca++ leak or abnormal calcium binding than to defective extrusion by the ATPase pump.

Sickle crisis in the critically ill

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Jain ◽  
Mark T. Gladwin
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Red Blood Cell Transfusion ◽  
Acute Chest Syndrome ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Transfusion Therapy

Sickle cell disease crises are precipitated by an acute occlusion of microvessels, which can lead to end organ ischaemia reperfusion injury and acute haemolysis. Acute fat emboli syndrome, acute lung injury (the acute chest syndrome), acute pulmonary hypertension, and cor pulmonale, haemorrhagic and occlusive stroke, and systemic infection represent the most common life-threatening complications observed in current ICU practice. General principles of management in all patients admitted to the critical care unit are hydration, antibiotics, pain control, and maintenance of oxygenation and ventilation. Red blood cell transfusion therapy is the treatment of choice for most complications of sickle cell disease requiring intensive care management. Transfusion of sickle negative, leukoreduced red blood cells, phenotypically matched for Rhesus and Kell antigens is the minimum standard of care in sickle cell disease patients as they have a high incidence of red blood cell alloimmunization.

scholarly journals RED CELL STROMA PROTEIN RICH IN VITAMIN B12 DURING ACTIVE REGENERATION

1955 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 725-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Whipple ◽  
F. S. Robscheit-Robbins ◽  
W. F. Bale
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Pernicious Anemia ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Regeneration ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Active Regeneration ◽  
Protein Rich

During active blood regeneration in anemia in dogs an increase occurs in the stroma protein of the red cells. When vitamin B12 with radioactive cobalt is given at the start of this blood regeneration one finds concentration of labeled B12 in the stroma protein but not in the hemoglobin. After the acute phase of red cell regeneration is ended the concentration of B12 in stroma protein falls rapidly to very low levels within 2 weeks. Subsequent episodes of red blood cell regeneration seems not to cause remobilization of radioactive cobalt into red cells from other body stores. It appears that the vitamin B12 is a factor of importance in the first steps of stroma protein formation in the first few days of the life of the red cell in the dog. This response in dogs and the response in pernicious anemia to vitamin B12 may have some points in common. Distribution of the B12-radioactive cobalt in the organs and tissues at autopsy has been recorded. Some very suggestive localizations were noted and some variation 1 week and 7 weeks after B12 injections. Radioactive cobalt escapes in the urine during the weeks following B12 injections.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document