Development of a Database Oriented Software for Construction Material Selection in Contaminated Soils

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Puppala ◽  
V. Mohan ◽  
E.C. Crosby ◽  
S. Valluru
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material

scholarly journals A Prototype Expert System for the Selection of Road Construction Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
S. Hassim ◽  
K.T. Teh ◽  
R. Muniandy ◽  
H. Omar ◽  
A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microsoft Access ◽  
Programming Tool

A prototype for an expert system in road construction material selection system, which is based on the outcomes of Friedman and multiple comparisons statistical methods was developed. The outcomes were acquired through questionnaires from selected pavement experts. The factors affecting pavement materials under each particular site condition were incorporated into the specific rules of the system. The system knowledge-base was extracted from the statistical testing outcomes and then rearranged and compiled prior to the development of the system. Visual Basic 6.0 was adopted as the programming tool for development of the system, while the knowledge-base of the separate system was kept in Microsoft Access 2000. The prototype expert system can be used to emulate part of the professional reasoning capabilities based on the knowledge of a pavement expert or a specialist to solve problems on materials selection. The system can help road designers to improve their professional ability to evaluate all available materials even before carrying out any laboratory tests.

scholarly journals Perceptions, Attitudes, and Interests of Architects in the Use of Engineered Wood Products for Construction: A Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Emre Ilgın ◽  
Markku Karjalainen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Biobased Materials ◽  
Wood Construction ◽  
Engineered Wood Products ◽  
Engineered Wood ◽  
The Impact

Increased use of engineered wood products (EWPs) and thus decreasing share of non-biobased materials such as concrete reduces the impact of buildings on the climate by mitigating the primary energy use and greenhouse gas emissions in construction. A construction project includes many parameters, where the selection of construction material is one of the crucial decisions with its numerous criteria e.g. cost, strength, environmental impact. Furthermore, this complicated process includes different parties such as architects, engineers, contractors. Architects are among the key decision-makers in material selection, and their perceptions influence what they propose and hence an increase in wood construction. In literature, many studies have been conducted on the technological, ecological, economic aspects of EWPs, while limited studies are focusing on EWPs for construction from stakeholders’ perspective. In this chapter, architects’ attitudes towards the use of EWPs in buildings were scrutinized.

scholarly journals Wood use and kayak construction: Material selection from the perspective of carpentry

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Walls
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Experimental Archaeology ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Archaeological Sites

Abstract Although the natural availability and quality of wood is variable across the Arctic, there is great continuity in how it was traditionally used. This article considers the value of wood to Arctic peoples and the criteria that would distinguish the utility of different pieces. The topic is explored in the case of kayak construction, one of the most complex carpentry tasks that can be inferred from many archaeological sites. Numerous types of kayaks were built in several periods by a variety of peoples using very different toolkits. Using both ethnographic and archaeological examples, it is shown that this technology everywhere shared several key stages of construction. Within these stages, specific carpentry tasks defined the criteria that all kayak builders used to select wood. By exploring the value of wood to Arctic peoples for carpentry, this article demonstrates the potential for understanding wood use through experimental archaeology.

scholarly journals Solidification/Stabilization of Contaminated Soil in a South Station of the Khurmala Oil Field in Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 7474
Author(s):  
Sazan Nariman Abdulhamid ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Hasan ◽  
Shuokr Qarani Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Portland Limestone Cement ◽  
Crude Oil Production

Currently, the primary source of pollution is crude oil production. Crude oil production has dramatic consequences for farmlands, communities, and in terms of the construction materials required for earthworks. The main aims of the present study were to reduce the level of pollution caused by oil production in the Khurmala soil and then reuse it as a construction material. Soil remediation using the solidification/stabilization method was applied in the field using Portland limestone cement (CEM II). The performance of using CEM II in the remediation process was then investigated in the laboratory by taking the natural, contaminated, and treated soils from the Khurmala site. Furthermore, the results of the soils were compared with their corresponding soil samples using ordinary Portland cement (OPC). The comparison was performed by investigating the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of the soils. The discussion was supported using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. Chemical and SEM results revealed that there were fourfold and tenfold decreases in the percentage of oil and grease using OPC and CEM II, respectively, confirming the higher performance of using CEM II over OPC. The values of the coefficient of permeability, shear strength parameters, and California bearing ratio of the treated soils were significantly improved, compared to those of the contaminated soils.

scholarly journals Stabilization/Solidification of Zinc- and Lead-Contaminated Soil Using Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3): An Environmentally Friendly Alternative

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vemula Anand Reddy ◽  
Chandresh H. Solanki ◽  
Shailendra Kumar ◽  
Krishna R. Reddy ◽  
Yan-Jun Du
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Calcined Clay

Due to increased carbon emissions, the use of low-carbon and low-cost cementitious materials that are sustainable and effective are gaining considerable attention recently for the stabilization/solidification (S/S) of contaminated soils. The current study presents the laboratory investigation of low-carbon/cost cementitious material known as limestone-calcined clay cement (LC3) for the potential S/S of Zn- and Pb-contaminated soils. The S/S performance of the LC3 binder on Zn- and Pb-contaminated soil was determined via pH, compressive strength, toxicity leaching, chemical speciation, and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analyses. The results indicate that immobilization efficiency of Zn and Pb was solely dependent on the pH of the soil. In fact, with the increase in the pH values after 14 days, the compressive strength was increased to 2.5–3 times compared to untreated soil. The S/S efficiency was approximately 88% and 99%, with increase in the residual phases up to 67% and 58% for Zn and Pb, respectively, after 28 days of curing. The increase in the immobilization efficiency and strength was supported by the XRPD analysis in forming insoluble metals hydroxides such as zincwoodwardite, shannonite, portlandite, haturite, anorthite, ettringite (Aft), and calcite. Therefore, LC3 was shown to offer green and sustainable remediation of Zn- and Pb-contaminated soils, while the treated soil can also be used as safe and environmentally friendly construction material.

Dam construction material selection by implementing the integrated SWARA–CODAS approach with target-based attributes

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 1194-1210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abteen Ijadi Maghsoodi ◽  
Arta Ijadi Maghsoodi ◽  
Parastou Poursoltan ◽  
Jurgita Antucheviciene ◽  
Zenonas Turskis
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Dam Construction

scholarly journals Analytic Hierarchy Process-Based Construction Material Selection for Performance Improvement of Building Construction: The Case of a Concrete System Form

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmin Lee ◽  
Dongyoun Lee ◽  
Myungdo Lee ◽  
Minju Kim ◽  
Taehoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Analytic Hierarchy Process ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
The Body ◽  
Performance Goal ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Concrete System ◽  
System Form ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Selecting the best materials that ensure maximum performance is crucial in the construction engineering design of any construction project. However, this is challenging and usually not properly considered because of the lack of systematic and scientific evaluation methods for the performance of materials. This paper proposes a new approach of selecting material to satisfy the performance goal of material designers in building constructions based on the analytic hierarchy process method. To validate the suggested model, a case study was conducted for a concrete system form, the performance of which is susceptible to its materials and has a strong effect on overall project productivity. The newly developed form comprising polymers and alloys showed that the proposed material selection model provided a better combination of materials, and the solution was technically more advanced and ensured better performance. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by expanding the understanding of how construction material properties affect project performance and provides a guideline for material engineers to select the best-performing building materials while considering a performance goal.

scholarly journals THE SUSTAINABILITY OF BAMBOO MATERIALS IN THE BUMI PEMUDA RAHAYU BAMBOO HALL BUILDING

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
pp. 58-73
Author(s):  
Gallus Presiden Dewagana ◽  
Kamal A. Arif
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Sustainable Materials ◽  
Complex Structural ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
System Selection

Abstract - The issue of global warming strongly encourages architects to use sustainable materials to preserve nature. Bamboo material is an ecological and sustainable material. Bamboo is also predicted as a future material. The strengths and advantages of bamboo are very likely to be used as a building construction material. Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for bamboo material to be used inappropriately so that it does not optimize the ecological and sustainable properties of bamboo. The object of study chosen was the Bumi Pemuda Rahayu bamboo hall. This object is close to the concept of sustainability as seen from the function of the building, which is a co-creating space that prioritizes sustainability-related activities. This research uses qualitative-quantitative methods that will compare the theory regarding the concept of sustainability of materials related to the building material life cycle with the data obtained. The concept will be divided into three aspects, namely design aspects, construction aspects, and maintenance and renovation aspects. These three aspects can be examined by knowing the object data related to these aspects. The results of the study will answer whether the use of bamboo material in the object of study is in accordance with the concept of sustainability of the bamboo material. The analysis of the design stage pays attention to material selection, material preservation, how to optimize the age of bamboo and the selection of a structural system. The construction stage is analyzed by considering the type of connection used. The maintenance and renovation phases are analyzed by paying attention to how to renovate the bamboo structure and post-construction maintenance of the building. This building is appropriate in choosing the type of material, applying preservation of bamboo materials, and successfully preventing bamboo from environmental influences in order to reach its optimal age. In terms of structural system selection, this building is also appropriate by applying the arc rod structural system. Bolted joints are appropriate for complex structural systems, it's just that there must be special treatment at the base of the arc structure that receives the greatest load due to cracks. Renovation and maintenance aspects must be considered again because this building will have difficulty if you have to do renovations, especially on the arc structure. Maintenance that is rarely performed can also reduce the life of the building.   Key Words: bamboo, sustainable materials, Bumi Pemuda Rahayu

scholarly journals Advective Displacement Method for the Characterisation of Pore Water Chemistry and Transport Properties in Claystone

Geofluids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urs Mäder
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Core Sample ◽  
Displacement Method ◽  
Multicomponent Transport ◽  
Argillaceous Rocks ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Hydraulic Gradients

The advective displacement method applies large hydraulic gradients to a confined rock core sample to yield small aliquots of the preserved in situ pore water, applicable to aquitard rocks with hydraulic conductivities as low as 10−14 m/s. Examples from argillaceous rocks indicate that only minor artefacts are induced and that analytical methods optimized for small aliquots provide a comprehensive chemical and isotopic characterisation. Multicomponent transport properties are derived from extending experimental time and using a traced artificial pore water for injection. Examples include quantification of the anion exclusion effect that can even resolve a small difference between transport properties for chloride and bromide in claystone. Controls by mineral saturation and cation exchange processes are also constrained by data from this approach. Technical details are provided for construction, material selection, components, sensors, and analytical issues.

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